GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006558_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The link between migration and development is well-established in theory and policy circles. However, the focus has been on migration from the global South to the global North, underplaying the importance of North-South flows and migration within the global South. These alternative flows have important implications for inclusive growth, understood as economic growth that creates opportunities for all in society and where the monetary and non-monetary benefits are fairly distributed. The Migration for Inclusive African Growth network will look at how inclusive growth is, and can be, strengthened through inward investment by migrant groups in the service sector of 4 African countries: Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya and Mozambique. There are 3 factors which suggest that this is an important focus. First, the economic downturn revealed the fragility of the growth experienced by many African economies over the past decade. Too much of this growth was based on commodity exports whereas recent academic and policy analysis suggests that services may hold the key to future growth. Second, alongside growing migration within Africa, we are also seeing a rise in new migration flows into Africa, both from the highly developed economies of the global North and the emerging economies of the global South. Third, these migrant flows contain entrepreneurs and professionals who not only invest in the service sector, particularly areas of critical importance for development such as health, education, and ICTs, but also bring new finance, knowledge and social networks that have the potential to enhance local capabilities and thereby support inclusive growth. While these new migration flows have the potential to generate more inclusive growth in Africa, our knowledge of their size, motives, organisation and impacts is fragmented and largely anecdotal. Therefore, the central aim of the network is to bring together Northern and Southern researchers, policy makers, migrant groups and business representatives to generate and share existing knowledge on contemporary South-South and North-South migration flows to and within Africa and design a research agenda to better understand these flows and how their contribution to inclusive growth can be enhanced through policy and practice. The network assembles expertise in migration research to, from and within Africa. The co-applicants in each country have a track record in policy-relevant research and are well networked nationally and regionally with academic, business and policy actors. The network will interact through a mix of virtual and face-to-face means - what we call evidence cafés - across a 17-month programme of work. These will be organised by the African partners in Africa and supported by the Open University which has experience of organising such learning events. Our hypothesis is that new migrant communities in Africa have the potential to make important contributions to inclusive growth and economic competitiveness in the countries and locales where they settle. In order to assess whether and how such benefits may be occurring the co-applicants in the 4 African countries first have to map existing data in order to gain a much clearer picture of what gaps exist and where our research energies should be focused. The focus will be services since this is a growth sector where migrant participation appears highest and within this the African co-applicants will identify the 3 most relevant sub-sectors in their contexts from education, health, ICTs, and cultural industries. The outcome will be a new international research network and advice to GCRF on migration's role in inclusive growth. We will also develop a series of collaborative bids to GCRF and other funders in 2018. The network will innovate by using the evidence cafés and distributed academic and practitioner networks to meet the learning needs of migrant investors in Africa as well as local actors who engage with them. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL THE OPEN UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 30522.2 91566.6 11521.25 11521.25 30522.2 30522.2 30522.2 30522.2 148462.58 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006582_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This strategic network seeks to analyse and respond to three key trends in international development. First, the strong emphasis on accountability and a move towards gathering large amounts of monitoring and evaluation data. Second, the growth of digitalisation and datafication (ie the use of digital tools, technologies and processes to transform organisations and strategic decision-making to being data-driven). New digital technologies are now being used in development practice in numerous cross-cutting ways. Yet there are risks of multiple digital divides and digital exclusions which have to be counter-acted. Third, there are the issues of digital participation. Datafication and digitazation require capacity-building locally to ensure development efforts remain grounded in the priorities of countries and communities of the global South. These trends combine to form a single challenge: how might these increasingly sophisticated and powerful tools of surveillance and analysis be used to empower the marginalised? Advocates of big data and digitalisation see multiple benefits becoming possible because policies can become more data driven, and hence more accurate in their understanding of the problems they tackle. They see many opportunities to engage citizens directly. But critics warn against numerous risks including loss of privacy and the replication of invisibilities and inequalities along geographical, gender, education and class lines that these trends may enhance, rather than diminish. The primary aim of this network is to bring together leading researchers and practitioners from information and communication technologies for development (ICT4D), Data Science and participatory practice to develop an ambitious and innovative research agenda. Non-academic partners and collaborators, Oxfam Digital, UNICEF, the South African Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and the global umbrella organisation of mobile phone companies, GSMA, have together pledged over 36 person days to contribute to the co-shaping of this research agenda. They recognise that there is an urgent need for more research and collaboration with academic institutions in this area. We will convene a series of meetings and events in diverse formats to bring together members of the collective under the different priorities we have identified. Altogether some 30 participants will work in four thematic groups: 1: Big Data, "small data" and Data Science to inform progress towards the SDGs 2: Participation and value-based design of socio-technological innovation 3: Citizen participation, data science, ICT for peace building. 4: Youth participation and innovative digital methods. Our first aim for these meetings is that they will produce an overarching research agenda and several research programmes as well as research proposals that can be pursued individually or collectively by different members of the collective. The second aim is intensive capacity building. Researchers in partner countries, early career researchers, researchers from different disciplines and those researchers new to research in the global South will all get a chance to expand their research capacity and improve practice. This work fits squarely with all three aspects of compliance with ODA that the ESRC pursues. It is 'for development', because it seeks to solve development challenges faced in the global south over digital development, improving data and participation. It is 'on development', as it entails critical scrutiny of measures which are intended to improve lives and well-being. It is 'as development' as it promotes various forms of individual and institutional capacity building in collaboration with existing and new partners. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 23593.42 94564.78 7292.7 7292.7 23784.52 23593.42 23593.42 23593.42 23593.42 141942.68 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006671_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The green economy has significant potential for delivering inclusive economic development in Africa; however the dynamics of this potentially paradigm-shifting phenomenon are poorly understood (Borel-Saladin & Turok 2013, Mudombi 2013, Death 2014, ECA 2016). Comprising researchers from multiple disciplines, (from UK, Africa, and India), African think tanks, civil society organisations and government departments, the proposed Network aims to lay the foundation for a robust assessment and understanding of the dynamics of green growth governance in Africa and the implications for sustainable economic transformation in the continent. Particular attention will be paid to understanding key challenges for leveraging green growth as a means to tackle inequality and poverty plus interventions that can be honed to transcend existing barriers to deliver results at scale and enhance sustainability. Prompted by national circumstances and their international development partners, many African countries have started to embrace the concept of green growth. Countries such as Rwanda, Ethiopia, Kenya and South Africa have sketched ambitious plans to decouple economic growth from environmental pressures and 'leapfrog' to green, sustainable economies. For example, Ethiopia's ambitious, multi-sectoral Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP) to bring the country to a middle-income status within 10 years, runs alongside the Climate Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy. The CRGE's principal aim is to achieve a high rate of economic growth without increasing the country's GHG emissions. However, till date, very little study has examined green growth in Africa with the result that significant questions need to be asked. For example: (i) what are the current greening activities taking place in Africa? (ii) in what ways do putative green economy activities represent a significant departure from 'business as usual'?; (iii) are green growth activities displacing, being mainstreamed or co-existing with 'brown' development?; (iv) what is the impact of national green growth strategies on inequality and poverty in Africa?; (v) what are the key motivations of African leaders and governments seeking to be front-runners in this area; and what are the reasons for reluctance among the slow or non-movers?; (vi) what are the environmental, technology, innovation, and ethical implications of greening? (vii) what is the local and international political economy of greening in Africa and who are the key actors?; (viii) what are the capacity needs required to achieve scale?; (vii) what are the successes, challenges, synergies and trade-offs associated with greening in Africa, how do these differ across countries, and what lessons can Africa learn from other developing countries? Through a series of collaborative activities including: (i) workshops, (ii) mapping of existing green growth initiatives in Africa, (iii) initial political economy and socio-technical analysis; and (iv) an initial technology and capacity gap assessment, the network will lay a foundation for future research work in understanding the dynamics, prospects and limits of the green economy in Africa. Capacity will be built through collaborative planning, mentoring, and peer networks. Partnership with a leading research and policy think tank in India will promote South-South cooperation. Although our work will address issues on a continent-wide basis, our primary focus will be the following three countries: (i) Ethiopia, which is pursuing an ambitious growth agenda and greening strategy, simultaneously; (ii) Kenya, which has also made notable attempts to embrace the concept of greening development and is currently the first and only African country that has signed a national legislation on climate change; and (iii) Nigeria, the most populous and biggest economy in Africa, which has made some efforts at greening but is generally considered a laggard in this area (Okonkwo & Uwazie 2016). The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF READING Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 24254.89 97216.01999999999 8535.52 8535.52 24451.35 24254.89 24254.89 24254.89 24254.89 145922.26 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006701_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY It is estimated that 70% of the population of Uganda, Botswana, and Nigeria directly depend on the rich biodiversity of their ecosystems for their livelihoods, health and well-being. These ecosystems are being damaged at alarming rates in conjunction with a deterioration of social, cultural, and economic prosperity. Land degradation currently leads to annual loss of more than 3% of agriculture GDP in the sub-Saharan region, with two-thirds of arable land expected to be lost in Africa by 2025. While research, innovation, and policy addressing these environmental and social realities is carried out nationally and internationally, these occur largely without community involvement or qualitative input, and mostly without successful implementation. The CSPE Network brings together environmental and social scientists in community and public pedagogies to address this apparent implementation gap. As a matter of urgency, the gap between environmental research, innovation, and policy and the communities impacting and being impacted by the environment needs to be mitigated, in order to effectively address the growing issues related to biodiversity degradation. The CSPE Network will seek to develop Innovation and Economic Growth by facilitating innovative cross-disciplinary and cross-sector collaborations to address biodiversity loss in engagement with the social, cultural, and economic factors experienced by communities. Uganda, Botswana, and Nigeria have a rich, important history of non-formal, community and public pedagogies. Focused on learning and teaching outside formal educational institutions, community and public pedagogies include learning in various public and community spaces and can emerge for example, through instruction, engagement, social arts, and popular culture, amongst many other forms. There is a significant field of research and practice in community engagement, indigenous ways of knowing, and vocational development in the African context, but this social science area rarely works directly with environmental science. Hence, there are parallel objectives (environmental sustainability and the well being of people) but a lack of common language, approach, or expertise. In the context of environment-dependent populations, community and public pedagogies are the strongest, fastest, and most appropriate forms of engagement required to connect new scientific information with existing socio-cultural knowledge and realities. The environmental policy implementation gap is not new but it is predominantly put down to failures of governance and control. The CSPE Network postulates that addressing biodiversity degradation without genuine community engagement is a project destined to continue to fail. Likewise, to address the health, well-being, and education of populations without rich, science-based environmental knowledge is equally futile. Furthermore, the leadership of all three countries recognise that the environmental challenges they face require inter-sectoral and holistic attention (Uganda Vision 2040; Nigeria Vision 20:2020; Botswana National Development Plan 10). The CSPE Network proposes that without the full engagement of communities, governance will only further widen the gap between communities and the policy makers and researchers trying to protect them. This sustained dynamic and the ever-increasing set of problems is due not to a lack of knowledge, expertise or financial resources. It is due to the disconnect between environmental science and the engagement of communities: a disconnect this network is designed to mitigate. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 107807.52 21700.98 21700.98 21701.0 21526.63 21526.63 43053.26 129508.5 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006752_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Language is one of the factors that can enhance the migrants' and refugees' life, their physical and mental wellbeing, and improve their chances of staying mobile. Language is key for communication, information sharing, participation in social processes, education, and training. It is a tool for access to cultural and material resources and an expression of identity. It can strengthen resilience, prevent conflict, and strengthen communities. Story-telling can address loss, displacement, and trauma and can act as an intervention to support mental well-being. Book-sharing can facilitate language development in young children and promote child cognitive and socio-emotional development. At the same time, language can be a barrier if language policies and a language support system is not in place, making it difficult for refugees to find their way around, ask for help and support to meet their needs. In contrast, when effective language policies and language support are in place that can enable people to receive information in a language they understand, language can empower people, enable them to navigate the new environment and increase their chances of mobility in their journey. Language skills are also key for building and maintaining social networks during the journey, and for achieving a successful socio-cultural integration in the destination country. To date, there are pockets of good practice in terms of language policy and language support in some refugee settings, but there is also a lot of variation between countries and refugee settings. There is often limited awareness of good practice across settings, regions, and countries, and a lack of coordinated work and knowledge sharing. The proposed network addresses the role of language as a protective factor in refugee settings. It addresses how language and language policies in refugee settings can enhance their physical and mental health and wellbeing, act as social protection, enhance their chances for mobility, and facilitate their integration in the destination societies. This network adopts a cross-disciplinary approach including academic and non-academic partners. Academics include researchers within the disciplines of linguistics, language policy, ethnography, history, translation studies, education, psychology, and cognitive neuroscience and will bring the state of the art evidence from research. Non-academic organisations include national and international NGOs working with refugees and migrants and will bring their experience, for example, on how translators can support refugees (Translators Without Borders), on the role of home language on supporting mental health (Mothertongue), and the role of book-sharing to promote child cognitive and socio-emotional development (The Mukhulu Trust). Academic and non-academic organisations will provide input on the state of affairs, identify good and bad practice, identify priorities as well as training needs that promise to make a difference. The University of Reading is in a privileged position to coordinate the network because it brings together under the umbrella of the Centre for Literacy and Multilingualism (CeLM) a coherent team of researchers from different disciplines who have an international record of publications and impact activities on language acquisition, migration, language planning and policy. The outcome of this network has the potential to impact academic and non-academic stakeholders working on migration and refugees, and can benefit refugees living in camps, people working and volunteering in refugee camps, camp managers, NGOs (at local, national and international level), language teachers and educators working with refugees inside and outside the camps, policy makers working on language policies, and media operators working on migration and refugees, leading to inclusiveness and socio-cultural integration. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF READING Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 21832.59 87507.21 3315.5 3315.5 22009.44 21832.59 21832.59 21832.59 21832.59 131349.22 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P008038_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY CPAID will address critical questions that have bedevilled the outside world's engagement with governance of fragile, conflict affected, marginal and impoverished populations. In these places inclusive growth has proved elusive. We propose a different starting point. Rather than anticipating transitions to accountable and capable Western government familiar to policymakers, CPAID prioritises the everyday lived realities of ordinary people in conflict-affected and fragile situations. In these places, the foundations of such growth are far more widespread and pervasive than state institutions. Through the lens of public authority, CPAID researchers seek to understand how governance actually functions in such circumstances, what forms of growth does this accomplish, and can actually existing forms of inclusive growth be promoted by development practitioners. Only a historically-informed, contextual and interdisciplinary analysis of how political, economic and social factors interact can achieve a full understanding of 'real governance' in conflict affected in places. Understanding these dynamics is critical to inform new and improved models of international development which will actually provide or enhance firm foundations for future inclusive growth. CPAID will explore how forms of public authority shape and are shaped by a set of interlocking global challenges that pose both risks and opportunities for international development and inclusive growth: namely, the provision of security and justice; migration, displacement and situations of endemic violence; global health threats; control and allocation of resources; and advances in media and information technologies. CPAID will fill a serious evidence gap about on the ground realities in large areas of Africa which currently affect other regions, including Europe. The CPAID team includes world- leading authorities on, Uganda, Kenya, Sierra Leone, Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, South Sudan, Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, and Central African Republic. Our primary focus is on public authority as perceived, understood and experienced by populations in locations of research. Research over the last decade or so has challenged prevailing assumptions embodied in the 'failed states' discourse, namely that in the absence of western-style governance institutions, fragile and conflict affected societies collapse or flounder. CPAID will undertake research which can help us understand the various ways in which actual forms of public authority work. This approach is desperately needed in development policy. Conventional conflict and post-conflict state building processes, premised on Weberian notions of the state, are hugely expensive and too often unsuccessful or arguably even counter-productive. Moreover, with the rise of 'resilience thinking', donors are increasingly acknowledging that the world is a place of 'radical uncertainty', and determined, in the words of DFID to 'embrace uncertainty as an opportunity to... bounce back better'. This has underpinned a new, but under-researched agenda to find more cost-effective and culturally 'embedded' forms of governance that donors can support. This research will also take place in the context of massive investments to provide internet connectivity. The next five years will witness unprecedented efforts to connect millions of people who do not currently have internet access in Africa, in remote and borderland areas. Examining the role of new technologies, including social media, in reshaping public authorities and governments will provide crucial entry points to develop policies to achieve new forms of inclusive growth. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 905723.88 913060.24 1091215.74 901128.6200000001 105845.98999999999 22690.98 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 22690.92 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -37019.40 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -37019.4 22690.98 83155.01 361325.93 179934.23 179934.23 179934.23 261373.84 230114.01 230114.01 369613.88 228265.06 228265.06 228265.06 228265.06 226430.97 226430.97 226430.97 226430.97 4355303.62 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P500616_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Doctoral Training Partnerships: a range of postgraduate training is funded by the Research Councils. For information on current funding routes, see the common terminology at www.rcuk.ac.uk/StudentshipTerminology. Training grants may be to one organisation or to a consortia of research organisations. This portal will show the lead organisation only. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Africa, regional 225000 250000 -86365.32 125000.0 125000.0 225000.0 600000.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P500628_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Doctoral Training Partnerships: a range of postgraduate training is funded by the Research Councils. For information on current funding routes, see the common terminology at www.rcuk.ac.uk/StudentshipTerminology. Training grants may be to one organisation or to a consortia of research organisations. This portal will show the lead organisation only. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Africa, regional 225000 250000 -40119.3 125000.0 125000.0 225000.0 600000.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S000453_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The growth of South-South trade involving Southern lead firms and end markets presents critical challenges for the governance of decent work. However, we have limited information on whether the commercial dynamics of domestic and regional value chains (RVCs) coordinated by Southern lead firms undermine decent work. Or do they provide new channels for promoting labour standards through multi-stakeholder public-private alliances based in the global South? Can governance of RVCs in Southern markets become more ethical leading to labour outcomes that support sustainable development? This study aims to address this critical gap by asking: What are the implications of regional and domestic value chains in the global South for public-private governance and regulation of decent work in global production? This has key policy implications for the potential development of Southern-based multi-stakeholder public-private 'ethical trade platforms' to support Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG8) on decent work. The research addresses this question on three fronts. First, empirically it examines South African and Kenyan retailers that coordinate value chains domestically and across the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region. African producers have long supplied multi-national companies (MNCs) through global value chains (GVCs). MNCs apply private governance of social standards (codes of labour practice and fair trade) as a result of civil society campaigns to hold them to account for decent work deficits in GVCs. However, commercial pressures on suppliers to reduce costs and meet delivery criteria often undermine social standards. Production can shift to suppliers with weak labour rights and intensify use of precarious workers. Private social standards have been largely ineffective in securing decent work for precarious workers, many of whom are women. There are now calls for public governance (national labour regulation and social clauses in trade agreements) to play a greater role. Increasingly SSA suppliers also sell into RVCs coordinated by South African and some Kenyan retailers. This research focuses on sourcing by South African and Kenyan retailers of horticulture and garments from South Africa, Lesotho and Kenya. It assesses the implications for attaining decent work, especially for precarious female workers. It examines whether the spread of RVCs imply greater commercial challenges for labour, or could provide a channel for enhancing public-private governance of decent work. Second, analytically the research advances global value chain and global production network (GPN) approaches to governance combined with gender analysis of decent work for precarious labour. It adapts polycentric analysis of public and private governance of RVCs to incorporate 'joint and several' accountability for decent work. This extends beyond direct employers, involving wider commercial actors that can influence working conditions, including buyers, suppliers and labour contractors across different value chain tiers. It provides an analytical framework for examining governance of decent work in RVCs that overlap with GVCs. This has important implications for analysis of how linkages between public and private governance can be enhanced to support attainment of SDG8. Third, policy wise the research combines an inter-disciplinary team working in close collaboration with the UK Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI). ETI has strong connections in sub-Saharan Africa through its company, NGO and trade union members, and with MSIs in South African and Kenya. We aim to provide a research informed contribution to examining how Southern-based multi-stakeholder alliances involving government, commercial and civil society actors could be tailored to South African and Kenyan RVCs. The research will inform ETI's 2020 vision of promoting new 'ethical trade platforms' in Africa as a new model of sustainable development in support of SDG8 on decent work The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 86441.92 346467.88 261426.37 -54877.44 87142.13 87142.12 87142.12 87142.12 86441.92 86441.92 86441.92 86441.92 694336.17 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S00050X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY There is evidence internationally that there is a positive association between an increase in GDP per capita and growing car use in cities. However, car-oriented urban development results in strong negative externalities, such as high C02 emissions, air pollution, congestion, road accidents, urban sprawl, social exclusion, spatial segregation and sedentary lifestyles. These lead to poor accessibility and inequity and affects socio-economic development. Most Global North cities with high levels of motorization are now attempting to constrain and reduce traffic levels and move towards sustainable mobility and more liveable cities. Cities in developing countries are faced with a stark choice of repeating the evolutionary mistakes of many of the cities in more developed countries, or 'leapfrogging' car-oriented mobility to directly develop cities around the principles of sustainable mobility and liveability. Growing urban economies have an opportunity to establish innovative solutions for achieving sustainable and inclusive mobility and land use patterns; thus, avoiding being 'locked-in' to a car-oriented development trajectory - which can prove very difficult and expensive to rectify at later stages of development. T-SUM is an interdisciplinary and cross-sector collaborative project that aims to identify the conditions under which sustainable and inclusive transport and land use development can be accelerated in growing cities in the Global South. It is grounded in the observation that, in the context of still-low-but-rising levels of motorization, economic growth and increasing social and spatial inequalities, the formulation and implementation of policies, practices and partnerships that can support an accelerated implementation of sustainable mobility structures is an urgent concern for rapidly developing cities. This project will initially focus on Maputo, Mozambique, and Freetown, Sierra Leone, as relevant examples of growing urban economies in Sub-Saharan Africa and other parts of the Global South. Challenging the traditionally assumed links between economic growth and car-based urban transport, alongside documenting the socioeconomic and spatial inequalities stemming from current urban transport systems in Sub-Saharan Africa, requires rethinking some of the knowledge and methodologies produced about cities of the region. This proposal seeks to contribute to this debate through three objectives: firstly, to develop a conceptual framework based on alternative development trajectories for (un)sustainable urban transport, drawing on data from cities across the Global North and the Global South; secondly, to assemble and co-produce evidence by interrogating urban transport and land use data in two rapidly developing cities in the region, Maputo and Freetown; and thirdly, to initiate participative governance processes to foster new models of development based on a sustainable mobility trajectory, through evidence-based engagement with public and professional stakeholders across levels of governance and sectors. The process will rely on collaborations across disciplines, with government and with local communities; and ultimately will produce evidence-based knowledge for informing policy and accelerating sustainable and socially inclusive transport development in Sub-Saharan African cities, and beyond. Expected impacts include: Improved urban governance processes and institutional capacity-building in the cities of Maputo and Freetown;The introduction of a tradition of citizen engagement and co-production; Accelerated urban transport development pathways based on sustainability and inclusivity principles, resulting in improved physical and mental well-being, increased prosperity, reduced C02 emissions, air pollution and energy consumption, improved accessibility and social inclusion in cities; A legacy of data and analytical tools that will assist both cities in their future sustainable mobility planning and implementation. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 134851.34 270795 254967.77 2429.06 15591.65 15591.65 627.01 1802.05 62512.68 62492.68 61990.58 67971.83 67971.83 67971.83 67425.67 67425.67 67425.67 67425.67 678634.82 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S000550_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY After decades of pessimism some African economies have recently experienced the fastest growth rates in the world, though this growth has not yet trickled down to the poorest. The proposed research aims to address one aspect of the challenge of transforming national economic growth into more inclusive growth; namely migration. An outcome of the optimism around Africa is new and more diverse flows of migrants within and to the faster growing African economies. Yet we know very little about these migration flows and whether they offer discernable benefits for African development and redistributive potential. The overarching aim of the project is to understand whether and to what extent recent migration within and to Africa is contributing to more sustainable and inclusive growth on the continent and to enable policy-makers and practitioners to harness this knowledge for more inclusive growth. The theoretical and policy agenda to which this research speaks is the recognition that migration is a key channel for promoting (inter)national trade, investment and other kinds of financial resources, and transferring technology, skills and knowledge. Our hypothesis is that these contemporary migrant communities have the potential to make important contributions to sustainable and inclusive growth, not only in their countries of origin but also in the African countries where they settle. To assess whether and how such benefits may be occurring we will undertake research in 4 African countries - Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, and Mozambique - that are on the OECD DAC list. This will examine a range of contemporary migrant groups (including European, emerging power, African diaspora, intra-African, and internal) and examine those channels through which they may contribute to inclusive growth in Africa. The sectoral focus will be manufacturing, IT and services since these are sectors where African participation has a higher potential for more inclusive growth. The outcomes will be a more robust sense of the value of inclusive growth as an analytical concept alongside the first multi-country comparative study of contemporary migrant communities on the continent. The project is also fundamentally concerned with re-shaping policy and practice to support more inclusive growth. It arises out of an ESRC GCRF Network grant that has cemented a strong network of migration researchers with national, continental and international expertise and policy reach. They are the African Migration and Development Policy Centre (Kenya), Network for Migration Research on Africa (Nigeria), The Centre for Migration Studies, Univ. of Ghana and The Centre for Policy Analysis, Eduardo Mondlane Univ. (Mozambique). The current network has engaged, through national workshops, with policy-makers, researchers and migrant businesses to identify learning needs and knowledge gaps. This co-design process informs the current bid and its impact activities. Policy-makers will benefit from improved information about the nature of these new migrant business communities, as well as through capacity building to help officials understand the issues and data sources better. We will also deliver training to African journalists so they can report on migration issues more effectively. Our African co-Is have delivered similar training to officials and journalists on a small scale but this project offers the opportunity to scale this up. Business people from the four African and the migrants' source countries will benefit through networking events organised by local business associations. The general public will benefit from better-informed debate about the costs and benefits of migration. Academics across a range of disciplines will benefit from new knowledge of the nature of these flows and impacts, as well as a wider venture of rethinking debates on the role of 'Southern' actors in international development. COVID-19 The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL THE OPEN UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 137351.93 291790.52 277563.46 65750.91 65750.91 72819.77 73241.87 73241.87 73241.87 72653.39 72653.39 72653.39 64698.54 706705.92 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S000941_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Achieving energy access for all is a UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) in itself, and directly facilitates the SDGs of sustainable industrialisation, sustainable cities and communities, and reducing inequality. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the most energy-deprived region in the world, arguably constitutes the greatest obstacle for realising these goals. An estimated 700 million people in SSA - the majority of them in rural areas -lack electricity access, a number that is only expected to rise as the continent's rural population growth outpaces capacity growth. The three SDG dimensions of achieving energy access - affordability, reliability and sustainability - each stand in stark contrast to the status quo: while the cost of electricity in SSA can be orders of magnitude higher than in industrialised countries, blackouts are frequent, and less than a quarter of energy supply comes from renewable sources. Energy poverty has impaired SSA's economic development since its independence in the 1960s, indicating that new approaches are urgently required. Given the extent of rural energy poverty, limited rural purchasing power and logistical difficulties, innovative, locally driven business models for the renewable energy sector are required to achieve comprehensive rural electrification in SSA. In particular, rapidly falling system costs have made renewable off-grid solutions the cheapest and cleanest option in many remote areas. However, three main issues have prevented sustainable electrification: difficulties in attracting international investment to small-scale renewables; inconsistent and often opaque regulatory and institutional frameworks; and a failure to include local communities, i.e. customers, in planning. Research to date is alarmingly scarce in all three of these areas in SSA. This interdisciplinary research therefore aims to design integrated, actionable and transferable development strategies for the local renewable energy sector capable of delivering comprehensive, sustainable rural electrification in SSA. Echoing the GCRF call's sentiment, we believe that the way to unlock this potential is via scaling up small to medium-sized innovative business models, institutional reforms and social inclusion strategies. The research pursues three mutually reinforcing areas of inquiry: suitable business models for a competitive local renewable electrification industry; optimal institutional arrangements to facilitate the development of the industry; and enabling community involvement, especially in rural areas. We deploy a comparative country case study approach, focusing on the contrasting situations of Uganda and Zambia, in order to increase the generalizability of our findings for other countries in SSA. The proposed project is deeply committed to deliver impact beyond academia. Identifying current barriers to scaling rural electrification and developing solutions to overcome them can only be successfully achieved through including local business, public sector and communal stakeholders. These stakeholder groups - including Uganda's and Zambia's regulatory and legislative bodies, local businesses, and civil society - will therefore be repeatedly engaged throughout and, where possible, beyond the project. We will use several channels to implement our results: practitioner reports targeted at African renewable energy SMEs and energy regulators; the development and implementation of innovative business models, including novel financing and revenue schemes developed with community input; a digital SME renewable energy network where different companies in SSA can directly engage with one another; workshops to convene all stakeholder groups; private one-to-one meetings with public sector representatives; and research seminars at local universities to train future decision-makers. Given our focus on a local, African-owned and -run industry, we also foresee further benefits for local employment and knowledge creation. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 224918.06 338288 92219.04 92219.04 113369.94 112459.03 112459.03 112459.03 112459.03 676575.9 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S000976_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Refugees experience elevated rates of mental health difficulties including depression and post-traumatic stress disorder*1,2,3. Refugees face a wide-range of daily stressors (e.g. lack of access to basic resources, lack of safety and security, risk of family violence) that impact on mental health*4. Guidelines exist for delivering psychosocial support in emergency situations*5, but contention remains about which approaches are most effective, and whether these interventions can be delivered at sufficient scale*6. An absence of highly-skilled professionals means that the 'task-sharing' of roles to lay people is required*7. Community-based approaches offer promise for treating common mental disorders, are socially acceptable, and can decrease pressure on primary healthcare*8,9. Conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo has led to large numbers of Congolese refugees in Rwanda and Uganda. Community-based Sociotherapy (CBS) has been delivered to over 20,000 people in Rwanda since 2005 to promote community connections and individual wellbeing after the genocide of 1994*10. CBS is delivered by lay-facilitators over fifteen weekly 3-hour group sessions. The WHO described CBS as an approach that uses 'the interactions between individuals and their social environment to facilitate the re-establishment of values, norms, and relationships...and at the same time provide the opportunity for debate, the sharing of experiences and coping mechanisms'*11, Compared with usual care, CBS resulted in significantly increased civic participation and significantly decreased distress in conflict-affected people in Rwanda at 8 months follow-up*12. The UNHCR has noted the potential of CBS for refugees*13, but it has not yet been evaluated in these populations. The project will use a mix of disciplines to: 1) adapt CBS and assessment measures for use with Congolese refugees in Rwanda and Uganda; 2) investigate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of adapted CBS (aCBS) for reducing depressive symptoms in Congolese refugees, and determine whether changes in levels of social capital and daily stressors are integral to changes in depressive symptoms; 3) develop implementation guidance for adapting and disseminating aCBS for refugees across diverse settings in conjunction with the UNHCR. In the first phase, the Design, Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation (DIME) approach*14 (which utilises key informant interviews and focus groups) will be used to adapt assessment measures and aCBS content. Then a 2-arm cluster randomised controlled trial (with pilot phase) will compare aCBS to an enhanced care as usual (i.e. training for NGO workers in mental health guidelines and reviewing referral pahways). Adult Congolese refugees (apart from those with complex mental health difficulties, active suicidal ideation and/or intellectual disabilities) will be eligible to participate. This will avoid the risk of participants being stigmatised by the use of mental health labels. Analyses will take account of levels of depressive symptoms (PHQ-9*15), and whether they meet criteria for a depression on the Mini-Internal Neuropsychiatric Interview Depression Module (MINI*16) at baseline. A total of 720 participants will be recruited; 360 per study arm. Assessed outcomes will include levels of distress (SRQ-2018*17), functioning (WHOQoL-BREF*18), social capital (SASCAT*19), wellbeing (WHO-5*20), daily stressors (CDES*21), and Trauma Events Inventory*21. Participants will be assessed at baseline, 16- and 32-weeks post-baseline. A TSC/DMC will monitor the trial. The cost-effectiveness of aCBS will be evaluated. A 'process evaluation'*22 based on Normalisation Process Theory (www.normalizationprocess.org) will be undertaken to explore factors that facilitate and impede engagement with aCBS. A project webpage, Twitter account, briefings, knowledge exchange events, conference presentations and academic papers will disseminate project findings and influence decision makers. COVID-19 The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Eatern Africa, regional 199791.59 399860.32 320754.34 49843.89 88120.27 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 49843.00 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 49843.89 108344.42 106204.96 106204.96 106204.96 98412.28 97621.54 97621.54 105351.61 94439.98 1008526.51 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S001352_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The return of industrial policy to many African countries over the past decade has been accompanied by increased focus on promoting agro-processing, the value-adding activities for food between harvest and final consumption. This is because agro-processing is widely recognised among academics and policymakers as having exceptionally high potential to propel inclusive industrial growth which creates jobs and relieves poverty. Agro-processing is generally a high labour-intensity and low technology-intensity entry point to industrial activity, and therefore provides an opportunity for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to enter industrial activities. It also has strong links to primary agricultural production which supports the livelihoods of many of the poorest people in developing countries. Harnessing agro-processing is additionally important at present because demand for processed food is soaring across sub-Saharan Africa. However, creating inclusive value chains which integrate small producers and enable them to seize this opportunity is a difficult policy challenge. SMEs often face high barriers to entry, or lack the technological capabilities to deliver goods with the quality, speed and reliability demanded by new urban retailers like supermarkets. This research seeks to address this challenge and produce new insights which help improve industrial policy for agro processing. Specifically, it will investigate how governments can foster the inclusion of SMEs in food value chains and help them upgrade their technological capabilities. It does so using a contrasting case study method to examine the political economy of agro-processing value chains for maize milling, citrus fruit and dairy products in South Africa and Tanzania. The stark differences between these two very different contexts for agro-processing has the potential to generate unique insights into the political economy constraints on inclusive industrialization. The aims of this research are threefold: first, to describe and contrast the institutional features that determine innovation and inclusion in agro-processing in Tanzania and South Africa. Second, to develop a comparative political economy of agro-processing that explains the challenges to promoting SME capabilities through targeted industrial policies, and third, to distil policy-relevant implications to support industrial policy formulation at the national and regional level. The project is an inter-disciplinary collaboration between researchers the University of Edinburgh's Centre of African Studies (CAS), the Tanzanian think-tank the Economic and Social Research Foundation (ESRF) and the Centre for Competition, Regulation and Economic Development (CCRED) at the University of Johannesburg. The researchers will fulfill the aims with in-depth research on citrus, maize and dairy value chains in both countries. This will involve surveys of SME agro-processing firms and interviews with key informants in government, the private sector and civil society. This will draw on the team's interdisciplinary theoretical and methodological expertise from political economy, economics and science and technology studies. The research will contribute to improving agro-processing industrial policy initiatives in South Africa and Tanzania by providing evidence on how governments can best support the inclusion and technological upgrading of agro-processing SMEs. Its academic outputs will advance a growing body of sholarship on the political economy of industrial policy and firm-level technological capabilities in developing countries. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 72853.75 292005.12 220331.63 -8048.79 73443.89 73443.87 73443.87 73443.87 72853.75 72853.75 72853.75 72853.75 585190.5 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S004246_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY A new approach to vocational education and training (VET) in Africa is needed to address the insights of Agenda 2030 that development cannot have meaning without concentrated attention on overturning complex disadvantage and securing environmental sustainability, as well as on economic growth and employment. Since the African independence wave began 60 years ago, VET in Africa has gone through three phases, reflecting wider development orthodoxies of modernisation, basic needs and neoliberalism. With a new UNESCO VET vision and the SDGs, it is time to look at what a fourth phase of African VET theory and practice might look like that can address not just economic considerations but also issues of equity/inclusion and environmental sustainability. To do this we draw on three main theoretical traditions: i) a political economy of development approach that combines learning from evolutionary, institutional and complexity economics with the existing political economy of skills tradition; ii) a new wave of human development and capabilities research that combines the capabilities approach with critical sociological traditions and applies this to VET; iii) accounts of skills development for sustainable development that emphasise the need for pro-poor and community-owned approaches to green skills. The fourth part of our thinking toolkit is provided by the methodological approach of realist evaluation, focused on how to ascertain what different stakeholders think works (and doesn't work) in each case study setting, when, where and why, and for whom. We will use these four parts of our toolkit to examine four case studies: 1. Uganda - attempts to build local skills and employment into a major oil and gas project (Hoima) 2. Uganda - youth-entrepreneurship and community development in a post-conflict setting (Gulu) 3. South Africa - major infrastructure development initiative in Durban as part of larger ambitions regarding an economic corridor from the port to the industrial heartland of Gauteng 4. South Africa - rural, community-driven green skills (E Cape) These provide a range of contexts in which skills development takes place within complex skills and work ecosystems. These include massive infrastructure projects, both urban and rural; green skills initiatives alongside continued developments in extractives; and small community projects, including in post-conflict contexts. They also all have important and complex dynamics of gender and economic inequality. We will answer four research questions: 1. Is there evidence that different emergent approaches to skills for development in Africa are viable, both at the project level and, potentially, at larger scale? 2. What do different stakeholders think works (and doesn't work) in such initiatives, when, where and why, and for whom? 3. To what extent do the different interventions offer a fruitful approach for promoting decent work and sustainable livelihoods for all, with a particular emphasis on meeting the needs of those facing multiple forms of disadvantage? What enables and/or constrains this? 4. Are skills interventions such as these capable of overcoming the old productivist approach so as to address the rising challenges of environmental sustainability? By operating at both theoretical and applied levels across multiple cases, this research will make a significant contribution to addressing the grand challenge of successful VET reform. It will produce strong academic research, built through continuous engagement with stakeholders, that will be communicated in appropriate ways to academic, policy, practitioner and community audiences. This will enable the project team to offer new practical insights into how better to support VET system transformation through an ecosystem approach. This will result in new knowledge that can contribute to meeting the needs of the most marginalised, national development needs and the global SDG agenda. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 77813.77 311885.37 235332.18 56777.29000000001 136361.72 -79584.43 78444.06 78444.06 78444.06 78444.06 77813.77 77813.77 77813.77 77813.77 704110.47 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S005099_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Acknowledging the importance of mobilising Africa's young women into the labour-force, this research addresses the specific impediments presented by a highly gendered transport and travel arena and the implications this has for girls' and women's current/future access to meaningful work. Women of all ages are discriminated against, both with regard to access and use of transport (which affects their access to skills acquisition and employment across all sectors) and with reference to their employment within the transport sector itself. Relevant skills acquisition at an early age, for safely navigating transport and more equitably seeking employment is essential if they are to break through such barriers. We aim to understand and address these challenges through in-depth participatory research with young women of low socio-economic status in peripheral locations of Nigeria, South Africa and Tunisia (one city-region per country), including piloting of skills-based interventions. The research has three, interlinked strands: a)The User Strand comprises research into improving young women's use of transport to access training programmes and employment, built around the following questions: -What are the economic, social and infrastructural determinants of the transport ecology in which young women are located and how does it impact on their transport experiences and behaviours? -How is young women's physical access to meaningful work and associated skills building shaped by their travel potential and access to transport (i.e. especially travel safety and security for women resident in low income areas)? -What key skills do young women need if they are to travel safely to work and training opportunities (whether as pedestrians, as cyclists, or when negotiating public transport)? -How can appropriate safe travel skills training be provided? -What wider interventions are needed to support a safe travel skills programme [e.g. from government, transport unions, NGOs, private sector] i.e. with reference to the multiple layers of political, economic and socio-cultural decision-making processes? b)The Employment Strand comprises research into improving women's access to skills (e.g. commercial driving, vehicle repair/ maintenance) to enable them to obtain more meaningful employment within the transport sector, built around the following questions: - How have historical, social, political and economic legacies of planning and policy processes impacted on opportunities for women's employment in the transport sector? -How can young women's aspirations to work in this sector be expanded and enhanced? -What do young women perceive as the main barriers to skills acquisition and subsequent employment in the sector? -What skills training can be provided to enable young women to play a more prominent role in the sector? -What wider interventions are needed to support training programmes to improve women's employment in this sector [e.g. from government, unions, NGOs, the private sector] c)The Action Research Strand builds on User and Employment Strand findings. It will pilot transport-related skills training for young women, to improve their access to employment [both directly, through employment in the transport sector and indirectly, through travel safety skills to enable them to travel to diverse employment opportunities]. Ihere will be small pilot action research projects in each country: -One to assist women build skills as transport users [and thus access diverse employment opportunities within and beyond the transport sector] -Up to 3 to assist women build skills towards employment in the transport sector. Intensive monitoring and evaluation of this strand throughout its life will ensure key lessons are learned. Through this work we will produce gender-sensitive transport/travel skills guidance for govt, private sector, NGOs + academia at local, national + international levels. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL DURHAM UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Africa, regional 86182.88 345429.60000000003 348227.58 -50591.77 87584.7 86880.96 86880.96 86880.96 86880.96 86182.88 86182.88 86182.88 86182.88 779840.06 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T003731_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Where: SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), U (university), CoE (Centre of Excellence), CSES(Complex Social-Ecological System) & landscape/catchment/watershed: synonymous. The "Water for African SDGs" project will establish & develop the ARUA Water CoE as an effective, high-performance, hub & network of 8 African Universities' researchers & post graduate students. CoE research development will be based on understanding humans living on earth as the intricate coupling of society with the natural world - CSESs. We will forefront community engagement & knowledge sharing for sustainability. We will use research to catalyse change towards social and ecological justice and sustainability, paying attention to African community water and sanitation needs. The Water CoE has developed a systemic image of the SDGs as a planning, practice & evaluation tool. The image has SDG 6, Clean water & sanitation, at the centre, linking two primary water cycles: i) Water in a Catchment (rainfall, run-off, ground water recharge, evapo-transpiration, evaporation); & ii) Water Services - supply & sanitation (raw water from the natural resource, often in dams, pipes & pumps to water treatment works, treated potable water to households, waste water to treatment works & discharge into the natural resource). Several nodes place their water research in a climate change context (SDG 13), and acknowledge that water is integral to SDG 15 (life on land), 11 (sustainable cities & communities), & 12 (responsible consumption & production), Effective water resource management, supply and sanitation requires good water governance by strong institutions (SDG 16). The Water CoE itself embodies SDGs 17 (partnerships to reach goals), 4 (quality education) & 5 (gender equality). Each CoE node has strengths in different parts of these cycles. This project brings together strengths, so nodes can flexibly link & respond innovatively to research funding calls, & effectively apply research. Capacity-building, exchanges and mentorship will mainly be addressed through the development & delivery of a 3-day course by each node, to 14 participants from 3-5 other nodes. Participants will be doctoral students, early-, mid-career & established researchers. Nodes will host a course on their primary strength, nodes will co-develop courses out of secondary strengths. In Year 1, the hub (Rhodes U), will deliver a core foundation course to 3 delegates from each node (total 21), on Adaptive Integrated Water Resources Management (A-IWRM), including the CSES concept, transdisciplinarity and water governance. Node courses will run over Years 1 & 2, and an early identification of course areas is: Landscape restoration & catchment water use (Addis Ababa U, Ethiopia), hydrology, geohydrology & hydraulic regimes for IWRM (U Dar es Salaam, Tanzania), optimising benefit from dams (Cheikh Anta Dio U, Senegal), biodiversity, natural resource management, water-energy-food nexus (U Rwanda), urban water pollution (U Lagos, Nigeria), urban water quality design (U Cape Town, South Africa), & water in future cities (Makarere U, Uganda). Course days will include time to work on research proposals. In Year 3, activities will focus on grant applications and a Water CoE delegation attending a relevant international conference to present the outcomes of the whole project. Over the 3-year period, each node will have one opportunity to invite/visit an international specialist, & by the end of year 3 at least 3 collaborative research projects will be running, each progressing an SDG challenge-area. Spin-off companies in water & sanitation could be emerging, and each node will have community-based water and/or sanitation impact successes. At least 24 early career researchers and 24 doctoral students will be mentored through the CoE. We will demonstrate the clear emergence of an African water research cohort, addressing water-related SDGs, with positive outcomes and impact. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL RHODES UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 105635.76 202086.65999999997 50725.45 51547.25 821.80 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 205.46 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -9755.68 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 205.46 205.46 51136.33 50725.45 50725.45 50725.45 50317.88 50317.88 55317.88 50317.88 613718.68 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T003790_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The policies, strategies and programs introduced to address youth unemployment in Africa (e.g., entrepreneurial skills development, funding young farmers, counseling, investing in accelerators and incubators to support the launch of new businesses) are not working. In sub-Saharan Africa, 64.4 million youth lived in extreme or moderate poverty (less than $3.10 per day) in 2016. Nigeria's youth unemployment rate grew from 11.7% in 2014 to 36.5% in 2018 and youth unemployment rates in Egypt, Kenya and South Africa reached all-time highs in 2017. To design and implement programs that can effectively reduce youth unemployment in Africa, we need to increase the multi-disciplinary research capacity of African university professors, learn from countries that have successfully reduced youth unemployment, engage African youth in the process of identifying the core of the unemployment problem and approaches to solve it, and maintain databases that store and manage large amounts of digital information that is accurate and reliable. The goal of this project is to build significant research capacity across African universities to help reduce youth unemployment in African countries, starting with: Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, Egypt, Senegal and South Africa.The expected outcomes at the end of three years after project start are: i) One high-performing hub that has the capacity to raise external funds, form partnerships, explore entrepreneurial activities, attract excellent mentors worldwide, and anchor a research network across African universities; ii) 12 doctoral students and post-doctoral fellows and 13 faculty members distributed across African universities who can carry out research in how to reduce youth unemployment in Africa; and iii) Models, local best practices and reliable digital data that can be applied to reduce youth unemployment in Africa. To achieve its objectives, the project will carry out five major initiatives: i) Baseline assessment- establishes existing gaps that necessitate research investment; ii) Networking Events - hosts conferences, workshops and seminars; iii) international placement events to develop the capacity to reduce youth unemployed of all the individuals and organizations that are part of the hub-and-spokes network; iv) Research Labs - trains and mentors young academics from the six African countries to define problems, set objectives and priorities, conduct sound research, and identify solutions to high youth unemployment in Africa as well as work collaboratively; v) Infrastructure and Dissemination- documents and updates models, local best practices and digital databases that can be applied to design and implement policies, strategies and programs to reduce youth unemployment in Africa; and shares the reports produced and the digital data that is used and created by the project with all stakeholders. The project comprised of a team of experts drawn from universities in Five African countries (University of Lagos Nigeria, University of Ghana, University of Cape Town, South Africa, University of Nairobi Kenya, and The America University in Cairo, Egypt), three universities in the United Kingdom (Lancaster University, University of Strathclyde , Coventry University and University of Derby) and 2 in North America (Carleton University, Canada and University of Iowa, USA) The investment required is 600 thousand pounds. The funds will be invested in capacity building and networking (70%), scoping studies (20%) and administrative support (10%). This project responds to the urgent need for a multi-country strategic approach to address high youth unemployment rates in African countries. The project greatly benefits young career academics in different African countries because it provides a platform for them to build their research capacities in one or more of the nine focus areas of the ARUA, USD-CoE and the resources that can be leveraged to form partnerships and explore entrepreneurial opportunities The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Africa, regional 105765.48 202347.18 101581.7 102404.45999999999 51202.25 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -102419.76 51202.21 51202.25 50790.85 50790.85 50790.85 50790.85 50382.74 50382.74 55382.74 50382.74 614503.32 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T003804_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The project, titled 'African Research Network for Urbanization and Habitable Cities' aims at providing a strategic platform for developing research capacities in African Institutions to address the Sustainable Development Goals. Using a hub and spoke model that will see increased collaboration amongst African teams from diverse disciplines, the Network aligns closely with the focus of the ARUA-UKRI GRCF Partnership Programme for creating and strengthening African-African teams and networks. As the host of the ARUA Centre of Excellence on urbanization and habitable cities, the University of Lagos is the Network hub, providing administrative and research leadership. The pioneer spoke universities are: Federal University of Technology, Minna, Obafemi Awolowo University both in Nigeria; University of Ghana, University of Cape Town, South Africa; American International University (West African Campus), The Gambia; Sierra Leone Urban Research Centre of the Njala University, Sierra Leone, University of Zambia and Uganda Martyrs University, Uganda. This reflects partnership between Sub-Saharan African countries, ranking predominantly as Least Developed and Lower Middle Income Countries on the DAC-list. Another common feature among these countries is the negative impact of rapid urbanization on city forms, limiting productivity of residents and city competitiveness. This is the development challenge that the Network seeks to impact. Taking advantage of the existing work of its host Centre of Excellence which has eight multidisciplinary research clusters that uses knowledge co-production frameworks in research, advocacy and capacity building programmes, the Network will work within several disciplines required to create sustainable cities, bringing in policy makers, city authorities, businesses, civil society and community residents for impact. In addition, the Network will draw on existing relationships with academic researchers, research groups and organizations in UK institutions who have committed to supporting it. Interactions between the Africa-UK partners will create long term linkages that will lead to expanded knowledge, policy action and transfer for improving productivity, city competitiveness and economic prosperity, and therefore, national economy. The development of newer and stronger partnerships that will endure beyond this grant period is a core impact factor for the Network. Network activities include themed capacity building workshops to build skills in research, community engagement, policy engaged and business case development, research management, ethics and grant writing amongst others. Some of these will be offered on-line. Other activities are: masterclasses in specific knowledge areas, mandatory PhD colloquial in annual conferences, researcher exchange programs within the hub, spoke and UK universities to ensure mentoring and scoping studies to enable researchers (especially post-graduate and early careers) take part in research activities. Research and knowledge outcomes arising from this activity will be disseminated through development of tool-kits, policy guide-lines and policy briefs, working papers, journal articles, conference proceedings, information pieces, blogs, monographs, book of readings, book of chapters and most importantly, short messages on social media outlets. Local language dissemination, stakeholder co-production and engagement workshops would be strongly prioritized for activities impacting local communities. The activities of the Network will be led by the Principal Investigator/Centre Director, Professor T.G Nubi, a seasoned practicing academia who has a strong track record in research, mentoring, private-sector, policy and community engagement. His team will report to an Advisory Board that will oversee the activities of the network and review progress. Network Activities will be spread over 36 months with commencement in September 2019 The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 105810 202436.56 101626.56 102449.75 51224.87 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 17074.96 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 17074.96 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 17074.96 17074.96 17074.96 51224.87 50813.28 50813.28 50813.28 50813.28 50405.0 50405.0 55405.0 50405.0 614772.6 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T003820_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The ARUA Centre of Excellence in Climate and Development (ARUA-CD) tackles the triple challenge of enabling development that is equitable, resilient to existing and expected climate risks and impacts, and is low in carbon emissions such that African contributions to global warming is reduced. Essentially, ARUA-CD is a strategic, collaborative pan-African response to the climate and development challenges of the continent and the urgent knowledge and capacity needs required to address these. The community of professionals and researchers working on the complex interrelationships between climate change and development is relatively small throughout Africa. Greater expertise is needed to: (i) understand the climate and development challenges threatening the continent's current and future well-being; (ii) co-produce knowledge with society on how to respond to these new risks and challenges, and (iii) co-design, evaluate and sustain context-specific and culturally appropriate innovations and solutions that cut across the SDGs. African-led, engaged transdisciplinary research that spans local, national and transnational scales can help do this by providing the evidence and impetus required for effective climate change policies, strategies and actions that support societal innovation and adaptation to a new and uncertain future. The ARUA-CD consists of three core partners; the University of Cape Town (the African Climate and Development Initiative is the CoE Secretariat and Southern African regional hub), the University of Ghana (the Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies is the West African regional hub, and the University of Nairobi (the Institute for Climate Change and Adaptation is the East African regional hub). Each of these CoE members have extensive existing capacity, local and international networks and research and student teaching experience in climate change and development, which provides opportunities for synergy and interaction and a foundation on which to build. Each of the regional hubs reach out to other ARUA and non-ARUA universities in their region following a 'hub and spoke' model, with the Centre as a whole bringing these groups together in a pan-African community of practice. Through this, we envisage the ARUA-CD as a leader and source of inspiration for transformative solutions to the challenges of climate change and development in Africa. The activities described in this proposal all contribute to the core focus of the ARUA-CD, that is, building African capacity for climate and development challenges. Through successful implementation of these activities, this project aims to build capacity in Africa for comparative, engaged and transformative research that enhances decision-making; policy processes and science for impact, towards the goal of an equitable and climate resilient future. These activities build towards supporting capable and skilled African scholars and professionals in confronting the status quo and pursuing state-of-the-art solutions to the complex challenges posed by climate change in Africa. In the vision of improved training and capacity building, we hope to amplify and strengthen African voices in both regional and global platforms. The successful execution of this programme requires efforts in developing open and constructive partnerships with experts, decision-makers, practitioners and with well-targeted communities in order to identify research gaps, co-design projects, co-create knowledge and apply context-appropriate solutions. The activities are designed with the end goal of building a robust and inclusive network of higher education institutions and other partners working on climate change problems and solutions across Africa. COVID-19 The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 99610.36 205027.56 100417.2 101230.59 50615.29 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 25307.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 25307.65 25307.65 50615.29 50208.6 50208.6 55208.6 50208.6 49805.18 49805.18 49805.18 49805.18 607516.28 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T003871_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY African countries are confronted with a triple burden of malnutrition. This triple burden consists of (i) deficiency of macronutrients leading to malnutrition (ii) deficiency of micronutrients (iii) overweight and its associated diseases. Africa is also faced with the triple challenges of poverty, inequality and unemployment. A transformed agricultural and food system is thus a necessary condition for addressing this double-triple challenge. Achieving nutrition and food security in Africa is a complex and multi-faceted challenge, which requires novel approaches, evidence and new policy and institutional enabling environments. The ARUA Centre of Excellence in Food Security brings together ARUA members from East, West and Southern Africa, as well as a broader consortium of African and international partners (AFROFOODS, University of the Western Cape and Leeds University) working on food security research, policy and capacity development to exponentially increase the networks of each participating institution, and to maximise the translation of knowledge into impact at the grassroots and policy levels. It is intended that the network will bring research and academic excellence to the fore throughout the region, developing strong and viable research universities, offering postgraduate training to talented students, and sharing academic resources across universities on the continent. This project sets out to collaboratively build the capacities required across research and policy to tackle this multi-faceted challenge, and help avoid the policy paralysis that in some countries led to little or no progress towards addressing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The project team, which includes the University of Pretoria, University of Nairobi, the University of Ghana, Legon, the Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Policy Analysis Network (FANRPAN) and the Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in Agriculture (RUFORUM) incorporates expertise in agriculture, post-harvest losses, land use, food security, nutrition and health, rural livelihoods, and policy and institutional analysis. FANRPAN is a multi-stakeholder pan-African network whose mission is to build resilient food systems across Africa through the assessment and creation of food, agriculture and natural resources policies that are both evidence-based and developed in partnership with non-state actors. RUFORUM supports universities to address the important and largely unfulfilled role that universities play in contributing to the well-being of small-scale farmers and economic development of countries throughout the sub- Saharan Africa region. The consortium will address capacity building and policy development under 5 broad themes: (1) Building capacity in food security through different approaches, (2) Retaining nutrient quality through complementary interventions, (3) Building skills engaging with big data science through the lens of agriculture and food systems, (4) develop policies for optimal nutrition sensitive options, and (5) a high level colloquium. Work will be focused in three countries in Africa: Kenya and Ghana - which are low-income countries with varied farming systems - and South Africa, which is an upper middle income country. In each country, research and policy capacity will be built through collaborative partnerships across academic institutions, non-governmental organisations, policy makers and farmers. Through FANRPAN's inter-governmental policy expertise and platforms, we aim to generate lessons learned from our partner countries and disseminate these across Africa to contribute to capacity building and through the application of an appropriate model of evidence into policy in other African countries, and at the regional level. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 105779.76 202375.84 50798.04 90624.96 45312.48 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -145564.16 45312.48 45312.48 50798.04 50798.04 50798.04 50389.88 50389.88 55389.88 50389.88 614589.68 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T004215_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Seven of the world's 10 most unequal countries are located in Africa - this while the continent's population is bound to take a rapidly rising share of the world's population in the next 30 years. Understanding Africa's inequality dynamics is a key component of the international inequality puzzle. The establishment of the African Centre of Excellence for Inequality Research (ACEIR) directly addresses the analytical, empirical and data needs that are required for policy interventions and civil society action the tide against inequality. ACEIR's current partner universities are located in western, eastern and southern Africa. The Centre's launch research programme is aimed at improving the quality and accessibility of relevant data on inequalities in Africa. Equally as important, the ownership of local knowledge production on national and continental inequalities will underline the voice and agency vested in African scholars and research institutions. ACEIR's goal is to contribute to deep, multidimensional and interdisciplinary understandings of inequality in each country context, and a continental and global understanding of how inequalities can be overcome. Our approach includes building capacity for frontier data scholarship and the interpretation of analyses for policy. Textured country-level analyses of inequality that are also anchored in historical legacies of the political economy of African development is in the process of being undertaken. ACEIR researchers will link processes related to inequality within each country to international measurements such as the Sustainable Development Goals. The initial research programme sees researchers working with the national statistical offices to: - Use census, survey and administrative data to profile and map inequality and poverty; - Analyse the dynamics of poverty and inequality by using panel data; and - Use the evidence generated by a set of tax and social expenditure benefit incidence analyses as a platform for dialogue on strategies to overcome poverty and inequality. Each of the Centre's nodes are members of the African Research Universities Alliance (ARUA). ACEIR has its hub at the University of Cape Town (UCT), which also hosts the southern African node. The western and eastern nodes are hosted by the University of Ghana, Legon; and the University of Nairobi, respectively. The hub and each node are led by researchers of stature and who are well-established in the contemporary African and broader international inequality communities. This grant will facilitate connecting the Centre into these broad networks, including their own countries' statistical agencies. DataFirst, based at UCT, has over twenty years' experience in the curation and dissemination of data and is the only data service on the African continent to have achieved the CoreTrustSeal certification as a trusted repository. Over the last decade DataFirst has also developed a specific competence in the assessment of data quality issues and in the harmonisation of data. DataFirst will play a central role in the Centre's data preparation, harmonisation and training activities across the three nodes initially, with a longer term view to extending support to the Centre's other partners, including the current partnership with the University of Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire, and partnerships in the process of being explored, with Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia, and also Kenyatta University, Kenya. The Centre's establishment is supported by an initial start-up grant from the Agence Française de Développement (AFD) as part of the Research Facility on Inequality funded by the European Union, as well as awards from ARUA and each partner university. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Africa, regional 100810.08 207436.72 101626.64 102449.93 51224.91 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 17075.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 17075.00 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 17075.01 17075.01 17075.0 51224.91 50813.32 50813.32 55813.32 50813.32 50405.04 50405.04 50405.04 50405.04 614773.07 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T004959_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY We develop a new way to address educational disadvantage in rural Africa, through a collaboration between academics from Kenya, Zambia and the UK, teachers, families and community groups. The connection between home and school is key to sustainable education: (i) parents must recognise the school's priorities if they are to support their child's continuing education, (ii) teachers need to understand their pupils' home environment so they can build on positive home experiences and (iii) schools must build on children's existing skills and knowledge and fit with their goal of a successful life in their community. There is currently a serious disconnect between home and school in Africa and this is exacerbated in rural Kenya and Zambia by the predominance of non-local teachers who often don't speak pupils' native languages. We aim to connect home and school learning by targeting Early Childhood Education and Development programmes (ECDE; age 4 - 6). Unlike primary and secondary schools, ECDE centres recruit teachers from the local community. The relationship between parents and teachers is closest in ECDE settings, providing a crucial opportunity to build bridges between home and school. It is also a critical opportunity for mitigating early disadvantages for girls and empowering females in leadership roles since ECDE teachers are predominantly female. We prioritise language and nutrition as fundamental to all later learning, and aim to (i) identify positive practices in the home that benefit early language development and nutrition and (ii) to work together with ECDE teachers as researchers to empower them to develop teacher and parent networks to share best practice in school and at home. We target mealtimes for our observations of behaviour and language since they are a particularly rich time for social interaction, and the focus on eating gives an authentic setting for natural communication. Our objectives are (i) to measure home and school mealtime behaviour and language to identify practices that are most crucial for raising the quality of language children are exposed to (e.g., whether adults and children sit together; whether they have a television) (ii) to observe eating behaviours in the home, assess the extent to which girls' eat less food, or less nutritious foods, and identify practices that raise levels of female nutrition (e.g., girls may eat more if they share food as a family, rather than when girls and women eat separately) (iii) to work together with our teacher-researchers and community advisors to co-develop a teacher-network and parent outreach programme, based on evidence from objectives 1 and 2. The aim is to raise awareness and share practices that increase the quality of language children are exposed to at home and in school and raise levels of female nutrition, motivated by evidence of gender inequalities. Objective 3 will be achieved firstly by working together to identify key messages that are culturally appropriate and achievable (e.g., switch the TV off before eating at home; encourage teachers to sit together with pupils when eating in ECDE centres). Second, by working together in practitioner networks, guidance will be developed to inform a parent outreach programme to be shared with well-established groups in the community. The network will also provide a platform for teachers to conduct their own research, share research findings and discuss best practice. Importantly, it will provide a vital link to teachers in primary and secondary education, to develop continuity in children's education. Finally, the evidence base we provide through objectives 1 and 2, and the networks created in objective 3 provide a powerful basis for contributing to the development of the new ECDE curriculum in Kenya and to lobby for similar priorities in Zambia. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ASTON UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 71358.43 286011.69999999995 121781.41 384104.29000000004 8622.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 8621.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 72519.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 72519.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 72520.17 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -166545.70 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 239066.29 72519.0 72519.0 8621.99 8622.01 32601.0 71936.41 71936.41 71358.43 71358.43 71358.43 71358.43 863255.83 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T010487_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The governments of the World have agreed to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The first five goals are no poverty, zero hunger, good health and well-being, quality education and gender equality. The African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) is the leading independent, not-for-profit, Pan-African organisation, specialising in helping African governments to improve their policies and practices to meet the SDGs for children. This project builds upon a long-term partnership between the ACPF and the University of Bristol to make better use of available data to provide policymakers with the high-quality evidence they need to help meet the first five SDGs. Agenda 2063 is Africa's blueprint and master plan for transforming Africa into the global powerhouse of the future. It is the continent's strategic framework that aims to deliver on its goal for inclusive and sustainable development. This ambitious goal cannot be achieved without improvements in the lives of African Children. However, approximately 27 million African children suffer from stunting (low height for age), 16 million are underweight (low weight for age) and 8 million suffer from wasting (low weight for height). In 2016, only two-thirds of children in Africa had been vaccinated against diphtheria, tetanus and other serious childhood diseases. Similarly, about 7 million children in Eastern and Southern Africa and 8 million in West and Central Africa are likely to receive no pre-primary education in 2030 given the current slow rates of improvement (UNICEF 2018). The combination of poverty and inadequate nutrition, healthcare and education are amongst the most intractable development challenges faced by most countries in Africa (ACPF 2018). Gender discrimination is also a significant problem in Africa, and there remain many social, economic and cultural factors contributing to the disempowerment and discriminatory practices that disadvantage women and girls. There is a pressing need for systematic assessments on the nature and extent of gender discrimination in nutrition, healthcare and education in Africa over the past decade (2008-2018). This project will analyse relevant data about children's lives and circumstances using state-of-the-art quantitative and qualitative methods to explore 'what' changes there have been in child nutrition, healthcare and education during the past ten years in Africa, 'when' these changes are related to gender disparities and the availability and quality of child protection policies and services in each country, and 'where' children at sub-national level are at the greatest risk of being left behind. Outputs from this project will be published by ACPF in their forthcoming flagship report -- The African Report on Child Well-being 2020: How Friendly are African Governments towards the Girl Child? The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Africa, regional 52933.04 108485.95 28872.01 26680.9 26466.52 26466.52 26466.52 26466.52 161418.99 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T015446_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The Agenda 2030 of the UN sets out ambitious challenges for society to achieve 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While all SDGs are important in Africa, those related to poverty (SDG 1, 8), inequality (SDG 5, 10) and climate change (SDG 13, 7) are especially relevant. Africa has some of the highest global poverty rates, levels of inequality, climate vulnerabilities, and shortfalls in energy access. Making substantial progress on all these SDGs will require action in any single SDG domain that maximises synergies and co-benefits and avoids as much as possible negative trade-offs. Aims and Objectives: Our project's overarching research question is: How do African societies design and implement climate action to improve sustainable livelihoods, and reduce both poverty and inequality? For example, all African countries need to adapt their food systems to be more resilient to climate change, but there are different routes to achieving this - such as investing in large-scale industrialised agriculture or supporting small-scale farmers to be more climate smart - which can result in very different livelihood benefits across society. Our second objective is to build a network of African-UK researchers who can bring deep disciplinary expertise to bear on this interdisciplinary problem. In particular, our project brings together two newly-established ARUA Centres of Excellence (CoE) on climate change and inequalities, with world-leading expertise from the UK, to form this network and to work at the nexus of climate change, inequality and poverty. Our Approach: To address the climate-poverty-inequality nexus in Africa we have created an interdisciplinary research team with expertise in development economics, livelihoods, poverty and inequality, climate policy and governance, energy and mitigation, and adaptation. We will answer our research questions through comparative research across three country settings - Ghana, Kenya and South Africa - that will allow us to synthesise commonalities and differences across these different contexts. Our approach is multi-scale and multi-dimensional, seeking to understand i) the political, economic and policy context within which transformative climate actions are enabled (or prevented); ii) how socio-economic and climate change policies have affected livelihood trajectories of different groups in society; iii) the potential outcomes from climate change actions, with a focus on how these outcomes vary across social groups, especially between men and women, but also social differences such as education, income, and land tenure; iv) how existing climate actions are working (or not) to build sustainable livelihood trajectories for communities; v) understanding the country-wide social and economic benefits of different climate actions, when applied at scale. Our project will involve close collaboration with leaders in policy and practice, and also with communities, so that their needs and priorities inform our research, and so that our research in turn shifts their thinking and actions. Project Outcomes: - A well-established, pan-African research network that has multiple collaborations within this project, and in new projects leveraged out of this project. - Evidence on the synergies and trade-offs between climate action, poverty and inequality. - Evidence on how specific national priority climate actions can be designed to deliver co-benefits for livelihoods and reducing poverty and inequality. - Ultimately, climate policies and associated actions to be transformative in improving livelihoods and well-being, reducing poverty and inequality, rather than business as usual at national and global political levels. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 660843.6 325940.08 649145 162286.33 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 162286.33 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 162286.33 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 324572.34 162286.33 162286.33 160982.39 164957.69 168960.9 163960.9 163960.9 163960.9 1957893.46 GB-GOV-13-GCRF-ES-C-FD-2016ES-P003893-1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project examines the impact of EU strategies to discourage migration and return rejected asylum seekers back to Afghanistan. It asks how information from different sources about migration is gathered, sorted and evaluated by potential migrants and by their government. The study focuses on a country with a history and culture of migration during a period of increasing insecurity, severe and growing unemployment, and rapidly changing circumstances and policies, where migration is seen as both a solution and a problem. Afghanistan has been a source country for the largest number of forced migrants globally for the past four decades. The large scale returns from neighboring countries that followed the fall of the Taliban government have slowed significantly and outflows have continued. Over the past two years, migration has sharply increased in response to the resurgence of the Taliban and other insurgents following the withdrawal of international forces, a sharp contraction in the economy due to political uncertainty and growing insecurity, the acknowledgement by the President that the security forces could not protect individuals and the perception in summer 2015 that Europe had opened its borders to refugees. By the end of 2015, the governments of destination (and donor) countries responded with information campaigns seeking to reduce and or deflect the number of migrants heading in their direction, and warned the Afghan government that further aid would be contingent on cooperation in reducing out-migration and accepting forced returns (the EU's new 'more for more, and less for less' strategy). This is a challenge given a culture in which migration has traditionally been a survival strategy, a 'normal' response to crises, and given the flow of information from family members abroad largely encouraging departure. This study explores the pressures on both the Afghan policymakers and Afghan citizens. Both groups seek to make decisions in severely constrained circumstances, on the basis of competing, conflicting and imperfect information. The project has 3 work streams, developed in consultation with Afghan stakeholders: We seek to understand how and why different information sources (families, friends, agents, the media, governments) are validated while others are discounted by potential migrants; We will study Afghan migration policy-making with a focus on responses to pressures by destination/donor states to stop large scale emigration; We will explore representations of forced migration in Afghan popular culture (survival strategy, adventure, investment), which forms the backdrop to the above processes. As a country with a long history of forced migration in particular, we will consider whether popular culture 'normalises' migration and the opportunities and risks associated with it. We will gather popular poetry and songs in the two national languages that refer to migration, migrants and those left behind. The study is particularly important because it explores the response in Afghanistan to established (information campaigns) and new (more for more, less for less) strategies adopted by EU policy-makers in their drive to reduce migration from developing countries. Together with a team of Afghan researchers from the Social Sciences and the Arts, we will employ a range of methods (repeat interviews with potential migrants and with Afghan policy-makers over a period of 12 months, a textual analysis of popular culture [songs and poetry] leading to a filmed theatrical performance by Theatre students. This will be the first time that Afghan scholars have produced internationally excellent academic research on migration in Afghanistan in the national languages. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CITY, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Afghanistan 39773.73 119643.37000000001 37868.92 37868.92 40095.91 39773.73 39773.73 39773.73 GB-GOV-13-GCRF-ES-CIm-PD-2019ES-T004525-1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY For decades, the response by the international community to mass movements of people fleeing war or political persecution has been to provide humanitarian assistance in camps. Yet despite highly-charged debates on the negative impact of maintaining forcibly displaced people in often inhospitable and remote regions and dependent on humanitarian assistance, camps have continued to be a default response to new refugee crises. Camps are not, however, the choice of the majority of the world's displaced people, and estimates suggest that over 60% of refugees and half of internally displaced persons (IDPs) now live in towns and cities. Research, international policy discourse and local action have been slow to catch up. The experiences of urban refugees and IDPs, their understandings of well-being and self-reliance, and their contributions to host communities remain understudied. There is a critical need for evidence to inform innovative solutions to protracted displacement that support both the specific vulnerabilities of displaced people and the needs of the urban poor amongst whom they often live. With the ultimate goal of improving self-reliance, well-being and the productive livelihoods of refugees, returnees and IDPs this research examines the potential of an urban response to protracted displacement to assess how cities can foster displaced people's self-reliance and local integration, while benefitting host governments and communities. The research is the first large-scale study to compare experiences of displacement in cities and camps and provide evidenced analysis of the comparative outcomes for displaced people in these different settings. It focuses on four countries with large displaced populations: Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Jordan and Kenya, The ultimate goal is to improve the well-being and productive livelihoods of displaced people and to enable their full participation in urban life and contribution to host cities. The overall aims of the research are to: 1. Build an evidence base for national and local governments, humanitarian agencies and donors on the opportunities and challenges of hosting displaced people in camps vs. urban areas 2. Promote an assessment of current responses to urban protracted displacement, raising awareness of unmet need and the potential economic and social contributions of refugees and IDP for host cities 3. Build the capacity of municipal authorities, displaced people, organisations of the urban poor and other local actors to use participatory planning to develop innovative, inclusive solutions to forced displacement. The countries studied host some of the largest refugee and IDP populations in the world. All four countries rely on international aid to support the costs of the displaced - particularly those in camps who lack the right to work and whose freedom of movement may be limited. Three of the four countries are piloting the Comprehensive Refugee Response Framework, the UN's 2016 vision for managing forced displacement. Through partnership with displaced and host populations, and collaborations between international experts, operational actors, developing-country academics, local NGOs and affected communities, this research project will produce: an assessment of how an urban response can support a rights-based approach to local integration; guidance for municipal governments facing large influxes of people, and evidence to support international policy and decision-making on innovative solutions to protracted displacement. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 985315.8999999999 611997.97 1024836.6299999999 86958.19 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 86958.19 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 211701.78 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 211701.78 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 211701.61 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -389731.60 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 601433.07 211701.78 211701.78 86958.19 86958.19 174739.03 263342.56 263342.56 105425.33 105425.33 511122.68 2622150.5 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S000798_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project develops a dynamic Mediation Model for Sustainable Infrastructure Development (MMSID) to promote inclusive economic development and social welfare in the context of Chinese mega infrastructure initiatives in Mongolia, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. While large-scale infrastructure projects represent a key mechanism of economic growth and development, they also bring unintended and negative consequences to local populations and environments. These challenges can be compounded by specific regional contexts. This is the case in contemporary Asia where China's One Belt-One Road (OBOR), representing more than £1 trillion in investments, is set to transform societies, economies and landscapes through infrastructure megaprojects. Opaqueness in Chinese procurement rights points to the potential for resource contestation between current rural users and state-driven contracts. This contrasts with standards established by international funders such as IFC, World Bank, ADB and OECD. The speed and scale of OBOR investments present particular social and environmental challenges to China's neighbouring states of Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia and Tajikistan. This includes project siting, use of scarce resources such as water, and land degradation. In addition, these states have limited capacity of national government agencies, weak governance institutions, historically poor inclusion of local populations in development processes, fragile, dryland and mountain environments and the prevalence of Sinophobia. These challenges result in the need to foster trust, transparency and cooperation between stakeholders to maintain social cohesion and ensure inclusive economic development. The need to find a new path which combines economic growth and investment with social inclusion is pressing for political stability in the region. In collaboration with our 2 international Co-Is based in Mongolia and Central Asia, our project addresses these needs by scaling up a pioneering dispute resolution model developed in Mongolia's mining sector. Based on this local participation and stakeholder engagement experience in Mongolia, the MMSID will be replicable, scalable and applicable to other contexts and countries anticipating large-scale investment in. Our MMSID builds upon research by the Co-I and PDRA in 2016-2017 on complaints mediated by the World Bank's Compliance Advisor Ombudsman in response to conflict over land and water appropriation and degradation at the $12 billion Oyu Tolgoi Mine. This process was led by a multi-stakeholder engagement initiative - Tri-Partite Committee (TPC) - which consisted of local pastoralists, local government and mine management. TPC's success shows great potential to scale up Mongolia's example into a replicable model in Central Asia, where there is a cultural and political affinity to Mongolia. The MMSID will be developed through a mixed-methods and participatory action approach. Appropriate methods, field sites and impact activities, have been chosen with research partners. Beneficiaries include: rural residents, local and national government, business stakeholders, international agencies, development practitioners, local and international academics. The project's 6 stages incorporate focused impact activities aimed to build long-term partnerships alongside capacity building and outputs. MMSID will be applied and disseminated through publications, knowledge exchanges, communication platforms, research uptake activities and extensive interactive trainings. The project advances understanding of infrastructure-induced transformations, encourages effective local business engagement and stresses capacity building for development of more inclusive and robust institutional, legal and regulatory frameworks. Our proposal benefits from ten months of scoping work in Central Asia which ensured research feasibility and co-design of research aims with in-country partners and will foster immediate, effective development of MMSID. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Central Asia, regional 134224.32 269535.86000000004 271719.15 -2952.47 68203.83 68203.78 67655.77 67655.77 67655.77 67655.77 67112.16 67112.16 67112.16 67112.16 675479.33 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S001336_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Leave no one behind has been a key objective of the recently agreed UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As the poor, in particular the youth and women, are often being marginalised and excluded from market participation due to unequal access to education, resources and information, empowering and including these segments into the main stream market and income creation activities turns out to be an important imperative to achieve SDGs and build an inclusive society. This is important as developing countries are witnessing an upsurge of young people in rather inadequate labour market. While emerging digital technologies can become both an equaliser and a disruptive factor in labour markets, they can empower both women and youth. The decreasing cost of digital technology should thus foster and support new exchange mechanisms that will generate new models of value creation (Amit and Zott, 2012) and will lead business organisations towards network based systems (Dafe & Lewin, 1993; Dunbar & Starbuck, 2006). Many new digital technology-based business models have already been developed. These developments not only create new drivers for economic growth, but also lead to upgrading of capabilities of small business owners. Such increased capabilities will in turn enhance the welfare of the poor (Sen, 1999). However, there are a number of gaps to fill in order for this potential to fully materialise. (1) Most of the research focuses on the evaluation of the impact of technology on development. Little is known about the business models that are needed to transform the benefits of technology into jobs, income and a driver for growth for the poor (Seelos & Mair, 2007). (2) The existing studies mostly focus on e-trading businesses that sell products or services online, and normally require considerable initial capital investment to start the business. What type of new business model can help the poor to benefit from digital technology? This is an under-explored area for inclusive development. (3) Some research is available on how to use business models for digital innovations to support growth of new businesses and employment. How is it possible to design a business model to empower the poor who have no initial capital to benefit from technological progress is missing. What underlying institutional, regulatory and capability conditions are needed to ensure the success of such digital technology-based new business model? What role can the state and Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) play in this process? These questions will fill the significant gap and provide important policy and managerial implications. Drawing on inter-disciplinary research from technology, development studies and responsible business studies, this project aims to fill in the gap in the literature with an Inclusive Digital Model (IDMODEL) that will particularly include deprived youth and women. In particular, it will: 1) Develop, test and finalise a digital technology-based new business model which enables poor people to start a business based on their skills and experiences, while requiring minimum capital investment. 2) Evaluate the impact of this DT-based business model on jobs, income creation and capabilities building. 3) Analyse the underlying regulatory and capability conditions that are needed to ensure its success and scale up, and the possibility to replicate in other developing countries. 4) Examine how the state, MNEs and civil society can collaborate for inclusive development. The project will be supported by a multi-disciplinary team of researchers from the universities of Oxford and Birmingham, and collaborators in Bangladesh and China from both the private and public sectors. It will contribute to the literature by filling current gaps on technology, business model and inclusive development and its impact as well as producing novel datasets and robust empirical evidence to elaborate relevant policies for development. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Asia, regional 124453.77 267908.42000000004 176010.76 49880.33 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 49880.33 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -11421.00 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -11420.99 58986.22 58512.27 58512.27 67247.27 67247.27 66706.94 66706.94 66706.94 57746.83 618253.28 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T003294_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY URBE Latam addresses the implementation gap between sustainable development and equitable resilience. It will do so by using a transdisciplinary research approach aimed at empowering residents of disaster-prone urban poor neighbourhoods, which will underpin the co-production of enhanced, context-specific understandings of local risks and the integration of the resulting data into decision-making procedures in disaster risk reduction and sustainable development monitoring. The project is conducted by a highly skilled multi-disciplinary research team (including social sciences, engineering and physical sciences) and adopts a dialogic co-production approach to citizen-generated data which relies upon well-established partnerships with community-based initiatives for local development, education and disaster risk reduction in Rio de Janeiro and Medellin, as well as with governmental agencies involved in disaster risk reduction and local planning and development. URBE Latam proceeds in four integrated components that seek an enhanced understanding of risks, vulnerabilities and local capabilities in disaster-prone urban areas: first it is centred on the engagement of citizens to generate data to expand understandings of risks at the neighbourhood level; second, citizens engagement in risk will be pursued alongside an analysis of socio-spatial inequalities in resilience and development indicators and policies at city and national level; third, this will lead to the recalibration of environmental risk mapping with citizen-generated data; fourth, these components are articulated and integrated within a framework to facilitate dialogic transformations across the different levels and stakeholders involved. The process of advancing these outputs will further enable capacity development in local communities and the governments of Rio de Janeiro and Medellin; a process which will be augmented by improving the awareness of stakeholders in other Latin American cities and countries through broader dissemination. Insights from collaboratively produced citizen-generated data will be integrated into the practices of disaster risk management and development monitoring (e.g. SDG reporting) in collaboration with international policymaking agencies, thus enabling transformations towards more equitable disaster risk reduction and sustainable development. As an overarching outcome, the project will enable the transformation of practices, improve knowledge among a diverse range of stakeholders and enhance capacity to promote equitable resilience. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South America, regional 144601.38 299781.93999999994 438644.8 9974.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 9974.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 73694.51 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 73695.32 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 438644.8 -233706.13 35837.01 77590.29 77590.29 77590.29 72300.67 72300.69 72300.69 72300.69 894342.69 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S001417_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY There has been a 40% increase in the number of international migrants in less than two decades with 245 million international migrants on the move worldwide. The majority have their trajectory restricted within countries in the Global South. Increased border limitations into the Global North mean that the promise of humanitarian protection and assistance is also falling disproportionately on the stronger of the southern hemispheric countries that as yet have not the structures in place to respond to new arrivals. Simultaneously, public and private growth initiatives in the latter countries hinge on the availability of flexible labour for large, infrastructure projects The Brazilian Amazon region is a key example of an emergent migrant destination. Brazil's impressive economic performance in the first decade of the 21st century has been accompanied by a positive rhetoric towards immigrants and the rapid expansion of the local labour market. Subsequent movement across the vast border that straddles seven countries and eight Brazilian states has been constituted not just by more conventional Bolivian, Colombian, Paraguayan and Peruvian migrants, but large numbers of recent Venezuelan arrivals, Haitian, Senegalese and Congolese migrants who have arrived in Brazil following rejection from northern borders. They all try to make a living that is so far characterised by precarious status and resources so far. Hence new zones of humanitarian crisis are emerging throughout the rural and urban landscapes, and becoming so far poorly understood corridors of weakly regulated labour recruitment. Through these corridors, informal and formal relations and contracts are channelled and combined, and lead to a critical deficit in so-called decent work in the very sectors on which the 'building' of sustainable economies depends. The key to sustainable development as defined by the ILO is thus not fitting at all. This research explores increasingly dominant forms of employment regimes in the Global South where conventional distinctions between formal and informal work are over determined by local power relations. These relations are expressed in sectoral peculiarities for rapidly expanding infrastructure projects, and in the specificity of each individual's biographical trajectory. In key sectors of construction, energy and agroindustry, these new regimes depend upon, while sustaining, demand for flexible labour. Conventionally sourced from domestic migrant labour it is increasingly being recruited from the Amazonian frontier between Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela and the receiving country, Brazil. An interdisciplinary research team will use a participatory and transformative research agenda that aims to investigate: (i) how a deficit in regulation and enforcement between formal and informal actors is turning humanitarian corridors into zones of social crisis for migrants seeking employment; (ii) to what extent the experience of exploitative work and labour analogous to slavery (work endured under threat of penalty, is forced, trafficked or involuntarily indebted) is a product of a series of informal and formal contracts along the migrant journey from home to workplace, (ii) how migrant workers, through collective and active knowledge building, can transform inequitable power relations across a range of spatial and hierarchical nodes. The project seeks to understand the critical deficit in decent work from the perspective of those vulnerable workers most affected by current power inequalities across formal and informal recruitment and employment regimes to inform participatory intervention at a key juncture in Brazil's economic and social development. These migrants will be integral to the global workforce of 2030, particularly in emerging economies, yet in 2018 they remain peripheral to how this is discussed. This proposal take a significant step towards engaging peripheral migrant workers in transforming this reality. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Brazil 104651.1 210149.88 158675.44 50834.5 53176.65 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -13702.88 50834.5 53176.66 52749.39 52749.39 52749.39 52749.39 52325.55 52325.55 52325.55 52325.55 526653.07 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T005130_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Climate change is widely recognised as the most critical challenge of our age, with the recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report suggesting that to avoid devastating effects, the world must move entirely to renewables by 2050. This project aims to strengthen the contribution of universities in lower-income countries to addressing this challenge. The role of research and innovation in this task is widely acknowledged, and universities around the world are closely involved in the tasks of monitoring, interpreting and responding to the process and effects of global warming. Yet the broader role of universities in addressing the climate crisis is as yet under-researched. How do courses provided by universities address the question of climate change, and what forms of climate-related learning do students engage with on campus and beyond? What impacts do universities have on climate change through community engagement activities, in fostering public debate on the issue and in the way they embody the principles of sustainability in their own institutional forms? These roles of universities beyond knowledge production are critical in addressing climate change, given the deep social, political and economic roots of the crisis, and the need to engage with professional development, civic action and public awareness. At the same time, it is clear that despite the potentialities of universities in this regard, much more could be done. This is particularly the case in low and middle-income countries in which there is disproportionate impact of the most devastating effects of climate change. This project addresses these questions in the context of the higher education systems of Brazil, Fiji, Kenya and Mozambique. These countries have been selected on account of the vulnerability of their populations to climate-related disasters, but also because of the potentialities of their higher education systems for responding to the challenges, and in generating learning that can be utilised in other contexts. The countries have distinct features in relation to their culture, politics, economics and geography, as well as in their higher education systems, which will allow for significant possibilities of learning across the four countries and with the UK. The research will start with a survey of the state of play as regards universities' coverage of climate change issues within their teaching, research and community engagement. Participatory action research groups will then be created in 12 universities across the four countries, including representatives of students, lecturers, senior management and local communities. These groups will design, implement and monitor initiatives to address local challenges, in line with their own priorities. Interventions may include new modules for students, training workshops for local professionals working with environmental issues, community based projects on disaster preparedness, or developing a carbon neutral campus. The learning generated from these diverse experiences will contribute to theory building and understanding of the relationship between education and sustainable development, and of the role of higher education in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). There will be a strong emphasis on South-South collaboration and learning, and insights generated from interaction and comparison across high/middle/low income countries, between Anglophone and Lusophone higher education systems, and between Africa, the Pacific and Latin America. While most acknowledged that education has some role to play in achieving the SDGs, much closer attention is needed to the institutional forms and practices that are most conducive. This project grapples with this question in the context of four low and middle-income countries, with significant lessons for the broader global community. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 774944.2 500184.44999999995 582405.1699999999 114730.90 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 114730.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 157255.09 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 156407.74 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 143696.34 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -125044.62 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 268742.34 156407.74 157255.09 114730.99 114730.9 114731.0 155991.56 155991.56 154738.16 154738.16 309476.32 1857533.82 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S004319_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Globally, a majority of persons with disabilities are marginalised and excluded from equitable access to, and meaningful participation in, training and employment opportunities. As there is a significant relationship between disability, poverty, and inequality; supporting inclusive employment and community participation for persons with disabilities represents potential impact not just in the lives of persons with disabilities themselves, but also in their families, communities, societies, and national economies. As a low and middle-income country nestled in the Himalayas, Bhutan also has great economic and social challenges now and predicted into the future, with high youth unemployment in urban areas (23%) and the youth population expected to grow significantly. Access and participation to economic and community activities for youth with disabilities is limited in Bhutan, as members of this population are classified as 'economically inactive' and receive very little resource and assistance in areas such as school transition, skills and vocational training, access to credit, and inclusive employment. In response to these challenges in Bhutan, and around the world, in phase one of this project we propose to conduct a methodologically innovative and comprehensive survey of access and participation of youth with disabilities in the economy and community. Survey methods include: adapting currently validated survey and indicator instruments development at the University of Minnesota Institute on Community Integration (UMN ICI); conducting employer perspectives and attitudes surveys; conducting focus groups of nearly 200 community stakeholders; conducting case study profiles of youth with disabilities; using GIS spatial and network mapping to uncover social, community, and economic network and services; using micro-narrative quantitative spatial analysis facilitated by the groundbreaking SenseMaker software; and conducting a political economy assessment. This survey will lay the foundation of understanding in implementing phase two activities, which begins by implementing a bespoke Employment Assessment Toolkit, previously developed by the University of Birmingham. The Toolkit will provide person-centred planning and assessment, as well as an evaluative baseline, to support the following interventions: entrepreneurship and employment skills workshops for youth with disabilities, piloting three coordinator positions (Inclusive Employment Coordinator, Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment Coordinator, School Transition Coordinator), and piloting a microfinance grant scheme to support entrepreneurship and access to employment and skills training for youth with disabilities in Bhutan. Additionally, a group of 10 Bhutanese Inclusive Employment and School Transition Fellows - professionals working in and around this area in Bhutan - will be selected to participate in training at the UMN ICI. Through this project, we seek to understand the effectiveness, sustainability, and scalability of these interventions, and in their potential for transferability to other low and middle-income countries in South Asia and across the world. The last phase of the project will involve multifaceted impact evaluation of the interventions and project activities, as well as exciting impact activities. These impact activities include a South Asia Regional Summit on Skills and Economic Participation of Youth with Disabilities and a commissioned documentary film featuring the daily-lived experiences of youth with disabilities and the activities of this project. This film will be made by Bhutanese filmmakers and will employ youth with disabilities themselves as support crew. The film will be debuted in Bhutan, with distribution worldwide. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Bhutan 57706.64 231293.97999999998 233167.38999999998 -32408.44 58645.21 58174.06 58174.06 58174.06 58174.06 57706.64 57706.64 57706.64 57706.64 522168.01 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T004479_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project aims to help displaced people to access appropriate healthcare for long-term physical and mental health conditions associated with protracted displacement, conflict, and gendered violence. The category of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) receives a great deal of attention. However, there is limited research on how gendered violence, including violence relating to sexuality, is experienced in displacement contexts. There is also limited understanding of how gender, sexuality, and related violence affect access to healthcare, and how that can result in neglected chronic health conditions, particularly mental ill-health. Similarly, much attention is devoted to immediate healthcare needs following SGBV, but longer-term physical and mental health conditions are not adequately addressed. Displaced people face multiple barriers when seeking healthcare in protracted displacement settings, with the result that long-term health conditions are often misdiagnosed and mistreated or undiagnosed and untreated. This project examines access to care and the responsiveness of healthcare providers for displaced Congolese and Somalis in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Somali, Kenya, and South Africa. Eastern DRC and Somalia have both experienced long-term conflict and displacement since the early 1990s, leading to large populations of Internally Displaced People (IDPs) within these countries and large refugee populations across the region. Conflict and displacement in Eastern DRC and Somalia are characterised by high rates of sexual and gender-based violence, and victims are stigmatised through prevailing gender and sexual norms. Existing health research tends to focus on the immediate aftermath of violence rather than on long-term mental and physical health conditions. The project has eight field sites in four countries. The four IDP field sites are one formal camp and one informal settlement each in Eastern DRC and Somalia, both of which have weak health systems. The four refugee field sites are Congolese and Somali settlements in Kenya and South Africa, which have different health systems and different refugee laws and policies. The project brings together researchers and practitioners from international development, migration studies, gender studies, medical anthropology, public health and health policy, and medical sciences to undertake interdisciplinary empirical research in these protracted displacement contexts. Panzi Foundation (DRC) and War Trauma Foundation (Netherlands) will guide teams of researchers based at the University of Edinburgh (UK), the University of Kinshasa (DRC), the Somali Institute for Development and Research (Somalia), Amref International University (Kenya), and the University of Witwatersrand (South Africa). Project activities are designed to: 1) enhance the capacity of partner organisations; 2) support the inclusion of displaced people in healthcare systems; 3) foster international networks. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 741954.53 559397.73 1508326.95 55666.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 55666.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 296207.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 296207.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 296206.87 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -619703.68 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 915910.97 296207.99 296207.99 55666.99 55666.99 153766.0 294297.75 294297.75 447656.78 2809679.21 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P002501_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The shortage of organic resources in rural Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) for improving long term energy, food and water provision is one of the region's greatest challenges. The Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region in Ethiopia (SNNPR) provides an excellent case study for transdisciplinary research on how community sustainability and resilience might be improved by better use of organic resources. Organic resources are scarce, with seasonality causing significant variation in available water across the year, while diverse cultural norms and institutional arrangements, framing access to land, water and energy, emphasise that the success and impact of interventions depends on complex interactions between what science makes possible and how decisions are made by individuals and communities. In a Nexus Network grant, engagement with farmers, householders and policy makers from Halaba District and the wider SNNPR identified key Nexus challenges as complex, multi-dimensional and inter-connected. The interaction between the use of organic resources for energy, water and food in the region is dynamic, extremely complex and highly spatially variable. As elsewhere in SSA, most of the rural population use solid biomass for cooking and heating, with wood, dung and crop residues the main energy sources. However, these resources are also crucial to long term sustainable food production and water use. Dung and crop residues provide organic fertilisers that improve water holding capacity of the soil. Demands on organic wastes for fuel and livestock feed reduce the use of dung and crop residues as soil amendments, which reduces biomass production and organic inputs to the soil. Soil carbon loss and deforestation have also been a cause of significant soil erosion in Ethiopia, while many households have responded to diminishing biomass availability by planting fast growing and water hungry tree species on home plots, such as Eucalyptus, which negatively impact food production and potentially reduce groundwater availability. Governance arrangements which frame access to resources are also key. For example, traditional open animal grazing practices can determine the amount of crop residues retained in fields and undermine the maintenance of water harvesting structures. Shortage of organic resources also results from the difficulties faced by farmers in responding to changing (and increasingly erratic) seasons. Water scarcity in the typical extensive livestock system means that farmers spend significant periods away from the homestead, taking their livestock to water; this reduces time available for other activities. Lack of proximate water in the dry season (or throughout the year due to absence or breakdown of community pumps), impacts the time spent by household members (typically women and children) collecting water, and also affects school attendance. The spatial variability in organic resources, and formal and informal cultural norms and social institutions means that successful policy interventions need to be adapted to the specific local context. This requires appropriate locally specific scientific and socio-economic data, and engagement with policy makers and other stakeholders so that proposed solutions are jointly owned. This project will increase our understanding of the interactions between food, energy and water associated with organic resource use in this specific geographical and social context, and will help identify appropriate locally adapted solutions to improve community sustainability and resilience. This will provide a model for application of transdisciplinary Nexus thinking to improve policy design. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Ethiopia 39910.51 17432.96 17432.96 39910.51 150288.46 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_R008086_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The UK is world leading in the collection, curation, storage and analysis of complex social data, and UCL is one of a small number of UK Research Organisations with broad ranging capability in this area. This post seeks to harness and expand UK expertise through working in partnership with other Research Councils, in-country organisations (e.g. research organisations, UK Department for International Development, policy actors, communities and charities), international organisations (e.g. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the United Nations, World Bank, US National Institute of Aging) and existing investments (e.g. MRC's existing units, the Wellcome Trust and NIA's existing cohort studies in developing countries) to build capacity for data collection, research and analysis within and between countries and regions to enable better targeted development initiatives. There are three key elements to this post: 1. To develop a strategic understanding of the issues and opportunities offered by this research, and help plan and execute appropriate subsequent activities to strengthen capacity in this area. 2. To play an active role in CLOSER's UK activities through, for example, research activity, communication and impact or assistance with training and capacity building. 3. To carry out high-quality research based on quantitative analysis of longitudinal studies in a development context. The post holder and their GCRF work will be guided by, and report to, a small steering group of senior academics. They will be a member of the CLOSER team based at UCL's Institute of Education and will managed by CLOSER's Director, Professor Alison Park. Some overseas travel will be expected as part of the role. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 75607.53 101422.43 102243.93 8820.94 -16791.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 8820.94 25612.43 25612.43 25612.43 25406.64 25406.64 25406.64 25406.64 25202.51 25202.51 25202.51 25202.51 304.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P002617_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 80 percent of sub-Saharan households are estimated to rely on solid biomass as fuel for cooking. Worldwide, biomass fuel use is disproportionately rural. But in sub-Saharan Africa, the International Energy Agency estimates that 60 percent of urban dwellers use wood or wood-based products (charcoal). Biomass fuel use is linked to premature death from pollution, environmental problems of deforestation and emissions linked to climate change. Hence, the Sustainable Development Goal 7 promises to "ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all" by 2030. Policy initiatives have tended to take a siloed approach to this problem, targeting 'clean energy' from specific artefacts (improved cookstoves, biogas digesters) or cleaner fuels. In 2010, the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves set a target for take-up of cleaner stoves and fuels in a "100 million households by 2020". Yet, improved stove designs have been promoted since the late 1940s with limited success. Where biomass fuel has been considered within a wider nexus, a top-down approach has led to misleading assumptions. In the 1970s, fuelwood gathering was equated with deforestation; no consideration was given to whether rural dwellers managed the process in harmonious ways as social scientists discovered in some cases. Studies of local attitudes to policy-defined problems are now common, but results of structured questionnaires are open to question with poorer householders likely to feel constrained to answer in ways 'expected' of them. Qualitative researchers have highlighted unexpected findings from a more open-ended approach focusing on the tensions and harmonies constituting the daily hum of life in households. Three factors point to the value of a bottom-up nexus approach to biomass fuel policies. First, designers associate the stove with cooking food and aim to optimise the use of wood or charcoal. Yet, in practice, lighting, heating, water purification, food preparation, and food waste management are all potentially relevant. Rather than focus on 'clean energy' or even food, understanding how households manage the nexus between food, fuel and waste is important. Second, this nexus must be placed in the context of other household realities. Our previous work shows that the ability to adopt cleaner fuels/stoves is shaped by competing priorities, aspirations and constraints that cut across livelihoods, income and social structures (notably, gender). Third, policies targeting fuels (as opposed to stoves or digesters) would also benefit from a bottom-up perspective on the nexus between how fuel production and management, and the environment. For example, some charcoal producers contest that wood-clearing necessarily leads to deforestation. We will address these challenges by co-creating and disseminating a policy-relevant nexus-based understanding through a partnership between the University of Nottingham team leading the project and academics and stakeholders in West Africa. The research will focus on urban Ghana where there is a resurgence of policy interest in cleaner stoves and fuels. Our partners include the University of Ibadan, Ho Polytechnic, the Ghana Alliance for Clean Cookstoves (GHACCO) and Gyapa, a social enterprise working across the sustainable energy supply chain. We will explore a.) how householders view clean energy in relation to other aspects of resource management, and what their choices reveal about their priorities and aspirations; b.) how charcoal producers and retailers manage priorities of forest conservation, fuel-users and others along the supply chain; and c.) how insights from this analysis might be used to refine national- and global-level policies targeting cleaner stoves and fuels. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Ghana 13938.28 18432.510000000002 4494.23 13938.28 13938.28 55753.11 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T00441X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Women and young girls who are driven by necessity to leave their countries in Central and South America (often on basis of gendered threats such as sexual violence) face a range of gender-specific threats to their health and well-being both in the process of migrating and in the places of settlement that they reach. Sexual and reproductive health is a key component of social development and well-being that is particularly at risk in contexts of displacement (risks of rape and sexual assault, of sexual disease, of lack of contraception or sanitary materials are all features of processes of forced displacement in this region and elsewhere) and the ability of displaced women and girls to access and exercise their sexual and reproductive health rights faces a number of obstacles. These can range in the immediate local context from lack of awareness of rights or of the practical knowledge and skills to negotiate health systems on the part of displaced women and girls to the lack of capacity of local health services to address the needs of displaced females, where these immediate problems point to wider issues of national and regional health governance, of the need for effective planning for flexible responsiveness to crises of displacement that may become protracted and the fair sharing of responsibility for securing rights protection. This matters not only because securing these rights is integral to recognising the dignity of women and girls, but also because it is critical to enabling displaced women and girls to act as agents of development, as productive social and economic agents whose activities support the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. ReGHID will: - identify the sexual and reproductive health needs of women and adolescent girls displaced from Central America to Mexico and from Venezuela to Brazil and Colombia; - analyse the challenges that displaced women and girls face in relation to SRH; - assess the impact of displacement on local health systems in the area of SRH, noting the obligations of receiving and transit states to ensure that the human right to health for all is respected and protected; produce original primary data about gendered patterns of inequalities affecting access to and delivery of care in women and girls' SRH during displacement. It does so in order to propose human rights-based and deliverable responses addressing (a) the immediate and longer-term SRH needs of women and adolescent girls in displacement, including guidance, skills and information to equip them to articulate their SRHR; and (b) a responsive Comprehensive Healthcare Model as a policy solution to protect the SRHR of migrant women and girls in contexts of protracted displacement. To be able to do this work, the project has been co-designed, and will be cooperatively carried out, through a partnership between academics and major UN and NGO agencies from the fields of migration, displacement, aid and development. The project will be delivered by an interdisciplinary and international consortium that unites leading academics from health economics, political science, demography and social statistics, international development, human rights, gender studies, anthropology, migration and public health. Participants are drawn from leading research institutions in Central and South America region (Honduras, El Salvador, Brazil, Colombia and Mexico), the Universities of Southampton and York. It benefits from the participation of key regional intergovernmental and non-governmental organisations including the Council of Ministries of Health for Central America (COMISCA), the regional office of the International Organisation for Migrations (IOM), Medicos Sin Frontera (MSF, Mexico), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and FLACSO/Costa Rica. The consortium represents a unique balance of relevant research and policy experience The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET America, regional 166960.07 669192.65 337784.38 768190.96 38804.65 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 38804.67 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 160463.08 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 160463.08 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -305819.20 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -305819.20 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 458533.37 149194.51 160463.08 38804.67 38804.65 91862.62 168312.44 168312.44 166960.07 166960.07 166960.07 166960.07 1945647.58 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_N015665_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Sickle cell and thalassaemia, forms of inherited blood disorders (IBD), classified by the WHO under 'prevention and management of inherited birth defects', have recently been defined as an emergent global health crisis. The pattern of recessive inheritance implies that babies who inherit two copies of a mutant gene (from both parents) will have a serious blood disorder, needing long term treatment and care; while carriers who inherit only one copy will not have the disease. A much higher incidence poses significant healthcare challenges in low and middle income countries, especially sub-Saharan Africa and India. India is estimated to have the largest number of carriers of IBD in the world, around 42-45 million; where approximately 22,500- 37,000 babies with IBD are born each year. A significant proportion are born in households with little or no access to healthcare, especially in the rural, poor, marginalised ethnic and 'tribal' communities. Despite cheap diagnostic tests and treatments, including curative stem cell transplants, available across public and private sectors, only 5-10 percent of children receive optimal care in India. There is little research examining the social and ethical reverberations of carrier screening, especially of pregnant women, and the use of prenatal diagnosis and termination of affected foetuses, as preventive interventions as a means of 'prevention'. Further, it is imperative to examine how, given the widespread practice of sex selective abortions and poorly regulated markets, an appropriation of genetic technologies by state, public as well as private enterprise might further exacerbate existing structural inequalities related to ethnicity, caste, gender and disability. This 40 month long, Indian case-study will provide a comprehensive analysis of the social and ethical reverberations of policies and practices surrounding the treatment and 'prevention' of IBD, within the context of globalisation and the promise of genomics in reducing health inequities in the global South. The main aim of our research is to relate these global debates to local forms of engagement and therapeutic citizenship reflected in the practices of NGOs helping people (potentially) affected by these disorders in the rural, poor and marginalised communities. To contextualise our empirical work, we will first review literature from medical anthropology, sociology, global health policy and ethics to help refine the questions to be explored through a multi-sited ethnography. Fieldwork across four sites will involve main actor interviews, shadowing NGOs, community focus group discussions and practitioner interviews, as well as in-depth interviews with patients, carriers and two main carers in 80 households, from rural/semi urban poor areas and 10 households from a higher socio-economic, urban background. These households will be visited three times over 12-14 months. Researchers will use a topic guide for interviews on how IBD are recognised and treated, and decisions related to risk and long term care, and maintain health diaries for each family with a record of illnesses, health expenses and decisions related to health. The research will provide theoretical insights from medical anthropology/ sociology/ bioethics and the empirical findings to inform policy and practice on the far reaching social and ethical ramifications of the use of genomic technologies as a means of 'prevention' of recessive gene disorders in particular, and the intersections between genetics, ethnicity/ 'race', gender, kinship, disability and citizenship at a broader level across South Asia. Further, the project will provide methodological insights into a model of community engagement, where the local users and community organisations are intrinsic to the conception and execution of the research as well as the recommendations based on the research, to ensure that they have a stake and benefit from the dissemination plan. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 40310.66 161895.66 163207.04 81932.7 32860.55 32860.55 40966.35 40966.35 40966.35 40966.35 40637.17 40637.17 40637.17 40637.17 40310.66 40310.66 40310.66 527838.71 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_R010404_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project will directly benefit India, which is a lower-middle income ODA-eligible country. This research is directly relevant to the current development challenges of India because the coast is increasingly becoming a site of development not only in terms of urbanisation but also where manufacturing (industries) and service sector (IT and tourism) growth is situated. This is likely to have a significant impact on fishing communities who have historically been the prime occupiers of coastal land and users of the sea because it will mean that there will be competition for limited space. Existing evidence already suggests that fishing communities are being moved from coastal areas to make way for ‘development’ and that they are responding by multiple means, i.e. protests, legal challenges etc. This is taking place in a context where global warming and sea-level rise are also occurring posing another challenge to fishing communities. Our research will enhance understanding of coastal transformations in two states (Tamil Nadu on the east coast and Maharashtra on the west coast) and assess the trade-offs that exist when the coast is claimed by multiple actors. Development, including coastal development, is very much about winners and losers so we hope that our research could not only highlight this but also suggest ways in which development can be more inclusive and address issues of social welfare and ecological sustainability. The PI and a few Co-Is are based in India and have many years of prior experience researching similar coastal issues and undertaking impact studies. The collaborative cross-country design of the research project will also allow the Indian researchers to learn from the experiences of the European countries (UK, France, Norway and Slovenia). In these countries, coastal transformation of the sort we are researching in India has taken place to a large extent already. By learning from the experiences of European countries, we hope this will not only help us ask the relevant questions for our research but also allow us to make more informed choices about coastal development in India through deliberative and participatory processes that include fishers and solicit greater overall public participation. The primary purpose of the project is to assist policy-makers respond to emergent needs and priorities, and thus support and benefit coastal populations (fishers but others as well), often marginalised and subject to multiple risks and vulnerabilities, including from climate change. The project further seeks to empower fishing communities in India through sharing information about policies and practices, and providing them the tools to engage meaningfully in policy-making processes. Our interest in fishing communities in particular is because we feel economic development in India needs to be much more targeted at groups who have not benefited as much as others from India’s growth and development over the last six decades. The main concern we have is that in the process of the coast becoming a site of development for the manufacturing and service sectors fishers and other marginalized coastal communities would bear the brunt. A major output in the case of India, a DAC country, will be to collate all the data across work packages into a GIS-tool to visually characterize coastal transformation socio-spatially at the regional (district) and local levels. This will be an interactive, open access platform to better inform a range of stakeholders, in particular, civil society actors including fisher organisations. The project team will also share findings with policy makers to influence and to promote more inclusive growth that is cognizant of the needs of fisher communities who have inhabited the coast for a long time. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 22166.84 96970.28 97733.67 22527.39 25068.76 25068.76 25068.76 25068.76 24867.34 24867.34 22166.84 22166.84 284452.74 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_R010811_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The proposed research aims at appraising the inequalities in human condition that continue to blossom in our fast growing and increasingly globalized world, with a special focus on India and Europe. Europe and India are, in effect, two interesting environments in which to perform such an appraisal. Both are indeed major players in the globalized world to the production of which they contribute about 25%. Europe is made of mature economies with virtually zero extreme poverty (as defined by the income threshold of 1.7 US dollar a day in purchasing power parity) that exhibits modest yearly per capita growth and slow structural changes. India is by contrast a fast-growing developing country that concentrates one third of the world's extremely poor population and that is changing its social organization at an unprecedented pace. In so far as income and wealth inequality are concerned, the European countries are facing the challenge of sharing a mildly growing per capita GDP. By contrast, India faces the challenge of sharing the spectacular growth among the various segment of its population, including the extremely poor. But inequalities in income, consumption or wealth are by no means the only dimension by which individuals differ. Inequalities in variables such as health, education or access to decent housing are also extremely important in this perspective. So are the more subtle inequalities in social status, or the inequalities of opportunities that individuals coming from various groups are facing. Europe and India are interesting laboratories to analyze all these inequalities also because of the different attitude that their population seem to have with respect to these inequalities. The ethical acceptability of the different inequalities is an extremely important factor that seem to differ somewhat between India and Europe and, for that matter, even between European countries themselves. For example, there is a widespread view in European countries of protestant culture that income inequalities which result purely from a different exertion of effort are not ethically objectionable. This view seems to be less prevalent in countries of catholic culture. Similarly, India, with its still prevailing caste system, is often perceived as being more tolerant to inequalities in social status than Europe. The proposed research will make several contributions to our understanding of the inequalities in Europe in India. The first one will be to provide new tools for appraising some of these inequalities that are both easy to apply and based on clear ethical premises. Some of these tools concern inequalities in variables such as social status, education or access to a decent housing that can not be easily measured on a cardinal scale. For such variables, the conventional tools for measuring income or wealth inequalities can not be meaningfully applied. The research will also contribute to the design of tools for appraising inequalities in a multidimensional perspective that takes due account of the correlation that may exist between, say, income and health inequalities. As a last methodological contribution, the research will develop new criteria for appraising the inequality of opportunities between social groups. A second broad expected contribution of the research is to gather information about the individuals' attitudes to inequalities and to the policies used to reduce the adverse impact of these inequalities. This information will be collected by either questionnaire surveys or by experimental methods in which subjects are asked to take carefully designed decisions that reflect their attitude to inequalities. A third contribution of the research will be to evaluate some of the inequality-alleviating policies themselves. A last contribution of the research is to provide a more qualitative assessment of the impact of those inequalities on individual lives. A special focus will be put here on Nepal migrants and workers in large firms. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 28073.37 109398.3 100133.28 24598.71 25178.19 25178.19 25178.19 25178.19 28073.37 28073.37 28073.37 28073.37 311400.95 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_R010978_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Hope for the future, we contend, remain central to the political imaginations of socially excluded people. However, the relationship between hope, social exclusion and citizenship are poorly understood. Much of the existing literature primes scholars to infer that social exclusion spawns hopelessness, fear and mistrust. Policy analysts point to the paucity of 'aspirations' among the socially excluded as a key factor for the perpetuation of poverty and inequality. Against this literature, by underscoring 'the politics of hope' (Appadurai, 2013: 129) harboured by socially excluded people, the proposed research will provide insights into the ways in which they imagine their 'citizenship futures'. It seeks to analytically and empirically investigate the 'politics of hope' among socially excluded people. The project will achieve this by ethnographically documenting the political subjectivities of socially excluded people in the United Kingdom, France and the Indian State of Maharashtra and thereby uncovering the ensemble of interpretations, emotions and practices that constitute 'the politics of hope'. By examining the 'politics of hope', the project will deepen our understanding of the ways in which socially excluded people imagine their 'citizenship futures. It will do so by straddling disciplinary boundaries between the social sciences and the arts and humanities. Project objective: The central aim of this research project is to develop theoretically and empirically the concept of 'citizenship futures'. RQ1: What 'hopes' to socially excluded people harbour for their futures, in the context of the social relations of power to which they are subjected? RQ1 will be addressed through comparative ethnographies in London, Paris and Mumbai. RQ2: What institutional factors shape people's 'hopes' for the future? RQ2 will be addressed through a historical-institutionalist analysis of political narratives in the UK, France and the Indian State of Maharashtra. For the purpose of analysis, we propose to adapt Zipin et al (2015), whose research on education (drawing on Bourdieu and Appadurai) usefully theorise three ways in which hopes are constituted through social-cultural processes. Doxic hopes are 'dominant norms about worthy futures' circulating through media and policy discourse. Habituated hopes are embodied dispositions grounded in biographic-historical conditions (habitus). Emergent hope are 'future-tending impulses' 'emerging among young people as their lives apprehend the present-becoming-future'. The qualitative data will be systematically generated, answering the research questions as directly as possible. NVivo will be used to organise and share data (transcripts, field notes and other materials). The comparative approach proposed under the rubric of the project will make three further contributions to knowledge-production. One, by bringing the UK, France and India within a common frame of investigation and analysis, the project will blur the boundaries between such categories as 'developed' and 'developing' countries, 'Global North' and 'Global South', and other such binaries that hinder an appreciation of the shared problems faced by people across these scholarly silos. Second, by recruiting an India-based researcher to conduct ethnographic research on poverty in the UK, the project will contribute to emerging methodological discussions on 'reversing the gaze'. Third, by adopting a collaborative approach to ethnography, the project will encourage the collaboration of researchers across national contexts and their interlocutors in the production of ethnographic texts. The research will be conducted by a multidisciplinary team offering complementary expertise. The in-depth ethnography favoured by sociologists and anthropologists will be complemented by innovative historical-institutional analysis developed by political scientists. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF YORK Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 12240.19 64834.56999999999 56245.11 12439.28 12339.33 12339.33 19127.17 20258.48 20095.71 12240.19 12240.19 12240.19 145759.15 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_R011125_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project will contribute to our growing understanding of the structures, dynamics and processes through which people who are enduringly displaced succeed or fail to become part of European and Indian cities. Globally, forced displacement levels are hitting a record modern-day high. UNHCR reports 65.3 million people were displaced from their homes by conflict and persecution in 2015. Every minute, on average 24 people were forced to flee somewhere in the world, and these levels were four times higher than a decade prior. 2015 also marked a watershed moment in Europe, with hundreds of thousands of migrants and refugees arriving on its shores, after often perilous journeys. In India, cities grow rapidly, and continue to receive many people that are internally displaced due to agrarian crisis, conflict, development induced displacement and abject poverty. Protracted displacement is now chiefly an urban affair. Cities offer economic and social opportunities, however, they can also be places of rising inequalities, deprivation, isolation and exploitation. The flow of displaced groups quickens urbanisation, and may create (actual or perceived) competition for jobs, quality housing and limited essential services such as health and education. The UN Sustainable Development Goal 11 sets out the global ambition for inclusive, sustainable and secure cities, and the New Urban Agenda (2016) explicitly calls for inclusion of urban refugees within existing city structures. Yet, India and European cities' efforts to manage inflows often face populist backlashes. Greater understanding is hence needed of the ways in which people succeed or fail to make urban spaces into places of belonging, participation and wellbeing in conditions of scarcity and growing urban inequality. This will require attention to the placemaking processes and practices that structure refugees' and forced migrants' political, social and economic citizenship, access to livelihood opportunities, connections with existing communities and, ultimately, to define and achieve a 'right to the city'. This project offers new ways of cross-disciplinary thinking, methodological innovation and action. To this end, the project will adopt a mixed methods approach. Combining quantitative and qualitative social science techniques will provide a better understanding of research problems than either used alone. We will compare multiple case studies in each of the four countries - India, Finland, Norway and the UK - located in diverse urban settings, spanning from town to megacity. We will undertake key informant interviews, structured wellbeing surveys, and mapping of physical structures, features, form, functions and use of urban spaces. In addition, we will conduct policy analyses and stakeholder mappings to understand in what ways displaced groups' use of space for economic activity and leisure is enabled or restricted. We will also set up innovative Design Studios for architecture and design students to support the project through analysis, design of solutions and learning from their active engagement in fieldwork with senior researchers, and by pairing them up with social science students. As such, the project seeks to break down disciplinary boundaries between the social sciences and humanities; humanitarianism and development; urban planning, architecture and design; and the integration of creative and engaged research methods that better interrogate and allow for the expression of a wide range of knowledge and experiences. The study will provide important knowledge for policy-makers at all levels of urban governance, as well as in development agencies and NGO/CSOs, about what roles they can play to support (and not to impede) greater equity, reduced inequalities and wellbeing in cities. Finally, the project will actively seek to engage and inform the general public in India and Europe through targeted media activities and public exhibitions. COVID-19 The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 23618.59 96181.39 99979.65000000001 24002.77 25325.64 25325.62 25325.62 25325.62 23618.59 23618.59 23618.59 23618.59 291787.96 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S000542_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Operationalising Labour Rights: Access to Remedy at the Workplace. As economies grow and capital expands, conditions of employment for those who labour to create wealth remain poor in many industries and locations around the world. This is particularly the case in sectors such as the international garment sector, where the dispersion of labour intensive production along opaque value chains allows conditions at the workplace to be obscured from scrutiny. It is at this level that workers with low associational and structural power struggle to exert representational rights and defend their interests, while the lack of transparency within the global production network facilitates the perpetuation of abusive practices, the worst of which are all too often exposed by tragedy and loss of life, rather than audit. It is in this context that this research project seeks to illuminate local conditions against the backdrop of national and international forms of private and public regulation which fail in the absence of robust mechanisms of enforcement. The research will involve the systematic collection of data on workplace grievances and their outcomes from garment workers employed in factories in the city of Bangalore, south India. Research partners are identified in Bangalore, including a well-established civil-society organisation, Cividep-India (Cividep), and a small but growing women's grass roots union, the Garment Labour Union (GLU). A small amount of data on workplace grievances has already been collated in a short pilot study in 2016. In the present research project, we will compile a further, far more comprehensive bank of data on the nature and outcomes of workplace grievances. The collection of data will take place over a period of twenty-four months and will involve establishing communication with factory workers (away from the workplace), organising worker forums, and establishing a range of engagement activities, facilitated by local field workers, through Cividep, as a precursor to data collection from respondents. Cividep will manage and monitor the fieldwork and data input in India and fieldworkers will be members of GLU. All fieldworkers will be former garment workers, experienced in the conditions that prevail in the sector. The gender composition of fieldwork teams will reflect the gendered nature of factory workforces and the membership of GLU, which is generally around 80% female. The data on workplace grievances, their progress and outcomes will act as a foundation for a detailed understanding of the dynamics of workplace relations. Accordingly, the data will support us in theorising: 1. To what extent access to remedy is possible for the individual worker at the level of the workplace, and by what means. 2. To what extent it is possible to operationalise labour rights, including freedom of association, through dispute resolution at the level of the workplace. In addition to contributing to theory and knowledge of labour's place in global value chains and affording insight into the efficacy of social auditing and statutory regulation in academic debate, the project's requirements of systematic data collection and analysis holds potential for capacity building in the field. It will further develop and hone research skills necessary to advocacy and the delivery of impact with diverse audiences of academia, practitioners and policy makers. It will also provide data affording greater transparency in workplace relations and evidence to support lobbying for meaningful mechanisms of access to remedy at the workplace. The objectives of this study are therefore to provide a deeper theoretical understanding of the challenges involved in operationalising labour rights at the workplace at the base of a feminised labour-intensive supply chain, while also developing skills and capacity in local civil society, supporting its advocacy role and thereby strengthening its transnational relationships and status. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CARDIFF UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 84724.46 185414.17 186874.74 43051.34 48199.32 47812.04 47812.04 47812.04 47812.04 47427.86 42362.23 42362.23 42362.23 457013.37 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S004904_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Youth unemployment and underemployment is a pressing economic and political concern in several developing countries. In the Indian context, this is a particular concern because of the potential that India will not realise its demographic dividend (that is, the benefit of having a large population of working-age people within the total population) if a re-balancing of the economy and skills system is not undertaken to address skills gaps. The most recent Indian Labour Market conference (held in 2015) concluded that a significant number of young people were trapped in involuntary part-time, casual, temporary or seasonal work and lacked access to the kind of personal and professional development activities that could see them move into better and less precarious employment. Since 2003, there has been an increase in training provision by unregulated private sector providers which has contributed to a surplus in some skills and shortages in others, and this is now a critical policy issue. As a result, the Government of India (GoI) is taking a more interventionist role in shaping skills training provision and developing public-private partnerships with training providers and employers. The GoI has launched a number of skills training programmes for rural youths from poor families. Since 2012, it has spent around USD 868 million on such schemes. However, there is limited evidence on who participates in these programmes and their impact on development of personal and social capabilities. Consequently, it is difficult to assess their ability to link job creation to poverty alleviation and the development of a more inclusive society. Motivated by the lack of evidence and the importance given to such schemes in India's growth strategy, we propose to examine participation in and the impact of one of India's major and most prominent skills and job creation schemes, that is, the "Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushal Yojana" (DDU-GKY). Between January 2017 and January 2018, 113,329 young people took part in DDU-GKY training and 69,471 were placed in employment across 398 trades. There were 699 centres delivering training during this period. The programme has a clear mission to engage the most excluded groups and it is proposed that programme participants should include Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes (50%), minorities (15%), women (33%) and persons with disabilities (3%). We aim to identify the social factors that influence the ability of the DDU-GKY programme, and other similar programmes, to achieve social development and inclusion and to assess not only whether such programmes lead to sustained employment and higher earnings, but also whether they promote the development of the personal and social capabilities that are linked to employability skills and full engagement in society. Our aim is not to evaluate the overall DDU-GKY programme but to identify factors which will support its success, while simultaneously developing a broader definition of 'success', incorporating measures of social inclusion and employability or soft skills gain and the personal efficacy to employ these skills in the workplace and in wider society. The research also aims to establish the reasons why some groups who are eligible for training are particularly unlikely to register to take part in the programme and to compare skills gain amongst these groups with those who have participated in training. This project will take an innovative local capacity-building approach, and involves the UK research team working in partnership with local academics and training providers in developing quantitative and qualitative instruments. Longitudinal surveys and interviews with programme participants and a control group of eligible non-participants will be used, as well as interviews with training providers and employers in 2 contrasting states, Bihar and Jharkhand. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 41611.27 166782.13 125844.97 -51296.66 41948.33 41948.32 41948.32 41948.32 41611.27 41611.27 41611.27 41611.27 334238.37 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S015825_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Violence against women affects almost 1 in 3 women across the world, and many scholars claim that it has risen over the past 20 years. This violence takes various forms ranging from rape, intimate/domestic partner violence, including emotional, financial, and physical abuse, female infanticide, sex-selective abortion, forced trafficking, and sexual harassment. These forms of violence affect women in families, workplaces, police custody, educational institutions, and various public spaces. The field of study on violence against women is currently fragmented across disciplines such as criminology, public health, and demography. The data and methodology of a large number of influential studies tends to be based on surveys and big data, although qualitative studies are increasingly common. These studies have filled a crucial gap by highlighting risk factors such as alcoholism, abusive family history, poverty, lack of basic infrastructure among others. However, with few notable exceptions there is a paucity of studies that demonstrate the mechanisms that translate risk factors into actual acts of violence, that build comparisons across specific cases, and that situate both the presence of violence and responses to it, in national, regional and local histories of gender formation. Our research will push the frontiers of a 'second wave' of research on violence by moving in the direction of deeper and more complex theorising of violence, of its causes and motivating factors. The two urban cases Delhi that are the focus of this project - Delhi NCR (India) and Johannesburg (South Africa) - have acquired a reputation for very high levels of sexual violence, both private and public. As cities within countries undergoing rapid transition - post-apartheid liberalisation in South Africa, and state-led development to economic liberalisation and Hindu nationalism in India - gender relations and enactments of violence in these countries have multiple, inter-related causes that vary across caste, class, race, and region. We will ask whether and how factors such as racial or class inequality, poverty, or other environmental, contextual and historical factors make a difference to actual enactments of violence - sexual and interpersonal - against women. How does urban transformation affect gender relations, women's autonomy, and the perceived clash between 'tradition' and 'modernity'? To answer these questions requires time-consuming and painstaking qualitative research, with long-term immersion in the field. Such immersion will elicit the deeper mechanisms beneath correlating factors such as class and violence, and allow us to better understand whether and how poverty, racism or other structural factors enable violence in particular families, or individuals' lives, and furthermore to develop a better understanding of invisibilised middle-class gendered violence. To understand the complex dynamics of violence requires an appreciation of how these major transformations are manifested in everyday life, and why in these daily rhythms of life, violence against women becomes so prevalent. The innovation of this project is the use qualitative methodologies requiring immersion of the researchers in the daily life of specific neighbourhoods, while at the same time looking at how local and national state agencies and policies frame the problem of gendered violence. The the project will seek to compare the particular insights from the two cities, to draw broader conclusions about the effects of globalisation and urban transformation on gender relations and violence. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 117007.89 468979.31999999995 117955.65 117007.89 117007.89 117007.89 117007.89 1535372.51 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T003103_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The proposed multi-disciplinary project aims to making South Indian artisanal fishers' livelihoods more secure and sustainable by improving safety at sea. Bringing together these small-scale fishers with weather forecasters and government agencies, it will devise, test and promote effective means for the co-production and communication of accurate weather forecasts, thus increasing resilience of the fishers amidst a trend of extreme and hazardous weather conditions in a changing climate. Moreover, the project will devise an "action template" of practical methods and a road-map for co-producing and communicating accessible and effective weather forecasts to artisanal fishers elsewhere in India and beyond. It will also contribute to academic debates concerning: the understanding and response to environmental risks; the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in disseminating information and warnings to diverse and vulnerable populations; and the knowledge, practices and livelihoods of fishing communities in Asia. The main objective of the proposed project is to close the gap between what marine weather forecasters produce and disseminate, and what artisanal fishers recognize as relevant and actionable inputs for decision-making. Access to trusted and actionable forecasts helps fishers make informed decisions to go to sea or not under hazardous weather conditions, thus reducing risk of potentially life-threatening accidents at sea, diminishing the loss of gear and boats, and, more generally, building resilience against hazardous weather conditions. Such weather-resilient pathways will contribute to promoting more secure and sustainable livelihoods for artisanal fishers in India and elsewhere in the Global South. This project will be part of a larger effort called the Sussex Sustainability Research Programme (SSRP) to provide science relevant for implementing the SDGs in seventeen low and medium income countries. Drawing on the expertise of a multi-disciplinary research team--comprising anthropologists, geographers, atmospheric and marine scientists, and ICT and media experts - the proposed project combines complementary methodological approaches. It utilizes ethnographic methods to study the wider social, economic and cultural practices underpinning artisanal fishing, as well as to gauge fishers' forecast usage and uptake. It uses satellite and in-situ weather observations to gain insights into changing hazard patterns and forecast challenges, as well as to acquire the necessary data to co-produce area-specific weather forecasts with fishers, forecasters and other stakeholders. It will employ participatory approaches and technologies developed in the fields of human-computer interaction and ICT4D to co-produce and test effective, culturally appropriate communication platforms to disseminate weather forecast and provide feedback on the same. To account for variations in fishing techniques and technologies, and in the socio-economic organization of fishing, as well as different forms of social organization and cultural orientations the field-research will take place in three different fishing communities. These will be located, respectively, in Kanyakumari, Thiruvananthapuram and Kollam districts in South India, a stretch of coast with one of the densest concentrations of artisanal fishers in Asia, using diverse craft, gear and fishing methods in a geographically diverse setting. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 144976.42 291127.14 146150.72 14614.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 14615.07 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 14615.07 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -62156.16 43845.38 14614.99 14614.99 73075.36 218051.78 73075.36 72488.21 72488.21 582254.28 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T004118_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Children with a small vocabulary are at a disadvantage for all aspects of learning. Unless there is targeted support, children who start slow will continue to fall behind their language-rich peers. A powerful way to ensure all children are ready for learning, particularly in school, is to offer high quality oral language education early in a child's life. The power of early language intervention is supported by a large body of evidence showing a combined foundation of strong spoken language and listening comprehension cascading to reading and writing skills. However, little is known about the efficacy of oral language interventions in low- and middle-income countries where communities are often multilingual. We aim to address this gap in the literature through a mixed-methods study with children ages of 3-to-6 living in India and the Philippines. The study will examine oral language development under the particular complexities of multilingual urban poor settings. Research in these settings is of importance as there is reason to believe resources that spontaneously support children's language development may be under strain for the urban poor (e.g. reduced social networks, a new school language), making them a particularly vulnerable group for school failure. A co-developed project The proposed project was co-developed by multiple agencies. Government partners shared that a pressing systemic concern was the low literacy rates in primary schools. Community partners stressed the need for evidence on quality programs that will work in local schools and university partners echoed the need for a comprehensive program of research. We therefore propose to understand children's language development in-context and will test an intervention that could potentially better prepare children for primary school. The research sites will be Udupi district in India and Quezon City in the Philippines. Defining characteristics of these sites include the multiple languages around the child and a policy commitment to either mother-tongue or multilingual education. Hence, these contexts offer an opportunity to research a topic that is understudied in not just DAC countries but also internationally: children's oral language development and oral language intervention in a multilingual setting. Objectives and Outputs The primary objective of this research is to provide descriptive and causal evidence on quality (in early childhood development and pre-primary education) and readiness (for primary education) through three studies that aim to a) map opportunities and barriers to oral language development, b) validate assessments to track children's developing oral language and c) examine a targeted intervention delivered by teachers one year before entry into primary school. We will map opportunities and barriers by following thirty children over one day to record their language experiences, examining language knowledge of their conversation partners, and conducting an ethnographic inquiry of classes they attend. We will finetune fifteen assessments by analyzing 3000 data points on each test and, in a study with 800 children, evaluate a language intervention designed with teachers that draws upon folk tales and local narratives. This inter-disciplinary project will provide an approach to reach the Sustainable Development Goal of effective learning outcomes for all children by focusing on the language bedrock of early childhood learning. Outputs include evidence briefs for policy makers and open access toolkits for educators. Multiple bodies of data for the research community will expand the evidence-base in these contexts. These include a word bank, an archive of child language, a rich description of talk in the classroom, performance data and outcomes data. Taken together, the proposed research could potentially act as a catalyst for informed early childhood education in India, the Philippines, and other DAC countries. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Asia, regional 152387.99 617369.6900000001 225938.55 857706.8800000001 6300.33 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 6300.33 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 154866.67 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 154866.67 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -393106.79 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 547973.54 154866.67 154866.67 6300.33 6300.33 58059.73 155278.16 155278.16 154030.51 154030.51 154030.51 152387.99 1853403.11 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T005068_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project will investigate how far, and in what ways, gender may have an influence in the progress of students through higher education, graduation and progression into skilled employment in the STEM sector in India and Rwanda. This is important because science has a critical role in supporting global sustainable development that will not be realised unless it makes better use of the potential skills of women and girls. At present, girls and women are markedly under-represented in STEM areas both as students and in the workforce in most countries across the globe. At Higher Education level, only 35% of students enrolled in STEM studies internationally are women (UNESCO, 2017a). Addressing this problem is vital in ensuring equitable access to quality education and meaningful work, and is crucial for countries seeking to prioritise equitable economic development, speaking directly to UN SDGs 4, 5, and 6. Both our countries of focus, India and Rwanda, currently have a severe under-representation of women STEM students in HE, and in relation to the skilled workforce (WEF, 2018), and there is a limited amount of research in these countries, as in many global south contexts, on gender and STEM issues post-secondary school (for an overview see e.g. UNESCO, 2017a). What is particularly under-researched is the gendered journeys of students once they have accessed university, and beyond into skilled employment (UNESCO, 2017a, EGHE, 2018). Moreover, most lower and middle-income countries do not collect detailed disaggregated data to document access, retention, transfer/dropout, and successful graduation at HE level, especially by institution and discipline (see Chanana, 2007). Neither is there information on the onward journeys of students after they leave education Our research thus seeks to address these gaps. The project has been organised into 5 distinct work packages (WPs). WP1 involves secondary statistical data analysis of gendered patterns of HE participation and achievement, utilising available data in India and Rwanda, with UK data utilised for comparative purposes. WP2 involves largescale primary survey data with STEM students in both countries. WP3 comprises a range of in-depth qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews with three sets of participants in India and Rwanda: first-year STEM students and final year STEM students at a university in each country and employees in a key STEM employer in each country. All participants will be interviewed again a year later, to explore their experience over time, and for the second group, potential experiences of transition into employment. The team wished to acknowledge similar issues of under-representation according to gender in STEM in the UK, and also to contribute more equitably to the knowledge exchange between countries, hence WP4 involves secondary data analysis of a number of different, relevant qualitative/mixed method datasets in UK Data Service archives. Responsibility for impact activities will be shared equally between partner HEIs. Academic outputs will include at least 10 journal articles to be submitted to high impact journals in appropriate fields. Non-academic outputs will include the development of gender-sensitive virtual support 'toolkits' , developed in conjunction with student participants; and gender-sensitive CPD materials developed in conjunction with STEM academic and industry staff, tailored to appropriate national/regional contexts. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 84604.54 339103.45999999996 118431.84 456044.53 2037.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 2037.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 81750.04 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 81750.04 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 81750.06 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -210794.37 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 292544.45 81750.04 81750.04 2037.01 2037.01 29068.0 85289.82 85289.84 84604.54 84604.54 84604.54 84604.54 998184.37 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T010479_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The early childhood years are crucial to child development. Provision of quality early learning is a central focus of worldwide efforts to improve educational outcomes, and is specifically targeted in SDG 4.2. Empirical evidence globally, including in low and middle-income country contexts, demonstrates that programmes improving the quality of early childhood education (ECE) benefit not only children's cognitive and social skills, but also their longer-term education, health, and employment outcomes. Widespread adoption of ECE provision by governments in many LMICs reflects a growing recognition of these advantages. Yet how ECE policy directives relate to actual conditions on the ground, especially among children from the most disadvantaged households and in relation to numeracy, remains inadequately researched. Addressing this gap will help bridge the divide between the model forms of ECE provision that policies envisage and those that millions of children currently experience. Against this background, the project's overarching research question is: 'How do children's maths skills in the early primary grades reflect their early learning trajectories, and in what ways do these trajectories, in turn, reflect curriculum, educator, and parental expectations regarding children's learning in the early years?'. In order to answer this question, this study offers an innovative mixed-methods approach which draws on both qualitative and quantitative sources of secondary data that are of high quality, thus enabling sophisticated inferential statistical analysis to be embedded within a genuinely mixed-method research design. The research is structured by four sub-questions, which guide the analytical approach as follows: 1. What are the key policy and curricular expectations regarding the development of early numeracy in pre-primary and early primary grades? (Qualitative) This will comprise a mapping analysis of pre-primary and early primary math textbooks used in 3 states of India (Assam, Rajasthan and Telangana). 2. Are children in early years education (ages 4-8) reaching these expected numeracy levels, and how does this vary by (a) child gender, (b) home conditions, and (c) form of ECE (early childhood education) and school provision? (Quantitative) This will comprise descriptive statistical analysis of an early years learning assessment (combined with household, ECE-centre and primary-school questionnaires) of approximately 35,000 children aged 4-8 across rural India. 3. To what extent does early numeracy depend upon (a) earlier markers of pre-numeracy and cognitive development, (b) child gender, (c) home conditions, and (d) ECE/school trajectories? (Quantitative) This will comprise inferential statistical analysis of a longitudinal survey following 11,828 children of ages 4-8 in 3 states of India (Assam, Rajasthan and Telangana). 4. What are key gaps between the purpose and objectives of ECE as visualised by policy and curriculum on the one hand, and key stakeholders on the ground (i.e. parents and early years educators) on the other? (Qualitative) This will comprise analysis of transcripts from interviews with 180 parents and 39 early years educators (all of whom were also part of the longitudinal survey mentioned in question 3, above). The study findings will interest national and global practitioners, policy audiences and scholarly communities who are engaged with promoting high-quality early childhood education. The project will address SDG 4.2 and provide insights that support the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda's effort to Leave No-One Behind. Impact will be achieved in India and beyond by drawing on Pratham/ASER foundation's existing NGO and donor networks of influence, which extend to international donor agencies and the UN Global Education Monitoring Report team. Outputs will include an Evidence Brief, training workshops and materials for teachers, and two academic papers. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 52977.58 106384.23999999999 -36215.03 26703.31 26703.35 26488.79 26488.79 52977.58 159361.82 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T010576_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The project will contribute, both conceptually and empirically, to understanding the link between poverty, marginalisation and stigma on the one hand, and economic and health outcomes, on the other. There are two prongs to the project. First, working in collaboration with USHA Multipurpose Cooperative, it will construct a unique panel data set of 10,000+ sex workers in Kolkata, India by merging three existing data sets containing, respectively, financial information (savings accounts, loans obtained and repayment history of individual sex workers), health related data in 9 intervention sites in Kolkata alone (health seeking behaviour, regular check-ups, condom use, findings of the clinical examination and treatment received, lab investigations data on HIV and sexually transmitted diseases), (iii) contextual data collected through Self-regulatory Board [SRB] for all new entrants in sex work (including age [determined by Radiological examination], report of clinical examination, socio economic status, family background, reasons for choosing sex work and any underlying coercion forcing the entrant to choose sex work etc) and exposure to training provided by USHA. This novel data set will be used to examine how financial and health behaviour correlate with each other, how initial conditions (age, variations initial socio-economic status, family back ground, exposure to coercion) matters for the financial and health outcomes of sex workers over time. It will also enable an examination of the of how the contracts used by sex workers impact on their welfare. Being poor or marginalized often brings with it considerable stigma, which can greatly distort a person's self-image, resulting in a 'spoiled identity' (Goffman, 1963). As this author notes in his classic work on stigma, "[t]hose who have dealings with [the stigmatized individual] fail to accord him respect and regard ...; he echoes this denial by finding that some of his own attributes warrant it". In a randomized control trial (Ghosal et. al. 2019), the impact of a psychological intervention, "dreambuilding", pioneered by Durbar (the sex worker's collective which set up USHA) was evaluated. It was found that exposure to dream building resulted in significant improvements in participants' self-image, as well as their savings and preventive health choices. Additionally, changes in savings and health behaviour persist up to 15 and 21 months later respectively. In work partially funded by a IAA GCRF NGO DATA AWARD (ES/S501323/1), a data set for a sample for a sample of 600 women (300 of whom had been exposed to some form of dream building and 300 who hadn't) USHA systematically gathered existing records, going back to the past three years (after the initial fieldwork), of women belonging to the community of sex workers in Kolkata and elsewhere in West Bengal with a focus qualitative and quantitative evidence relating to outcomes by linking their existing data sets (the number of women exposed to dream building workshops, impact on psychological outcomes, what the women have done subsequently in terms of savings, housing, educational choices for their children, participation in various collective activities etc). The second prong of the project will, via novel quantitative modelling, merge and (re)analyse these two sets, together with the novel panel data set, to quantify the effects of exposure to dreambuilding on the welfare of sex workers over time The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 52164.59 109527.31 -42572.94 23886.47 28700.68 28470.08 28470.08 28470.08 23694.51 161691.9 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T010606_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY A pressing current concern in India is how the benefits of its high economic growth may be distributed equitably, leading to poverty alleviation, a reduction in inequalities between different groups in society and an increased economic participation resulting in further economic growth. However, it has become increasingly clear that India has experienced various difficulties in linking economic growth to these desirable outcomes and risks a significant stalling in economic development if these issues are not addressed. Key issue amongst these is the economic and social status of women in Indian society which affects their human capital development and participation in the labour market, particularly the formal labour market (Afridi et al., 2018; Klasen, 2017). Discussion has centred on the existing evidence of less economic opportunities for women, and increasing income of male members of households. However, the relevance of school to marriage or work transition and how it is affected by cultural norms have not been given much attention in the discussion. The proposed research will draw upon previous IAA NGO data funding received in 2018 which examined the NGO held data to understand the issue of child labour in India. This funding allowed the PI to develop links with the Indian NGO, Child Rights & You (CRY), and scope the existing data held by the organisation. This scoping exercise revealed that CRY held significant, underutilised data on adolescence, with a specific focus on girls' education. The research will use this quantitative and qualitative data, combined with other official data sources, to examine how three manifestations of gender inequality: crime against women as well as gender neutral crime; child marriage; and female school drop-out, are interlinked and together inhibit female labour market participation and prevent the realisation of the benefits this has for the Indian economy. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 37498.68 75301.07 -6775.44 18901.18 18901.21 18749.34 18749.34 37498.68 112799.74 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P002609_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The communities of Elgeyo-Marakwet, northwest Kenya reside across the ecological continuum of the temperate Cherangany Hills and arid Kerio Valley. Heavily reliant on the land-water-food nexus, they offer a well-studied example of resilience in the face of multiple environmental changes over the last 200 years (Davies and Moore 2016). Earlier research by the PI, CoI and team has focused on management of water through a network of built water channels used for agricultural and domestic purposes; the sophisticated management of agricultural soils through complex patterns of tenure and fallowing; management of botanic resources including diverse indigenous and imported crops; and the importance of forests which serve hydraulic functions and as reserves of gathered medicines and foodstuffs. However, recent work indicates growing apprehension of the impact of new ecological changes, including general concerns over climate change, as well as a shift towards water-intensive mono-cropping, the introduction of new crops, and the installation of piped-irrigation which is exacerbating unequal access to water resources. While these latter changes were meant to help mitigate food insecurity, research suggest that they may have had the opposite effect by increasing soil degradation, introducing unfamiliar weeds and crop diseases, and placing pressure on existing water sources. Related to this are concerns about the loss of traditional natural resource management, the loss of culturally valuable biodiversity, and the implications for food security. Compounding these tensions are land-use changes within the Cherangany Forest catchment, especially deforestation resulting from increased agricultural and pastoral activities. This has raised concerns of fertilizer runoff, land degradation, biodiversity loss, and decreased water quality and quantity across the upland-valley ecological continuum. There is pressing interest among local communities and the County government, to understand the implications of these new challenges and develop practical solutions. We focus on disentangling the complex and interdependent land-water-food nexus across the Cherangany Forest reserve and the semi-arid Kerio Valley. Using ethnography, interviews, botanic survey, aerial photography, GIS mapping and building on existing collaborative strengths, we will effect these aims along two axes: 1. Forest Management and 2. Agriculture. We will collate, review and extend existing data to understand the land-water-food nexus in relation to both historic and potential future environmental changes. We will also examine existing literature on regional climatic change and collate local weather station data to produce a practical understanding of how these key axes (forests and agriculture) have and may respond to climatic fluctuation. Production of more highly resolved analyses of potential climate induced impacts seems especially important since current predictions for Eastern Africa are spatially heterogeneous and often of low certainty. To produce localized and grounded knowledge for practical policy making we will partner with Elgeyo-Marakwet County Council, nearby Eldoret University (UOE), the Marakwet Research Station (MRS), British Institute in Eastern Africa (BIEA), National Museums of Kenya (NMK) and Kenya Forestry Service (KFS) to produce research to be directly incorporated into new county-level environmental and conservation planning. We have undertaken preliminary meetings with County officials and established MOU's with UOE and MRS. This work will advance longer-term goals of developing local research capacity, encouraging appropriate resource management, and devising policy frameworks that track and address emerging climate change and other ecological impacts by bringing together experts, civil society, and policy makers. Davies, M.I.J and Moore, H.L. 2016. Landscape, time and cultural resilience. Journal of Eastern African Studies 10:67-87 The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Kenya 22758.26 22758.26 50235.07 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004938_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Global under-5 deaths have halved in the last 20 years(1). However, reduction in the neonatal mortality rate has lagged greatly behind other advances, and now contributes over 40% of all child mortality in many countries (1). Yet, prior research in low and middle income countries (LMICs) suggests sick newborns often do not receive the interventions they need to ensure their disability free survival. Infections are estimated to cause 40% of all neonatal deaths in LMICs (2), where the burden health care-associated infections (HCAIs) is also up to 20 times higher than in industrialised countries (3) and where antibiotic resistant HCAIs are rapidly increasing (4) due to increases in antibiotic use, rising rates of hospitalisation, and high prevalence HCAIs (5) not matched with increases in hospital resources and measures to prevent these. Resistant infections often lead to longer hospitalizations (6), thus increasing opportunity for transmission to other inpatients in care, and subsequent transmission into the community following hospital discharge. The potential societal impact of bacterial antibiotic resistance (BAR) infections in sick newborns in LMICs, is reflected in the 58,000 deaths attributable to antibiotic resistant neonatal sepsis in India alone (5) compared to the 23,000 deaths each year across all population age groups in the United States (7). The much-needed attention to improve newborn health, has triggered multiple stakeholders to propose the 'Every Newborn: an action plan to end preventable deaths' (8), which seeks to improve the quality of care to ultimately end preventable newborn deaths. HCAIs, reflect breakdown in infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, which combined with injudicious use of antibiotics contribute to emergence of resistant HCAIs in neonatal units (9), and are the most frequent preventable adverse event in healthcare delivery worldwide (3). Intervention bundles comprising behavioural, environmental and antibiotic stewardship components (10), could prevent many HCAIs (11-13), and improved provision of high-quality, basic care in resource-limited hospitals could deliver up to a 71% reduction in neonatal mortality (14,15). Initiatives to improve quality and safety in healthcare, however, too often result in limited changes for the better and are often hard to replicate in new contexts (16). In this pump-priming grant, we seek to address key formative stages of the MRC framework for complex interventions (17,18) by generating contextual knowledge of the health system traits and behaviours that need to be understood prior to formulation and implementation of behavioural/integrated interventions to attain best IPC and antibiotic stewardship (IPC-ABS) practice required to reduce HCAIs and BAR in resource-limited healthcare facilities delivering care to sick newborns. In our approach, we draw from elements of the theory of change (ToC) (19,20), by first identifying the desired long-term goals and then working back from these to identify all the conditions that must be in place for the goals to occur. This proposed pump-priming grant includes research that aims to: a. Facilitate the development of appropriate, evidence based interventions based on a critical analysis of the policy, organisational and practice environments and current management, team and individual behaviours relevant to IPC-ABS, aimed at limiting BAR in high-risk populations in Kenyan facilities; b. Help identify context-appropriate clinical and performance indicators for use in monitoring and evaluation of IPC-ABS interventions; c. Highlight challenges in the uptake of policy into effective IPC-ABS practice; d. Increase capability and motivation to limit BAR and improve safety in hospitals; e. Initiate a process of building research capacity around IPC-ABS in Kenya. We expect proposed interventions to be generalizable to other inpatient settings in East African hospitals that share similar challenges. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Kenya 26223.34 105105.76000000001 52871.48 26340.27 26340.27 26435.74 26435.74 26435.74 26223.34 26223.34 26223.34 26223.34 210636.37 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T010207_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Sexual violence is an enduring human rights violation, and its effects are major obstacles to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), particularly SDG5, which concerns gender equality and the empowerment of women. Survivors struggle to access post rape care services and prosecutions are extremely rare, particularly in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). The lack of data, and weak statistical and technical capacity, pose major obstacles to sustainable development in LMICs. The proposed secondary data analysis will inform policy makers about barriers to service access and case attrition. The dataset provides urgently needed information about the experiences of adult and child survivors in Nairobi who attempted to access post rape care services from 2016 to present day. The results will enable rape survivors in Kenya to use the insights from the research to advocate for policy change while providing generalisable insights for other LMICs. Our vision is to show, via this project, how secondary data analysis can be creatively used to help Kenya and other countries address the global issue of sexual violence. Our ESRC GCRF IAA grant has prepared us to undertake this research and it culminated in a series of co-developed research objectives and questions. Our objectives are to conduct the secondary data analysis to deliver high-quality impactful data research on the nature of sexual violence, post rape care service gaps, and case attrition patterns, and to study sexual violence health and well-being impacts. Our research questions focus on understanding the nature of sexual violence, the barriers survivors face in accessing post rape care services (medical, police, legal), and the reasons why so few cases are prosecuted. We will also build the capacity of the WKF to update their results as new data are collected. The findings of the secondary data analysis will be discussed with policy makers and other stakeholders. Further, the secondary data analysis project will develop a capacity building research agenda that improves the ability of the Survivors' Network to research and document sexual violence cases. The project will engage and partner with rape survivors' networks in other LMICs to share results and demonstrate the value of secondary data analysis in delivering important insights to effectively prevent and respond to sexual violence, helping to achieve SDG5. COVID-19 The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Kenya 86008.64 82701.85 37014.59 45687.26 86008.64 168710.48 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T003197_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Small-scale credit is exalted in mainstream development thinking as a key means of supporting women and their families in dealing with daily, ongoing, and often slow-onset climate disasters. Facing growing crises of agricultural productivity from droughts and floods, and taking primary responsibility for the nutritional wellbeing of their households, women are targeted as credit borrowers globally. Credit provisioning therefore speaks to the push for 'resilience' against climate disasters that is central to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13, 'Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts', and which has serious implications for SDG 5 'Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls' that prioritises the valuing and recognition of women's unpaid care and domestic work. How do we ensure, then, that 'climate resilience' does not come at the cost of women's emotional and bodily depletion through processes of household nutrition provisioning? This is the key concern motivating this two-year project which asks: (1) In what ways is credit, as a form of climate resilience, shaping nutritional provisioning? (2) How are the dynamics of nutrition provisioning and credit-taking in a changing climate being experienced and visualised? (3) What are the gender and social reproductive dynamics of the climate-credit-nutrition nexus? (4) What lessons can be learned to deliver improved and more equitable credit provisioning and nutritional outcomes to households and communities affected by slow-onset climate disasters? The project's methodology is anchored in environmental science, visual arts, and social science methods which are combined into a well-integrated research design to effectively probe these complex questions. Set within the political economy contexts of Cambodia and Tamil Nadu, India, fieldwork encompasses the collection of environmental profiles, socio-economic and nutritional indicators, measurements of energy expenditure, and oral and visual analysis; all through a lens that foregrounds gender dynamics. In each country, research will be carried out in 3 rural villages and 2 industrial worksites given that rural households are often maintained by labour migrants engaged in non-rural work. The 20-strong interdisciplinary team of investigators, consultants, and a seconded UN Women staff member, from Cambodia, India, the UK, and continental Europe, will work together with non-governmental and private sector project partners, and an advisory board of (non)academic experts, to deliver this ground-breaking research. The project will also foster the research excellence and development of 7 early career researchers, the majority of whom are women, and/or black, Asian or minority ethnic (BAME). Mentorship includes two early-career residential writing retreats, one in Cambodia and one in India, to support the development of publication writing skills and confidence. The research will be published across 10 journal articles, an accessibly-written project report, and 6 policy briefs (in English, Khmer, and Tamil) which will bring together (non)-academics from 6 stakeholder workshops to amplify the integrated research findings and enhance policy impact. A unique and compelling exhibition of participant and artist photography will also be shown in Phnom Penh, Chennai, and London, to promote the research to a wider audience still. The exhibition will act as a space for the project report launch, galvanise media interest, and will be timed during the stakeholder workshops to maximise impact on political, developmental, and private sector decision-makers. Ultimately, given the status accorded to small-scale credit as a significant lever in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, our research is crucial to informing its thinking on, and operationalisation of, gender-equitable climate resilience. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ROYAL HOLLOWAY, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Asia, regional 188379.14 424753.5 145338.97 62287.65 -70177.47 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 20762.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -41524.62 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -51742.65 62287.65 20762.99 124575.98 103813.31 114648.12 112102.5 94189.57 94189.57 94189.57 820759.26 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P007171_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The Syrian Civil War has created one of the worst humanitarian crises in history. Around 5 million Syrians have fled their country to escape the prolonged horror and violence of the conflict and more than one million of them are in Lebanon. Over 4000 refugees cross into Lebanon on a daily basis, overwhelming its already fragile social, political, and economic infrastructure. On reaching Lebanon, new troubles confront the Syrian refugees who must now endure the suffering and hardships of the temporary camps. This refugee movement has put a huge strain on the resources and capacity of the Lebanese government and local communities. The Lebanese health system has seen a massive influx of additional demand and is struggling to cope. One particular aspect of the problem is the suffering of older refugees. Often at the bottom of the pecking order, the needs of older refugees are frequently neglected, unrecognised or ignored. Yet about a half of these older people are known to have chronic health problems and are at risk of dying through lack of access to healthcare. Others have advanced disease and require palliative treatments to manage pain and other symptoms. Very little is known about how these treatment and end of life care needs are being addressed. Although some palliative care services exist in Lebanon they have limited resources and lack the capacity to deal with the level of need in the refugee camps. Yet palliative care availability and access have been acknowledged as fundamental human rights. The main purposes of the project are therefore: 1) to strengthen research capacity to investigate end of life care issues and needs among refugees 2) to enhance related cooperation and coordination between researchers in Lebanon and the UK in order to build capacity for high quality new studies and interventions that can address these problems. To foster such a network, the project will bring together a mixture of expertise in special workshops focussed on end of life care for refugees in Lebanon. It will conduct a rapid appraisal of the issues and look at ways to develop research responses. It will provide mentoring and training to local researchers from international experts in order to build expertise and capacity. It will also lead to a short film on the issue to raise awareness and sensitize others to the issue. By these means the network will contribute to the development of research, policies and plans to promote end of life care for Syrian refugees in Lebanon. The lessons learned will in turn be relevant to other similar humanitarian emergencies elsewhere. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Lebanon 22388.58 44777.16 21471.74 21471.74 22388.58 22388.58 22388.58 89554.31 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P008003_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The RELIEF Centre will research pathways to achieving inclusive growth in the context of mass displacement and movement of people around the world. Achieving inclusive growth involves looking beyond monetary indicators and GDP, and towards multidimensional notions of prosperity that reflect people's quality of life and well-being. There is growing evidence that inequality is harmful to individuals and societies, and that both social and economic inclusion contribute to sustainable gains in prosperity. Prosperity is consistently eroded by poor educational opportunities, poor health, poor social cohesion, and poor employment prospects. But what does it take to achieve inclusive growth of prosperity in today's world, where 63.5 million people are forcibly displaced according to the UNHCR? Given the magnitude of displacement across the globe, it is no longer enough to see movement as an anomaly. The geopolitics of war, climate change and social inequality mean that this is now the 'new normal' for people, whether they are 'hosts' or 'movers'. In response to this, the RELIEF Centre will mount an interdisciplinary social science project that will speed up the globally critical sustainability transitions required to improve the quality of people's lives. The core will be a programme of research, education and civic engagement that develops a vision of future prosperity for Lebanon - the country with the largest number of refugees per capita in the world today - but with findings and outputs that will be applicable to other countries throughout the world. The Centre's research programme comprises the following four research themes (R1 to R4), addressing key aspects of inclusive growth for prosperity and social cohesion: R1 Post Conflict Cities will examine how Syrian refugees and their host Lebanese communities that can collectively participate in the design of more resilient and better quality living environments in contexts of resource constraint in Lebanon. This theme will also explore mechanisms for public engagement in the reconstruction of cities in Syria if/when Syrian refugees decide to return. R2 Creating Value will identify existing collective goods for communities (of both hosts and refugees) in Lebanon, as well as the most efficacious forms of investment in communities to address their needs. This strand will consequently develop a model to assess the value of successful community-driven projects for enhancing and delivering collective goods in terms of both job creation and well-being. R3 Future Education will mobilise new technologies to deliver affordable education to refugees and hosts in Lebanon, as well as generate data for the three other research themes. The RELIEF Centre will develop a curriculum of massive open online courses (MOOCs) aiming to provide people with the skills and capacities for managing conflict, improving environments and well-being, and creating opportunities for flourishing. MOOCs will include surveys at the outset, and at regular intervals throughout the course, on the specific needs of refugees and hosts. This data will then be used to improve them, as well as help address the other themes' objectives. R4 Prosperity Gains and Inclusive Growth will examine what prosperity and inclusive means for refugees and hosts, how they view their prospects for a better life, and their role in making gains in prosperity. R4 will produce a conceptual framework and methodology for understanding what drives prosperity gains, as well as develop mechanisms and methods for refugees and hosts to monitor prosperity gains or deficits in their communities and cities. COVID-19 The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Lebanon 784525.88 832642.96 885261.3599999999 1049873.79 162932.01 47518.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 47518.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -409832.04 47518.0 115414.01 415234.02 211546.59 211546.59 211546.59 209846.83 209846.83 209846.83 255720.87 208160.74 208160.74 208160.74 208160.74 196131.47 196131.47 392262.94 4163366.23 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_R501256_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Doctoral Training Partnerships: a range of postgraduate training is funded by the Research Councils The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Lebanon 74238 45048 45118.41 5774 -1797.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -12177.95 5774.0 16638.41 5774.0 11353.0 11353.0 11353.0 11353.0 11171.0 11171.0 11171.0 11171.0 10974.0 40922.0 175952.41 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S004742_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The overall question we seek to address in this research project is: In displacement settings, what shapes the trajectories of young people from education into employment? The project will analyse the trajectories from education to employment of young Palestinian refugees, young Syrian refugees and young Lebanese in two regions of Lebanon. Young people are here defined as people between the age of 15 and 29 years old in line with the official Lebanese definition. The project is a collaboration between the Centre for Development and Emergency Practice, Oxford Brookes University and the Centre for Lebanese Studies at the Lebanese American University in Beirut. Lebanon has received the most refugees in the world relative to its population. The arrival of refugees and its location in the Middle East has contributed to increased unemployment levels, a more vulnerable economy, and an overall reduction in welfare among its diverse population of Lebanese and non-Lebanese nationals. Lebanon is one of many countries where refugees cannot automatically work and where work can only be accessed through a work permit. The project will analyse trajectories from education and into employment in interaction with political, economic and social development at local, national and global scales. Currently, there is limited research examining the relationship between education and employment prospects for children and young people in the context of protracted displacement and conflict. The proposed project seeks to rectify this gap in knowledge by focusing on how young people move from education to employment. With an interdisciplinary team of researchers and practitioners, the key idea is to understand the role of displacement and the particular status and restrictions that come with this status. Lebanon is a highly relevant example because the trajectories of refugees in varying displacement contexts may be juxtaposed with trajectories of Lebanese young people who may have experienced internal displacement and conflict, but nevertheless have a legal status that allows formal employment. With calls for more understanding of displacement and urban contexts, the project will consider two different urban contexts in Lebanon: the suburb of Bourj Al Barajneh in Beirut and the Southern town of Saida. The principal research questions we seek to answer in this research are: 1. How does legal status (refugee, national, migrant, displaced) and the accompanying rights and restrictions of that status impact trajectories from education to employment? 2. What is the interaction between different types of education (including no education) and employment for different groups of young people in the context of protracted displacement? In order analyse trajectories from education to employment, we will collect and formulate narratives along the following dimensions that may impact trajectories from education to (un)employment: a. Background, family-history, place of origin and capabilities of young individuals b. Narratives of individual young people's trajectories navigating from education to employment c. Local context and place-based characteristics d. National and local level institutional arrangements and policies on education and employment We will conduct 180 interviews from young people and 180 with their families, in addition to interviews to construct place-based and institutional narratives. From a collective analysis with the principal stakeholders of this research we will formulate profiles of typical and unusual trajectories from education to employment. The trajectories will be analysed by seeking to explain turning points in individual narratives by intersecting dimensions in family narratives, place based narratives and institutional narratives. From the narratives, we will also set up a play and an exhibition in close collaboration with our partners in Lebanon Al Jana and Blue Mission. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Lebanon 102361.89 410276.70999999996 377883.12 -1741.58 90668.91 89940.43 95041.49 102232.29 103191.04 102361.89 102361.89 102361.89 102361.89 890521.72 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T00424X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY GOAL focuses on the challenge of supporting health systems providing for the mental health needs of people affected by protracted displacement, focusing on Lebanon. Poor mental health causes long-term suffering and disability, is a barrier to realising full potential of individuals and society, and impedes progress in achieving the SDGs. Poor mental health is often more common among protracted refugee populations than non-crisis affected populations. Effective mental health services exist, but there are major gaps in access to them, especially among refugee populations. The challenge is how to best deliver such services, including the design of health systems required to support this delivery. This is particularly challenging in protracted displacement settings which can place substantial additional pressure on already strained health systems and where an influx of international aid and actors can risk weakening national government-led responses. GOAL is a partnership between universities, the National Mental Health Programme at the Ministry of Public Health and civil society organisations in Lebanon. It addresses the following questions in the UKRI-GCRF Protracted Displacement call: (i) what should governments at every level do in order to anticipate and efficiently manage protracted stays, reduce refugees' dependence on humanitarian aid and implement systems that facilitate refugee /IDP integration, inclusion and social wellbeing? (ii) How can health care systems for the displaced be expanded to cover areas that are usually neglected in refugee/IDP settings such as (though not limited to) treatment of chronic illnesses, disability and mental health? (iii) How does gendered access to services, economic and cultural opportunities and levels of power influence differently the experiences, opportunities and limitations of men and women? The overall aim of GOAL to support government and partners in strengthening the ability of health systems to meet the mental health needs of refugee and host communities affected by protracted displacement, focusing on Lebanon as it is home to over one million Syrian refugees. It addresses two health system topics, governance and financing, identified as priority areas by key stakeholders in Lebanon and by external independent experts. GOAL's research is framed by the use of Transition Theory and gender is addressed as a cross-cutting issue informing all aspects of the project research. It follow a co-production approach, working closely with key stakeholders - particularly mental health service users. Quantitative and qualitative methods will be used and interdisciplinarity fostered. We also work with mental health service users to produce innovative materials (e.g. animations and augmented reality digital images) communicating the benefits of participation from people with lived experience of mental disorders in research and policy-making processes, and for advocacy and teaching. GOAL has capacity strengthening activities to provide technical training to project partners and key stakeholders, and to support institutional capacity and individual career progression. The main immediate beneficiary will be the National Mental Health Programme at the Ministry of Public Health in Lebanon. Other beneficiaries will include key stakeholders including mental health service users, NGOs, and UN agencies, both in Lebanon and other countries responding to protracted displacement situations. The proposal responds to SDG 3 (good health and well-being) and DFID's strategic objectives of strengthening resilience and response to crises, and tackling extreme poverty and helping the world's most vulnerable. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Lebanon 126112.08 576198.3899999999 350501.75 638890.4199999999 53027.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 53027.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 142257.37 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 136709.69 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 136669.55 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -223254.15 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 496633.05 142257.37 53027.01 53027.0 101043.01 143404.73 287669.29 144264.55 144264.55 126112.08 1691702.64 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006655_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY It is generally accepted that education has a significant role to play in societies transitioning from conflict. Indeed, the education system potentially represents the single most effective agent of social change with the capacity to bridge ethnic division in conflict affected countries (Petroska-Beska & Najcevska, 2004). In Northern Ireland (NI), the education system is distinguishable by the degree of separation that exists between Catholic and Protestant faith communities. Currently, 93% of pupils attend predominately 'own' religion schools. Similarly, following the dissolution of Yugoslavia, wider ethnic divisions are now reflected in separate education systems in the Republic of Macedonia (Macedonia), Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), and Croatia. In post-conflict societies, these divisions can contribute to social fragmentation and inhibit the development of a 'shared society'. In 2007 an innovative approach to facilitate reconciliation through schools separated on ethnic or religious lines was developed in NI. Informed by intergroup contact theory (Allport, 1954), shared education aims to break down boundaries between separate schools by providing sustained, curriculum-based engagement between pupils. A corpus of research demonstrates the effectiveness of the programme in promoting harmonious intergroup relations. Shared education has received significant political support in NI, and from 2015, is being extended across the region via a Signature Programme coordinated by the Department of Education. Outside NI, shared education is being implemented in Israel and Macedonia and the model has attracted interest from academics and policymakers in other divided contexts, including South Africa, BiH and Croatia, although to date it has not been instigated in these countries. In view of the increasing internationalisation of the shared education model, we propose the creation of a strategic network across four jurisdictions (NI, Macedonia, BiH, and Croatia) of academics, practitioners, NGOs, and policymakers whose work contributes to peace building through the promotion of intergroup contact and intercultural dialogue in education, with a view to facilitate, promote, and develop models of shared education for each jurisdiction. The project employs a multi-stage design, beginning with a knowledge exchange seminar in NI providing network members an opportunity to learn more about the model and to see the implementation of the programme in NI schools. Further, it will facilitate initial thinking on the implications of shared education for partner countries, particularly regarding structural changes needed to facilitate programme implementation. This will be followed by a series of in-country knowledge exchange seminars in the participant States and capacity building activities to develop and support the implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of shared education programmes; including, but not limited to, professional development for teachers and practitioners, workshops on developing and enhancing research skills key to programme evaluation, and on using research findings to advocate for policy change. The knowledge generated from these phases will inform the development of a research agenda to move forward shared education initiatives in each country, the establishment of a shared education advocacy group to advocate for policy change, and proposals to pursue pilot programmes in BiH and Croatia. Additionally, a comprehensive comparative research and evaluation programme will be developed to examine the impact of shared education in different educational and societal contexts, with a view to refining the model and developing best practice nationally and internationally. Ultimately, building the capacity of key stakeholders to develop and initiate shared education has the capability of fostering more harmonious intergroup relations to transmute the social landscape of participant societies. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY BELFAST Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET North Macedonia 125128.73000000001 18811.47 18811.47 25187.65 24985.27 24985.27 49970.54 150316.32 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T004363_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Descent-based slavery and its legacies continue to prevail in most communities of the west and south of Mali today. Because of the lack of protecting legal framework, populations victims of slavery-related violence often have little choice but to escape to more 'hospitable' areas, having been systematically barred from land access in their home village by the local elite. Those populations with ascribed slave status are the poorest and the most vulnerable populations in the Sahel. In many cases though, those displaced, mostly agricultural populations continue to live in precarious conditions because of continuing marginalization and stigmatization in new host communities, with risks of new forms of servitude strongly overlapping with the legacies of historical slavery. Slavery-related displacements in West Africa have been largely overlooked in the development and humanitarian practice and reporting. This is certainly a major omission in view of the Sustainable Development Goals Our project looks at the most invisibilised historical and contemporary slavery-related internal displacements, those taking place within the rural areas in the Kayes region and which concern in their vast majority women and children because men of those communities are migrants elsewhere in cities and abroad. In such crisis situation as the one prevailing today in Mali, working with populations who are considered of 'slave descent' is thus an urgent equitable development issue. Our research programme aims not only to analyse and map the long history of slavery-related protracted displacements in the Kayes region, but more importantly we propose concrete measures to redress this unacknowledged long-term crisis situation by sensitising the local and national government in Mali at every level to anticipate and efficiently manage those 'fugitive' displacements of people with ascribed slave status. Our project team brings together a unique combination of expertise and methods in African history, comparative literature, law, social anthropology and political sciences, which are less common in development approaches. It aims at constructing a synergistic approach with transformative and catalyst effect by exploring both affordable and upscalable solutions for sustainable livelihoods and proposing directly actionable recommendations for the surveyed communities (and beyond). The transformative aspect of this research relies on bridging the gaps between practitioners and scholars in and with the surveyed communities through a website, policy papers, documentary films, teaching material, trainings, research dissemination and advocacy at appropriate policy-making levels, facilitated by two Malian partner NGOs, Donkosira and TEMEDT. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL SOAS, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Mali 586461.95 473160.22 357023.13 105252.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 105252.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 118977.78 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 118462.26 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 119583.09 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 119583.09 118462.26 118977.78 105252.99 105252.99 144603.01 118051.23 118051.23 117102.68 117102.68 234205.36 1416645.3 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T009942_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Summary The project builds on existing research using data resources held by NGOs to produce high-quality, impactful research into gender equality in Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso. Its aim is to further contribute to improvements in perceptions and representations of women's rights and empowerment in these three DAC-listed countries in the Sahel by developing an innovative methodological approach to secondary data research and by bringing together traditional media (radio) and social media platforms. Using natural language processing (NLP) - a form of artificial intelligence - for the large-scale qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data, and WhatsApp surveys for listener feedback, the project examines NGO secondary data (radio output; concept notes; related documents; statistics; theories of change, and legal texts) from radio stations in the three countries. It investigates and compares perceptions of women's rights and empowerment, how they are shaped and portrayed by radio, and how they impact understandings of, and attitudes towards women and gender equality in the countries in order to give recommendations, impacting on policy and practices, which will promote gender equality and give women a greater voice in society. Gender inequality is extensive in the three countries and women have always been the first victims of under-development. There are high child marriage rates, low literacy rates, especially amongst girls, polygamy is common and violence against women is rife, particularly in conflict-affected zones. Radio is the main source of information. To be effective and to reduce obstacles to women's voices being taken into account and ensure the evolution of gender-related problems, radio needs to broadcast relevant subjects in an accessible manner, and must target not only a female audience, but the whole population. Programming must be designed with the participation of listeners and experts. The project uses NLP to transcribe and initially code the secondary data, allowing large quantities of information to be analysed. Listeners are questioned interactively on the programme content and their perceptions of women's rights and empowerment throughout the project using WhatsApp surveys. These enable significant numbers of individuals to be consulted over large areas, some being conflict-affected and not reachable by researchers, and at low cost, not achievable through individual or group interviews. Such surveys also allow for questions and responses as voice messages promoting greater inclusivity amongst populations with low literacy rates. Civil society organisations (CSOs), media experts and journalists are consulted and involved in the process at knowledge exchange workshops during the project. There are two rounds of automated secondary data collection and analysis (weeks 3-7 and 11-15). Each is linked to WhatsApp listener surveys. Knowledge exchange workshops are held before, in between, and after the two rounds of secondary data collection and analysis. Training will be given to journalists in between and after these two rounds regarding improvements to broadcasts and the transfer of best practice. The project benefits women and youth in the three countries; radio stations; donors and other NGO and media development organisations; women's CSOs in the countries; journalists; and academic researchers and practitioners. The project generates two data sets which are based on the NGO secondary data, and additionally generated data from WhatsApp listener surveys. It also expects to deliver at least 3 academic papers, 2 working papers, pamphlets and posters to inform dissemination events; present at a minimum of 3 conferences; hold at least 3 dissemination workshops; and develop and sustain the project website and other media platforms. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 51328.94 110155.16 -19317.2 22302.95 29441.77 29205.22 29205.22 51328.94 161484.1 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_N015126_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY In the context of Myanmar's political opening since March 2011, Buddhist activism has made headlines over the past two years due to outbreaks of communal violence across the country marked by religious difference, that threaten to derail Myanmar's once-promising transition. Many see a connection between these violent episodes and the rise of new Buddhist networks and organizations, including the 969 and MaBaTha movements. However, aspects of the conflict connected to religious identity are poorly understood and research on this topic needs to carefully address the ways in which anti-Muslim actions are difficult to separate from pro-Buddhist impulses. Equally important is the intersection between religious identities and gender, as much of the nationalist discourse focuses on the protection of women as a way of protecting both Buddhism and the nation. A critical aspect of this approach is to take seriously the fears and perceptions of different groups to understand how they shape attitudes towards others and towards religious and national identity. This 2.5 year research project seeks to critically assess and disaggregate the category of "Buddhist nationalism" in Myanmar by focusing on two complementary aspects of the phenomenon: the production, dissemination, and resonance of narratives that potentially justify violence by positing a Muslim threat to Buddhism and the Burmese nation; and the gendered discourse of nationalism, produced through nationalist rhetoric and both reinforced and contested via the perspectives of women who, respectively, support and oppose it. First, what is the rhetorical and ideational content of this discourse of Muslim threat, driven especially by monks? Which political, religious, and cultural narratives (at local, regional, and global levels) do they employ and how do these resonate with Buddhists in Myanmar? How do these discussions reconfigure categories such as "Buddhist" or "patriot"? What are the potential counter-narratives that monastic and civil society actors are and should be putting forward in response? The second component of the project considers the complex gendered elements of this discourse. Buddhist nationalist agitation in Myanmar has often focused on the protection of women and concerns regarding women's role as re-producers of the nation have motivated laws to protect them from the presumably predatory actions of non-Buddhist men. However, the narratives from women themselves present a more nuanced picture of their threat perceptions and how they see their role(s) vis-à-vis the religion, the nation and nationalist groups. In drawing on women's narratives, the project will also identify alternative articulations of religious, ethnic, or national identity that might challenge or complicate the current dominant anti-Muslim sentiment. These research questions will be explored through assembling a database of sermons, speeches, and written materials from Buddhist and nationalist groups; monitoring media reporting on religious conflict; interviews with key actors in the Myanmar government, religious hierarchy, and civil society; and more detailed ethnographic study in particular places to better understand the production, resonance, and evaluation of nationalist narratives. In the rapidly-changing political environment of Myanmar, the project will make immediate and regular contributions in the form of bi-annual policy briefs distributed to and discussed with religious and civil society actors, governments, foundations, and other international actors supporting these groups. By also analyzing the rhetoric and methods of those working to reduce religious violence, this study can gauge the effectiveness of their work and assist them in crafting campaigns that respond directly to the logic employed by those who are spreading inter-religious strife. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Myanmar 60124.73 241959.94999999998 379.58 379.58 60611.74 60611.74 60611.74 60124.73 60124.73 482945.9 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T004983_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Families that lose a mother in pregnancy or childbirth face many challenges. They are left with a gap that can lead to a loss of income and poverty. It can cause a lot of family pressures, especially for girls are left to care for younger children and are not able to go to school. Many of these families come from communities that are already poor, with very little infrastructure and limited access to decent healthcare. This can cause a much higher risk of death, both for mothers and babies, especially in poor countries. Opportunities are more limited because families lack money and education. Myanmar is a South East Asian country that has had many years of tension and conflict between the different people groups. Many of these groups live in remote mountainous areas where basic resources and infrastructure such as electricity are limited. There is often little healthcare in these areas with very few doctors, nurses or midwives to care for mothers and their families. One in 23 women in Eastern Myanmar either die or come close to death during pregnancy or childbirth. These challenges are all very typical in developing countries across the world today, but a lot can be changed with education that makes sense to mothers and families in their situations. Working together with our local partners we intend to learn more about the specific challenges facing families in four regions of Myanmar. From this we will co-develop three education programmes which will be especially adapted for each region. One of these programmes will help families and communities understand the processes of pregnancy and birth, recognise what is normal, what is unusual and what is dangerous and to know what to do and where to go to get help. Our second programme will further train health workers to understand the different signs and symptoms that are dangerous in pregnancy and birth and find ways to help mothers in time to prevent complications. Poverty is very high in parts of Myanmar, so our third programme is for community leaders and local people to support them to start and grow businesses. This way families can afford to eat well and get good healthcare when they need it. Our project will focus on remote regions in Myanmar and together we plan to learn how to find ways to overcome the legacy of many years of poverty and conflict. This project will include staff from our universities in Northern Ireland and Thailand as well as local partners who come from or have been working in the region for many years. Through this project we hope to help support the work of all our partners and improve education for mothers, families and communities. A key part of our project is making sure that the education they receive makes sense in their situations and includes their beliefs and customs leading to improved health, social and economic opportunities and accessible healthcare. We plan to share what we do with other organisations working in Myanmar who may also benefit from our research. Finally, it is hoped that our research will contribute to current policies and practices in partnership with the government of Myanmar and the ethnic health organisations. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ULSTER UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Myanmar 145569.95 583458.9500000001 225665.06 806333.14 9999.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 9999.99 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 147937.67 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 147937.67 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 147937.23 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -362521.19 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 510457.8 147937.67 147937.67 9999.99 9999.99 58915.98 146749.1 146749.1 145569.95 145569.95 145569.95 145569.95 1761027.11 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T010398_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project has two dimensions. First it uses data held by Micaia, a development NGO that works in Mozambique, to explore the expected and unexpected consequences of commercialisation of natural resources. Micaia has been centrally involved in raising farm gate prices of natural resources (honey, baobab) and improving the management of those resources. We seek to use and expand Micaia's data better to understand how this work can be most beneficial to rural Mozambicans. Second, it tackles a key problem facing development NGOs. These NGOs should be downwardly accountable to the people whom they exist to serve. And they have to be upwardly accountable to their funders. This tension is one of the central attributes of the development NGO sector globally. A central component of this tension is data. The ability to know things about other people's lives is fundamental to accountability, whether with respect to project performance, changes in poverty, prosperity and wellbeing, community institutions, infrastructure and so on. Data provide power over funds, lives and organisations. The challenge this project explores therefore is how development NGOs can collect, store and present data in ways that facilitate downwards accountability, while also meeting funders' requirements. It builds on a previously funded secondary data initiative with Micaia. That project worked on data management plans and organisation to marshal previously collected data from development projects and businesses. We will work in this project on new forms and modalities of data collection that tackle the dilemmas of accountability. Specifically this project explores four challenges. First, it will examine how data management and data collection can respond both to immediate funder needs (on how money has been spent and to what end) while also maintaining longer term monitoring and communicating key aspects of prosperity that matter most to communities. Co-ordinating and integrating these aspects of data collection is not straight forward. Yet maintaining the latter - tracking aspects of change that communities are most interested in - is central to downwards accountability. The second challenge is that these data collection systems must be robust and agile enough to respond to unforeseen changes. These can be common, particularly where projects are successful. They can present new aspects of community life and prosperity that communities and organisations will wish to track. Third, we will consider how these data might be effectively integrated with currently publicly available data in order that they can be most effectively and generally used. We will be exploring these issues with respect to Micaia's work in natural resource management and commercialisation. Micaia has set up a baobab products company which provides substantial revenues to rural women where few revenue earning opportunities are available. It has a longer established honey company which works over a larger area. In addition it has worked on several projects on different aspects of natural resource management and institutional support. In combination these activities have driven substantial welcome change. But tracking that change and using those data to inform the appropriate entities, as well as capturing unforeseen developments - such changing gender relations within households that new revenues cause - is not straight forward. This project will take on this task. That is the fourth challenge. The outputs of this work will be better data on the dynamics of rural villages in Mozambique where Micaia works. These will inform feedback to communities, local government and Micaia's plans and projects. In the second it will generate protocols and systems of using data to enhance downward accountability that will be useful to development NGOs more widely. Finally we will also provide insights into the consequences of commercialisation of natural resources. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Mozambique 47822.96 130518.79999999999 -12092.71 32761.35 32761.31 32498.07 32498.07 47822.96 178341.76 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T01010X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Like many low-income countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Malawi is burdened with high rates of maternal, infant and childhood mortality and undernutrition. These are driven by multiple factors that interact over space and time. Coupled with economic and gender inequalities, factors that operate across early childhood (0-8 years) result in many children failing to achieve their educational potential. At a national level this impedes economic development and perpetuates a cycle of poverty. A holistic, unified, approach to data acquisition of key factors impacting early child development, data sharing and linkage to existing datasets, statistical analyses and mathematical modelling, is required to identify which children are at greatest need of intervention. We aim to achieve this by building a new data platform for early child development in Malawi by harmonising geo-temporal data that already exists, courtesy of national surveys conducted by the Government of Malawi, with data from ongoing projects undertaken by our team of researchers and NGO partners, relating to early educational outcomes, maternal and infant health, and micronutrients in soil and crop samples taken from plots where food is grown for consumption in family homes. Integrating these datasets into a large-scale national data platform will enable secondary analyses to be conducted, that have hitherto, not been possible. This will transform early child development and learning outcomes in Malawi, and requires collaboration and cooperation of key stakeholders to bring about long-term, sustainable, change. Current policy for mothers and children in Malawi is covered by three separate government ministries. A lack of joined up planning, acquisition, and sharing of key data means that opportunities to intervene at an early stage may be lost. Currently, it is not possible to track individual children from pregnancy to 8 years and identify those most at risk of adverse outcomes. This leaves Malawi vulnerable to continued poor early child development and the long-term negative impact this has on the country's economic development and welfare. Over the past year, we have established a multidisciplinary team of international researchers from psychology, biosciences, maternal, child, and public health, big data science, and international law on data protection and governance, with NGOs, policy-makers, and policy-enablers from key government sectors in Malawi, all of whom are committed to improving quality of life for young children and their families. We have identified the need for a unified data management system in Malawi, that is compliant with General Data Protection Regulation legislation, and will enable NGO and research data to be integrated with national government survey data. Accordingly, in this project we propose to build a new data platform that will harmonise existing datasets from NGOs, the Government of Malawi, and ongoing research projects in Malawi, to enable secondary analyses to be conducted that will identify causal pathways of adverse outcomes in early childhood. Results from these secondary data analyses will enhance understanding of factors that impact early child development and learning and will be utilised by NGOs and the Government of Malawi to make strategic decisions based on scientific evidence to enhance the effectiveness of their programmes and policies. The new data platform will be hosted within the Ministry of Gender and will be an ongoing, sustainable resource, improving the capacity and methods for secondary data research in Malawi and will act as a demonstration of potential to other developing nations. This project is timely as it will increase high-quality, impactful and relevant research in Malawi and other ODA contexts on factors influencing early childhood outcomes. The results of the project will impact generations of children in Malawi and other countries in the region facing similar development challenges. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Malawi 58963.24 118403.99 -63206.45 29720.33 29720.42 29481.62 29481.62 29481.62 29481.62 177367.23 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T004789_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ACES will investigate and establish a transformative educational model for bridging formal and informal educational contexts via playful and participatory methodology towards a more inclusive, safe and resilient society that will empower young people to flourish despite their social localities. ACES will investigate the role of education in mobilising young people towards achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), taking into account the impact of wellbeing (SDG3), gender (SDG5) and poverty (SDG1) on education (SDG4) and vice-versa in Malaysia, Indonesia and Vietnam. ACES will focus on building resilient communities of young people in rural areas or deprived sections of urban communities through education. Young people refers to those in primary and secondary education. ACES will engage teachers and local community groups in the co-creation and ownership of the educational process, fostering an empowering and agentic practice when it comes to marginalised contexts - to motivate, ground and, most importantly, localise the intervention. The upskilling of teachers is considered as one of the most effective and direct means of achieving all of the SDG4 targets. The effects of quality education are linked to improved development outcomes. In all three countries, access to inclusive and equitable quality education is an impending issue; however, the causes, scope and severity vary from one country to another. In Indonesia, the dominance of political, corporate and bureaucratic elites affects the provision of quality education. In Vietnam, its education system struggles to provide access and quality, although since 2008, its government allocates 20% of its national budget to improve education throughout the nation. In Malaysia, access to quality education is still an issue at remote/rural areas in the country. Even though these countries report the literacy rate of over 90%, the efforts to maintain sustainable growth in their respective economies, to reach developed status, hinge on an updated system of education that is more transformative beyond literacy. While economic growth in these countries brings positive benefits and lifts people out of poverty, societies must be equipped to respond to subsequent changes related to political and social systems. Economic resilience thus depends on social resilience, agency and capabilities to respond, design, implement and support corrective and adaptive measures. ACES will explore the use of playful and participatory methodology towards developing an inclusive, equitable and transformative educational model that will afford opportunities for young people, teachers and community groups to respond to challenges/changes in their community through creative and innovative practices. To navigate an increasingly uncertain and ambiguous world, young people will need to develop curiosity, imagination, creativity, resilience and self-regulation towards innovative economies that are more productive, resilient and adaptable. ACES will emphasise on collaborative, active and playful/creative 21st-century pedagogies, where the focus of the teaching-learning process is on active dialogue, enquiry based, media literacy and student-centred approaches. Collaborative exploration open up opportunities for social innovation, taking into account the complexity of social problems and foster solutions resilient and cost-effective enough to adapt and survive. The project will explore social innovation through the lenses of frugal approaches to social sustainability to allow the community to thrive despite the lack of resources. ACES will investigate the impact of creative thinking, problem-solving and social-emotional learning beyond literacy afforded by playful pedagogy in these countries to conduct a comparative analysis into the complex relationships between transformational education and SDGs across the countries. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL COVENTRY UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Asia, regional 567891.3500000001 220693.44 583201.86 22758.66 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 22758.67 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 115239.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 115239.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 115239.04 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -263309.30 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -305857.11 352723.84 115239.01 115239.01 22758.67 22758.66 60863.04 114313.07 114313.07 113394.57 113394.57 226789.14 1371786.65 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T006684_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY With approximately one billion people lacking access to electricity in the world, nothing short of a socio-technical transformation is required to reach the objectives of universal electrification by 2030. Sub-Saharan Africa, with more than 600 million lacking access to electricity, requires a special attention. Although off-grid and decentralised solutions are expected to play a significant role and mini-grids are assumed to be a game changer for a rapid, cost-effective, pro-poor, universal electrification globally, the green mini-grid sector has not grown rapidly. Progress has been patchy between and within countries, across rural areas and informal urban settlements and between high and low-income communities. Among the barriers to scaling up mini-grids in Africa are lack of mini-grid specific regulatory framework, unproven business models, demand uncertainty, limited access to finance and lack of capacity. The main aim of this proposal is to improve our understanding of sustainability, inclusiveness and governance of mini-grids in general and those in sub-Saharan Africa in particular, by developing an improved evidence base and a multi-dimensional appreciation of issues and challenges that can support better decision-making for universal electrification globally. The project has been conceptualised through a collaborative process involving a team of UK-based researchers and research teams from four sub-Saharan Africa countries (namely Nigeria, Senegal, Kenya and Tanzania). We have identified four main research questions. 1) Which business models have succeeded to deliver financially and technically viable mini-grids in SSA? 2) Who and what have been the key beneficiaries of mini-grids in the case study countries and in what way? 3) Who drives or hinders the proliferation and the speed of adoption of mini-grids in East and West Africa? 4) What governance, regulatory and policy frameworks for decentralised systems of electricity provision exist in each case study country, how successful have they been and how do they differ? Our analytical approach sits at the intersection of human geography, development studies, engineering and sustainability transitions. The research is necessarily inter-disciplinary in order to understand complex interactions between financial, technological, political, socio-economic and cultural factors. We plan to develop a political economy framework and a sustainability framework to analyse electricity access in developing countries, with a particular focus on mini-grids. Our case studies (two from West Africa, Nigeria and Senegal and two from East Africa, Kenya and Tanzania) present fascinating grounds for comparison and have been selected on the basis of their diversity of governance models and differing levels of decentralised electricity provisions within their specific national and sub-national contexts. The work is organised in seven work packages and will be delivered over a period of 36 months. We would undertake an extensive review of literature on mini-grids, sustainability, governance, political economy and inclusiveness covering (WP1). We plan to develop our analytical frameworks at the end of this task. In WP2, we would focus on building the evidence base by collecting relevant information on mini-grids and developing a mini-grids database for four countries of our study. The database will then be used to analyse the status of mini-grids in each case study country. WP 3, 4 and 5 are devoted to analysis of sustainability, inclusiveness and governance of mini-grids. This will be done at the level of each country and also at cross-country comparative level. WP6 is devoted to communication, dissemination and impact generation activities while WP7 is devoted to project management. The novelty of the proposal lies in its evidence-based approach to uncover challenges of mini-grids and to develop strategies for successful businesses that are sustainable and inclusive. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL DE MONTFORT UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 224341.37 391523.14 89724.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 89724.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 123190.72 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 123190.72 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -123903.0 89724.01 89724.01 89724.01 122351.11 121518.24 102823.13 1243899.06 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T004851_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The proposed project aims to understand how secondary school learners' knowledge and experiences of justice act as drivers for the Sustainable Development Goals. Specifically, it examines three types of justice in education and how they relate to learners' intended actions with respect to SDG 13 (climate action) and SDG 16 (peace, justice and strong institutions): - Environmental justice, which seeks to balance human and environmental rights in order that both might exist sustainably, recognising the unfair distribution of the effects of climate change. - Epistemic justice, which values different knowledges and the peoples who hold them, working against the exclusion of multiple ways of understanding the world; and - Transitional justice, which repairs wrongs of the past, acknowledging the importance of responsibility and reconciliation for possibilities of future peacebuilding. By focusing on these forms of justice and the relationships between them, we extend and challenge traditional conceptions of justice in education, which are mainly rooted in social and distributional understandings of justice. The project will focus on both "education for justice" and "education as justice." The first focus requires an examination of how different forms of justice are taught across educational curricula, while the second looks at how social practice in schools and classrooms reflect and embody (or do not) these different forms of justice. Our study is undertaken in secondary schools in three global contexts where these forms of justice are particularly relevant: Western Nepal, Andean Peru and Northern Uganda. These research contexts all have recent experience with conflict, are directly reliant on the natural environment and subsistence agriculture, and are ethnically diverse societies with multiple linguistic communities. The study involves three phases which combine quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis. The first phase of the project involves qualitative data collection through ethnographic work in schools, including interviews and participative arts-based focus group discussions in which learners draw images that illustrate their experiences with environmental, epistemic and transitional justice. This phase also includes an analysis of education policy documents, curricula, and related documents such as textbooks and examinations. In the second phase of the project, analysis of qualitative data is used to create a questionnaire that is administered to learners on tablet computers. The questionnaire measures learners' curriculum knowledge relating to these forms of justice and SDG 13 and 16; their experiences of justice at school; their attitudes to towards justice expressed through responses to scenarios presented in short videos and images, and their intended actions and behaviours in relation to SDG 13 and 16. It will result in a quantitative dataset with approximately 6,000 responses, which will be analyzed through structural equation modelling. The third phase of the project consists of a synthesis of these two components and the development of an analytical framework to articulate what transitional, epistemic and environmental justice would look like in a secondary education system. While outcomes will be communicated to academic audiences through conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications, the project will achieve a broader impact on educational policy and practice through a series of targeted policy briefs and stakeholder impact events at both the regional and international level. Working with other GCRF-funded projects in the contexts of study, the project will also engage in knowledge exchange to synthesize findings and increase impact. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF BATH Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 117495.99 470935.68000000005 205162.72 627808.96 15744.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 15744.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 119407.13 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 119407.13 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 119407.71 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -269587.68 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 388994.7 119407.13 119407.13 15744.0 15744.0 55227.01 118447.71 118447.71 117495.99 117495.99 117495.99 117495.99 1421403.35 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T010436_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project aims to increase academic understanding, and develop appropriate options for responding to, inequalities in health and healthcare amongst under-5 children in remote rural areas of Nepal. These continuing inequalities represent a significant challenge for Nepal's efforts to promote social and economic development and meet the SDG targets. Whilst it is widely known that a variety of social and geographic factors contribute to determining health outcomes (including gender, caste/ethnicity and region), the currently available data lacks the degree of granularity to enable a robust exploration of the relationships between these various forms of inequality and i) health status; ii) utilisation of health services; and iii) quality/appropriateness of treatment received. Whilst the existing data published by the Government of Nepal is available only in an aggregated format, PHASE Nepal - a high-profile and highly-respected NGO that supports government health facilities in some of the most remote areas of the country - has circa 50,000 records of health facility visits by under-5s that have not previously been analysed as they currently exist only in paper format. The project proposed here will allow, for the first time, for the digitisation and rigorous analysis of this individual patient-level data to further understand inequalities and to address a series of Research Questions related to the country's social and geographic inequalities: RQ1: How do geography, age, gender, ethnicity and caste affect the nutrition status of under-5 children presenting in remote health facilities of Nepal? RQ2: Is diagnosis and treatment for malnutrition affected by geography, and child's age, gender, ethnicity and caste? RQ3: How do geography, and child's age, gender, ethnicity and caste affect health-seeking behaviours and utilisation of health services? RQ4: How do geography, and child's age, gender, ethnicity and caste affect the treatment that under-5s receive at health centres? The project builds upon a strong existing relationship between the University of Sheffield and PHASE Nepal. A previous collaboration, funded by IAA funds, allowed for the delivery of research methods training for PHASE Nepal staff and a preliminary analysis of PHASE's data assets and data management strategies. The project proposed here - which brings together social scientists and public health experts to understand health inequalities in their social context, and to develop policy and practice recommendations - was co-designed by PHASE Nepal staff members Dr. Pohl and Dr. Baidya and the Sheffield-based members of the team, ensuring that the research will be valuable to and actionable by PHASE Nepal themselves, as well as being of value to other health system stakeholders (not least Nepal's Ministry of Health and Population) and to a wider community of academic researchers. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Nepal 65470.14 95931.91 -2534.84 30461.77 32735.07 32735.07 65470.14 161402.05 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004784_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Antimicrobial resistance is one of the largest and most widely-acknowledged problems in 21st century medicine. Attempts to change the ways antibiotics are prescribed, in order to tackle the problem of antimicrobial resistance, have met with variable success. This is partly because the prescription of antibiotics is influenced by many social, cultural and organisational factors, and those prescribing antibiotics have to balance competing interests, values and short and long term benefits when making decisions. Healthcare providers have a responsibility both to individual patients and to "society at large", and since there is often not a "technical" solution to problems with prescribing, decisions are usually based on moral values and the customs of the healthcare community. Therefore attempts to change the ways antibiotics are prescribed will be more effective if they take these social factors into account. These social factors, and thus decisions made by individuals about prescribing antibiotics, are strongly influenced by the local and national context. By comparing attitudes to prescribing antibiotics in England, Sri Lanka, and South Africa this study will consider and predict the influence of different contextual factors on various attempts to change the ways antibiotics are prescribed. This will make it easier to assess which attempts will be successful and could be repeated in different international contexts. Models, which take these factors into account, can be used to predict how changes in individual behaviour, social, cultural, or economic factors will impact on decisions about prescribing antibiotics, and the broader problem of antimicrobial resistance. The project has three main aims: 1. To develop an international group of academics and clinicians who will work together to use social science theory and methods to look at the use of antibiotics in treating seriously ill patients. Close collaboration will make sure that the work of the project will be relevant to many contexts in which people are trying to improve antimicrobial resistance, particularly in non-high income countries. 2. To use theory to build a model that describes the use of broad spectrum antibiotics in treating seriously ill patients. The model will identify the risks, tensions, and elements of social and cultural context that effect the way antibiotics are prescribed. To find ways to improve antibiotic prescribing, and to consider the potential of various actions to address problems with the use of antibiotics in treating seriously ill patients in different parts of the world. 3. To begin work on a future proposal which would use two types of mathematical models to predict the effect of various attempts to try and improve the use of antibiotics in different contexts. The model or models developed within the grant could be used to improve the success of attempts to influence antibiotic prescription, by making it clearer which actions have the best chance of success in different contexts, particularly in non-high income countries. This would reduce the risk of investing finances, time, and energy in unsuccessful projects. The work will lay the ground work for future international collaborations, and for the development of larger projects to research and test attempts to improve the way antibiotics are prescribed. This might involve a study which interviews patients to explore their role in the prescription of antibiotics. The study will also involve training local researchers in Sri Lanka and South Africa in interviewing skills The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 27539.89 100981.86 50797.02 24040.54 24040.54 25398.51 25398.51 25398.51 25194.45 25194.45 25194.45 27539.89 204717.28 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006221_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The proposed network offers a novel and ambitious rethinking of global transport challenges of developing cities from the perspectives of vulnerable citizens, whose needs at the street-level are often overlooked. The primary aim of this 'Transport and Mobilities Network' is to build capacity for interdisciplinary and cross-sector collaborations between academics, policymakers, project funders and practitioners in the design and delivery of socially inclusive transport systems in four cities in the Global South: Cape Coast, Ghana; Dhaka, Bangladesh, Lagos, Nigeria and Kampala, Uganda. In particular, the network will draw academic and policy attention to the crucial role of transport can play in helping to address better personal mobility, reducing inequalities and create economic growth. and personal mobility The focus of the network is therefore on in developing cities in particular the severe plight of the challenges facing the most highly vulnerable members of the city communities, the urban poor, and especially women, young, elderly and disabled people. Until now, social policy has tended to overlook the severe problems that are associated with the transport system in the rapidly expanding cities of Low Developed Countries (LDCs) and Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs). As such, the severe and increasing threat to livelihoods of the inaccessibility of vulnerable populations to markets, employment and other goods and services remains largely unaddressed within their urban and social development policies. Equally, the need to protect citizens from negative health effects of life-threatening levels of exposure to traffic-related pollutions, increased deaths and casualties from road traffic accidents and whole communities from severance by major new transport projects remains largely absent from transport or health planning. Network activities, including workshops and forums, This networking programme will serve to bring together highly recognised academics who have been working on this topic for many years within the UK with their academic counterparts and key policy stakeholder in the four aforementioned cities. The partners will work collectively to draw together the evidence on the transport and mobility needs of vulnerable populations groups in these countries and to coproduce the methodologies and policy tools that are needed to address their needs in the specific geographical contexts of each case study. The main contribution of the network activities aim will be to draw lessons from countries in the Global North and South that are already promoting policies to address the transport needs and concerns of low income and vulnerable populations, and to explore their applicability and adaptability for countries with less advanced transport and social policy trajectories. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 24818.76 99476.07 8004.19 -678.29 8004.19 25019.79 24818.76 24818.76 24818.76 24818.76 149314.58 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006280_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project seeks to build a new academic-policy bridging network to promote high quality comparative scholarship and knowledge transfer on conflict resolution and peacebuilding in South and Southeast Asia. We focus on Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Indonesia, Cambodia, Nepal, Northeast India, Timor-Leste and Thailand, all of which are at the cusp of a historic transformation, but where the pathway to peace is contested, fragile, and frequently illiberal. Our network has three objectives: (i) to promote and network academic research on comparative peacebuilding in Asia; (ii) to enable knowledge sharing and policy advocacy among scholars, practitioners, and policy makers; (iii) to advance rigorous scholarship through collaborative publications and research proposals. The primary activities, outputs, and expected outcomes of this network will be threefold: (i) three workshops in Asia and the UK that bring academics and policy-makers together between June 2017 and May 2018; (ii) establishing a new website to promote research and knowledge exchange that is rigorous, evidence based, but also accessible; and (iii) developing collaborative research projects on comparative peacebuilding in Asia, to form the basis for joint publications and future large research grants. The PI and co-investigators piloted a 'workshop-field visit' format in 2015, with internal seed funding from LSE, York and ANU, and held a very successful two-day event for scholars, practitioners, media and policy-makers at the University of Yangon, followed by a three-day field visit. With this proposal we seek to scale up that successful pilot experience and intensify dialogue with multiple stakeholders in the region. We plan two workshops with a field visit component, in Sri Lanka (June 2017), and Indonesia (December 2017); with a final workshop in London (May 2018). These events will include distinct components for academic research presentation, policy dialogue, stakeholder conversations, and knowledge-exchange. The intellectual content of our network events is structured around two key policy themes that make peacebuilding in South and Southeast Asia particularly significant and challenging: (1) These 'post' conflict countries are going through political, social and economic transformations that are not linear and liberal, but often troubled, inconsistent and illiberal. (2) Peacebuilding is in most cases happening amidst a parallel transition from authoritarian rule that can be counter-productive to ethnic conflict resolution. Our network draws on an international consortium scholars working on conflict and peacebuilding across area studies, anthropology, criminology, development studies, political science, sociology and law. Since we initiated our dialogue, we have developed close links with our collaborators who will help us expand country, sectoral and topical expertise, and who bring significant institutional depth to our work. Existing members of our network, who participated in the earlier pilot in Myanmar, include Professor Alex de Waal (Tufts), a seminal author on peacebuilding and dialogue in Africa, Professor Jayadeva Uyangoda (Colombo), the pre-eminent political scientist on the Sri Lankan ethnic conflict, Professor Caroline Hughes (Bradford) on peacebuilding in Cambodia and Timor-Leste, Dr Rachael Diprose (Melbourne) on ethno-religious conflict and inequalities in Indonesia, Professor Chaw Chaw Sein (Yangon) on the dynamics of authoritarian transition in Myanmar, Dr Terence Lee (NUS) on the role of the military in authoritarian transitions in Asia, Dr Stefano Ruzza (Milan) on counterinsurgency, criminology and peacebuilding, Professor Duncan McCargo (Leeds/Columbia) on the ethno-nationalist dimensions of conflict in Southern Thailand, Dr Lars Waldorf (York) on the comparative legal aspects of peacebuilding in Asia and Africa, and Professor Sanjib Baruah (Bard), on peacebuilding and politics in Northeast India. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Asia, regional 15043.7 60296.66 12970.89 12970.89 15165.56 15043.7 15043.7 15043.7 15043.7 90505.94 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006299_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The network will define a new research agenda that considers how inclusive growth and structural economic transformation are related in different contexts; and the implications of that for reducing global poverty. The driving ambition of the network is to establish and build the intellectual foundations and academic and non-academic network necessary for a future comparative research project with associated methodologies to be submitted as a large grant or centre application. The network will assemble a highly international group with academics, policymakers in international aid agencies (the World Bank, the IMF, the UNDP and UNDESA) and bilateral aid agencies and networks (the UK-DFID and the OECD-DAC) and civil society organisations from emerging economies (via Oxfam's Inequality in Emerging Powers Civil Society Network), bringing together perspectives from political science, economics, public policy and development studies. The network will also actively disseminate the research to a wider academic, policy and civil society audience via a dedicated website, social media and academic associations. These different stakeholders will co-produce the new research agenda. The network will be based around the following activities: a launch meeting and two substantive international workshops, a set of papers for a journal special issue and accompanying briefs, and a set of concept/regional and country notes; a dedicated website with project outputs and annotated literature searches; literature summaries and relevant datasets. The proposal is directly and primarily relevant to the development challenges of the countries listed because it is about maximising poverty reduction; the project is about inclusive - shared - economic growth and is concerned with maximising the poverty reducing power of sustained, structural change-driven economic growth. The project addresses a point of tension in the developmental objectives of these countries around inclusive growth and structural change which are linked by the dynamics of inequalities. The project will help understand better the inequality dynamics of inclusive growth and structural change and in particular identify how and what policy interventions governments of globalised economies can introduce or adjust or change to seek to balance their developmental objectives of inclusive growth and structural transformation, maximising poverty reduction and attaining the sustainable development goals that relate to poverty. The following countries will directly benefit: India, China, Nigeria, Indonesia, Brazil, South Africa and the Philippines. This list of 7 countries is home to two-thirds of the world's extreme poor. The project would also be of relevance to a range of other new middle-income developing countries as well as established middle-income developing countries. It will also be of relevance to low-income or least developed countries considering pathways and policies for inclusive growth, structural economic transformation and poverty reduction. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL KING'S COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 25202.5 101014.14 10729.31 10729.31 25406.64 25202.5 25202.5 25202.5 25202.5 151623.28 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006329_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY As digital technologies - the internet, web, mobile phones, social networks, 3D printers, etc - spread around the world, both work and business are changing via creation of digital economies. There has already been impact in developing countries: thousands of digital startups, millions working in the ICT sector, millions more undertaking online work for platforms like Upwork. And the potential is even greater: hundreds of millions could access online work platforms, digital businesses like Uber and Airbnb are spreading rapidly, demand for digital enterprises is high, 3D-printing could level the manufacturing playing field, etc. But problems are also arising: most digital startups and digital careers fail; most citizens are unable to participate in digital economies; the benefits of digital work and trade seem to flow more to big corporations in the global North than to workers, enterprises or governments in the global South. The speed of change means much of this is happening in a knowledge vacuum. Researchers are playing catch-up to try to understand these new trends in the global North, but very little research on digital economies looks at developing countries or is done by researchers in those countries. As a result, there are four knowledge gaps about digital economies in the global South. We don't know: - what's going on and where; - the development impact e.g. whether digital economies are increasing or reducing inequalities; - what governments, NGOs and businesses should be doing to create an effective "digital ecosystem" that works for the benefit of all. And as researchers we are not sure what concepts and methods to apply. The "Development Implications of Digital Economies" (DIODE) Strategic Network aims to help fill these knowledge gaps. It has three main objectives: - To assess the current state-of-play and identify a future research agenda around the four knowledge gaps above. - To create a research network with the capacities to implement this research agenda on digital economies and development. - To develop specific research proposals that address identified research priorities. The network consists of senior and junior researchers from the UK, developing countries and other locations around the world who - along with those working in digital economy policy and practice - will work together to fulfil these objectives. Following initial synthesis studies to understand the current state-of-play, we will meet in four workshops - two in developing countries, two in the UK - each of which will address particular knowledge gaps through presentations and working group sessions. Alongside the network itself, by the end we will have produced a final report that provides a future research agenda; a strategy brief to guide those involved in digital economy policy/practice; and a set of research proposals that can put the agenda into practice. Initially, the main beneficiaries will be network members: we will have a far better understanding of what to research next and how to research it, with stronger capacity to undertake this work, and dense contacts to ensure our research is relevant to policy and practice. We will have created research capacity within and between developing countries, so that work on this important and growing phenomenon can be driven from and undertaken in those countries. GCRF and other researchers - especially in developing countries - will benefit from having a clear sense of research priorities and tools, but also from understanding how important digital economies are becoming in the global South. Digital economy policy-makers, entrepreneurs, worker organisations and other practitioners will understand what good-practice actions to take. Through that policy/practice connection, and through the outputs from later implementing our research agenda, we will make a difference to development: helping ensure digital economies work to deliver development goals. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 108917.41 -19881.7 21924.41 21748.25 21748.25 43496.5 130841.82 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006353_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This proposal seeks funding for a Strategic Network to identify research gaps and formulate a research agenda on Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) in developing countries across four sectors: education, health, housing and water. PPPs increasingly play a significant role in the financing and delivery of public services. They are deemed to offer potential for addressing inequalities in provision and access to public services across the Global South. As such, they are promoted as an important development financing mechanism in support of the Sustainable Development Goals (see SDG 17.3 and the Addis Ababa Declaration of the Third United Nations Financing for Development Summit, July 2015). The occurrence of PPPs, however, is not new. They first emerged in the Global North in the 1980s as part of a wider strategy of infrastructure development. PPPs were presented as a means to raise finance without increasing public sector debt. They were also heralded as a way to avoid perceived public sector inadequacies through greater involvement of private sector agents with alleged efficiency and cost effectiveness advantages. By the late 1990s, PPPs were being promoted across the Global South by a number of bilateral and multilateral agencies as the solution to growing demands for public services and the advocacy efforts in favour of PPPs have strengthened in the last few years. Yet, there remains an acute lack of scholarly work on the effects of PPPs within and across sectors in the developing world. Critics have argued that there is insufficient evidence to support many of the claims and assumptions surrounding the presumed benefits of PPPs and their wider ability to contribute to poverty reduction or to address inequalities. Another concern in drawing conclusions regarding the effectiveness of PPPs is that PPP research has tended to remain in sector-specific silos and has failed to address cross-sectoral linkages, challenges or insights. This constrains evaluations of PPPs in general as a means to overcome inadequacies in the public sector. Further, PPP is a loose term that covers a wide range of arrangements across different sectors and it is open to a diverse range of interpretations (IOB, 2013; Languille, 2016; Romero, 2015). This needs unpicking in an attempt to draw lessons regarding PPP outcomes in the developing world. Finally, both the current promotion of and opposition to PPPs largely fail to address some fundamental questions regarding the nature and history of both the public and private sectors in particular regions and countries. The complexities of what constitutes the public and private sectors (types of actors), the nature of PPP partnerships (types of relationships), and their outcomes including with regard to equity (types of impacts) remain to be investigated. This network seeks to address the need to understand PPP processes across sectors, how PPPs are implemented in practice and what the nature of their effects are in terms of dynamics of inequalities. The network will bring together academics, policy makers, development practitioners and other stakeholders to build capacity to interrogate PPPs as a solution to development challenges. In particular, it seeks to foster cross-sectoral and interdisciplinary fertilization by drawing on academic and non-academic expertise of varying disciplinary and sectoral origin. The network will be organised around two hubs located in India and South Africa, with the co-ordination of network activities located in the UK. It will engage in scoping exercises, hold various consultative meetings and a final full network meeting. It embodies an early-careers and capacity building element through a doctoral student mentoring component and will engage in an active communication strategy both within the network and beyond through a website, intranet, other forms of social media, and provision of web-links to network activities. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL BIRKBECK, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 126128.25 -1383.0 -14320.43 25388.85 25184.85 25184.85 50369.7 151517.1 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006469_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) in conflict situations and humanitarian crises has reached epidemic proportions, yet the international community's response is inadequate. The UK Government (2010-15) played a leading role in challenging the culture of impunity attending SGBV, but the House of Lords Report on the Preventing Sexual Violence in Conflict Initiative (PSVI) (2015) noted that legal remedies were insufficient; a survivor-centred approach was required, including strategies to promote social and cultural change (2015: 68). This report further noted that health needs must be paramount in holistic responses (Ibid: 66). The UK Government has been asked to commission research on the effectiveness of its responses in regard to LGBTI people (UK FCO, 2015: 14). This strategic network confronts and responds to the incidence of SGBV against lesbian, gay, bi-sexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) people in situation of humanitarian crises across the Great Lakes Region in Africa, paying specific regard to health, including HIV infection, and access to health services. With reference to HIV specifically, the United Nations (UN) Global Fund, a multi-million dollar fund dedicated to the fight against infectious diseases, recognises the need to address marginalised groups, including LGBTI people and sex workers in combating HIV (2012). The UN Security Council has long recognised HIV risks factors in conflict-affected settings (UNSCR 1983, 2011). UN peacekeepers might be perpetrators of SGBV yet there is little dependable data on the levels of HIV in troop committing countries and inadequate training on SGBV, sexual orientation or gender identity (SOGI) for deploying troops. SGBV has implications for human rights and gender equality. However, the dominant framing and language in which SGBV is couched very often casts only women and girls as victims and so compounds the invisibility of people who do not conform to heteronormative expectations and who are, consequently, stigmatised and often criminalised. The network focuses on the needs of marginalised and stigmatised LGBTI people, impacted by conflict and humanitarian crisis in Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Uganda and Tanzania. This includes populations who have been displaced, internally and across borders. Participants in the network will work at the interface between research, policy and advocacy. Thus, the network will bring together a range of expertise in conflict and humanitarian crisis, peacekeeping, human rights, SGBV, SOGI, global governance, global health, and HIV specifically, with policy-makers and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) who operate on the front line of implementation. It will generate ground-breaking ideas, supported by robust evidence, to inform practical, effective policies. The network will build on existing research, identifying gaps in current evidenced-based knowledge and pin point areas where there is a need for further research, specifically with respect to marginalised groups. It will tackle methodological issues and confront the legal, political, ethical and practical challenges attendant on meeting the healthcare needs of LGBTI people. It will contribute to the development of effective training programmes on SOGI, SGBV and health, including HIV, for UN peacekeepers deployed across this region. It will also disseminate research findings, including initial guidance on workable strategies, to legislators, policy-makers and to other change drivers, at local, national and international levels, in respect to affected and at risk LGBTI communities. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 24935.69 99944.75 -13642.97 -45749.23 25137.68 24935.69 24935.69 24935.69 24935.69 150018.08 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006604_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Within the ESRC core area of the 'Dynamics of Inequalities', this proposed multidisciplinary GCRF Research Network will focus its efforts on women's labour force participation and gender inequality in eight countries in three world regions: Iran and Turkey in the Middle East; Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia in North Africa; and Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka in South Asia. In doing so, it also plans to draw on the related experience and expertise of researchers who have examined the same topic in Greece, Italy and Spain in Southern Europe. This Network will concentrate its efforts in two areas: 1) the interplay of economic structures, policies and institutions in determining women's access to employment and 2) the patterns of women's economic participation as key determinants of gender inequality and social inequality in general. Of central concern in the Middle East and North Africa (the MENA region) is the apparent contradiction that while the educational gaps between women and men have narrowed and women have experienced rapid declines in their fertility rates, female labour force participation (FLFP) rates remain the lowest of any region in the world. In the countries of South Asia, despite variations between countries, average rates are the third lowest in the world, after the Middle East and North Africa. Hence, one of the central concerns of this Network will be to help develop a research agenda that could contribute to explaining why female labour force participation rates are relatively low in these three regions despite their structural differences, and to leverage this contribution to help account for income inequality across households as well as across women themselves. The Southern European countries, particularly the three countries of Greece, Italy and Spain, are very interesting because they have a history of similar problems of social and gender inequalities and there is a rich literature upon which the researchers in this proposed Network could draw to help explain the nature of the historical trends in MENA and South Asia. The exploratory work of this proposed Network in the above eleven countries will concentrate on four major research-related questions. (1) What are the impediments to women's access to jobs? (2) What are the effects on the household-level well-being of women's lack of employment and income? (3) What is the relationship between gender inequality and labour-market segmentation and what is the effect of gender inequality on broader forms of social inequality and income inequality? (4) What are the data requirements for addressing such research issues and what information gaps need to be filled? In pursuing this agenda, our proposed Network will include researchers from academic and non-academic institutions (including NGOs) with vital and extensive experience in our area of focus. Included in these efforts will be PhD students as well as early career researchers. The Network members will constitute a multidisciplinary group, spanning the areas of economics, development studies, sociology, anthropology, demography, statistics and law. These researchers will come together in three workshops, two in London and one in Cairo (the latter in collaboration with the ERF), in order to collectively and intensively discuss the relevant issues and explore potential areas of research on women's labour force participation and gender inequality. As a result of these discussions, the network researchers will be organised into thematic working groups whose members will maintain contact with one another between workshops and will contribute inputs into the Research Briefs and Final Report produced by the Network as a whole. Additional activities of this network will include organising panels at various international conferences and the active dissemination of the network's outputs to other interested researchers, NGOs and international institutions such as the World Bank, ILO & UN Women. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 95082.38 -8351.04 19139.5 18985.72 18985.72 37971.44 114221.86 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006779_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The world's population is ageing rapidly. In 2015, there were 900 million individuals aged 60 and over, of whom two-thirds live in the developing world; by 2050 this figure is expected to more than double to over 2 billion and 80% of these individuals will be living in less developed countries, many of which currently lack comprehensive systems of social protection (WHO, 2015). Globally, the family remains the dominant source of support for social care in later life. However, with increasing participation - particularly of women - in the paid labour market and higher levels of migration, traditional systems of family support are coming under pressure. Across the globe formal systems of long-term care are evolving to complement informal (unpaid) care from family members and non-family networks. In some contexts, such systems are already well developed but in others they are evolving organically with little or no oversight or regulation. The WHO, in its World Report on Ageing and Health (2015) highlighted the imperative of developing long-term care systems that enable older people to receive care and support that is 'consistent with their basic rights, fundamental freedoms and human dignity'. Through the organisation of a series of workshops, the Global Ageing and Long-term Care (GALNet) will facilitate the sharing of insights into the factors underpinning the need for, and present realities of, long-term care and how these might vary across different social groups, along with discussion of alternative models for long-term care from different sources, and the balance between informal (unpaid) care provided by family members and non-family networks, formal support provided by the state or Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), or formal paid for support purchased through the private sector. A key outcome of the Network will be its final report, which will identify a future research agenda for the long term care of older people within a rights based framework, drawing on south-south learning. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 105537.33 5126.72 5126.72 21244.01 21073.33 21073.33 42146.66 126781.34 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P006906_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The severe labour exploitation encapsulated in terms like 'forced labour', 'bonded labour', 'child labour', 'human trafficking' and 'modern slavery' is widely regarded as a major contemporary development challenge. Indeed India alone is said to have to have the highest number of modern slaves (18.3 million) in the world (Global Slavery Index 2016) and many regions including South Asia, Africa and Latin America face the gravest challenges in achieving "decent work for all". Although governments and civil society have decried such practices as 'the underside of globalisation' and as an affront to human dignity, passed anti-slavery and anti-trafficking legislation, and spent over £1.5 billion since the turn of the century on anti-slavery policy, the world's leaders have nevertheless placed 'forced labour', 'human trafficking' and 'modern slavery' at the heart of the Sustainable Development Agenda, with SDG 8.7 calling directly for their eradication. This reflects the fact that policy aimed at ridding the world of severe exploitation is consistently hampered by a dearth of nuanced, sophisticated empirical understandings. The Beyond Trafficking and Slavery network (BTS) exists to fill precisely this gap. BTS is a multi-disciplinary group of academics and civil society organisations from the global north and global south who are experts on the severe exploitation targeted by SDG 8.7. Established in 2014, BTS operates primarily through openDemocracy.net, an established 'digital commons' based in the UK that commands an annual readership of over nine million unique visitors. Combining the rigour of academic scholarship with the clarity of journalism and the immediacy of political advocacy, it brings together scholars, policy-makers, and civil society organisations keen to advance understanding of, and policies to address, the structural, political, economic, and social root causes of global exploitation, vulnerability and unfree labour. In the past two years alone, BTS has published over 300 articles from more than 200 contributors, and entered into public debate with large institutional actors including Human Rights Watch, the International Labour Organisation and the UK's Anti-Slavery Commissioner. BTS now intends to expand this work by engaging directly with research and activism in developing countries from South Asia (India), Africa (South Africa) and Latin America (Mexico). BTS will convene regional workshops in these countries bringing together all relevant stakeholders, including critical academic voices, high-level political officials, NGOs, the UN, labour and business organisations, donors, civil society and individuals with expertise on severe labour exploitation. It will host capacity-building trainings for local and regional civil society alongside these workshops, co-ordinate joint mapping of the knowledge terrain around SDG 8.7, and joint articulation of a research agenda that can equip policy-makers, particularly in the global south, with the conceptual and empirical tools necessary to achieve it, fostering south-south knowledge sharing in the process. BTS will conclude its expanded network activities by drafting a report for the ESRC-GCRF (given its focus on migration and development, inequalities, and inclusive growth) entitled The Global Research Agenda for SDG 8.7: Understanding and Addressing Forced Labour, Human Trafficking and Modern-Day Slavery. This will be shared widely with global stakeholders engaged around SDG 8.7, as will workshop proceedings and the latest research. Public dissemination will take place through the BTS website at openDemocracy.net, using text, podcasts, and video, as well as a targeted social media strategy. BTS will also lay the foundations for a UK-based Centre for the Study of Modern Slavery, which will position the UK as a world leader in responding to this development challenge, in turn informing future UK donor and research policy. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL KING'S COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 24440.38 97959.48 24557.29 24557.29 24638.34 24440.38 24440.38 24440.38 24440.38 147038.2 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P007074_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The proposed network will investigate the diverse forms of gender violence that exist across war and peace. Gender violence (defined as violence committed against individuals or groups on the basis of ascribed gender) is a major issue in global politics. The aim of ending violence against women and girls is a centre-piece of women's human rights activism, a primary element of the international community's Sustainable Development Goals, a foundational pillar of the Women, Peace and Security agenda mandated by the United Nations Security Council, a major target for the UK Department for International Development, and the focus of the UK's recent Preventing Sexual Violence Initiative. Because of these policy agendas, there is a major need for research on the complexities of gender violence. This network focuses in on one distinctive conceptual approach to this complexity: the continuum of violence framework. In broad terms, the "continuum of violence" stresses the continuities between war and peace, and amongst the varying categories of violence, to emphasise that the best available explanations attend to long-standing inequalities of power characterising society at large, rather than exceptional moments of large-scale violence and crisis. In other words, it suggests that we best understand violence by looking at its everyday and structural character. To better frame research on these issues, the Network focuses on four country situations where the continuum of violence framework is relevant to UK overseas development policy: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Iraq, Lebanon and Sri Lanka. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the failure of institutions to properly address post-conflict sexual violence continues to be a major issue, and Network participants will share their research on why gender violence has been neglected even in such a high profile case of post-conflict reconstruction and transitional justice. Gender violence is a significant feature of the extreme situation of conflict in Iraq, both in terms of displacement and in the targeting of groups on the basis of ethnicity or the ascribed sexual orientation, but with roots preceding and adjacent to the current crisis. With colleagues in Iraqi Kurdistan the proposed Network will advance understanding of what drives this violence. Mass inflows have led to major economic and social strain in Lebanon and are themselves reflective of multiple sites for gender violence affecting female but also male refugees - in the conflicts they fled, in transit, in refugee camps, and in exploitation through transaction sex. Sri Lankan society is struggling with transitional justice after decades of civil war, with high levels of sexual violence reported during and after the formal end of hostilities. Tens of thousands of IDPs remain in the country's north, with continuing issues of ethnic division and lack of justice liable to impede sustainable peace and economic development. The Network will advance understanding of the continuum of violence by: 1) bringing together researchers, practitioners and activists; 2) assembling a comparative picture of the multiple and related forms of gender violence as they exist across war and peace, leading to a more sophisticated understanding of variation and appropriate responses; 3) produce research summaries, short videos, blogs and policy briefings that reflect ongoing challenges across the country situations; and 4) facilitate collaboration for substantive future research projects in order to translate insights from the strategic network into a lasting knowledge base that may inform academic, policy, practitioner and activist attempts to mitigate gendered violence in all of its forms. The Network will achieve its aims through a series of meetings in London and in the four countries themselves, and make use of these meetings and published outputs to engage the policy community and prepare the ground for further primary research on gender violence. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 23766.46 95258.34 -21954.56 23958.96 23766.46 23766.46 23766.46 23766.46 142983.76 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P007198_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY One of the most pressing challenges for many developing countries is how to achieve and maintain peace. Conflict makes development in any form (economic growth; poverty reduction; increased human rights protection) extremely difficult to achieve. This has been recognised by international organisations and aid donors, and much development assistance is now directed to conflict resolution in Fragile and Conflict Affected States (FCAS). This network focuses on one of the main ways in which states and the international community now approach conflict resolution: the promotion of justice initiatives. The use of 'transitional justice' (TJ), including trials, commissions of inquiry, reparations and amnesties, has increased markedly since the 1990s, with justice seen as a way to end conflict and achieve societal reconciliation. Academic and donor work has attempted to assess the impact of TJ on peace and development, but has produced inconclusive, even contradictory results. This leaves a significant research gap, and a pressing need to fill it as donors increasingly fund justice projects as part of development agendas, and policy makers and advocacy groups seek to achieve justice for, and promote the welfare of, conflict-affected populations. The network is motivated by a desire to better understand the relationship between justice and development by focusing on four conflict-affected developing countries (Colombia, Sri Lanka, Syria and Uganda). Each of these states (or opposition groups, in the case of Syria) is currently making decisions on what kinds of TJ institutions to build, often under pressure from the international community, but without robust evidence about the likely impacts of their policy options. The network brings together 18 academic and non-academic experts, plus civil society project partners, who collectively have a broad range of knowledge and experience in the case sites and elsewhere. Project partners will facilitate links with stakeholder groups (including those whose voices tend to be marginalised within policy circles, such as those displaced and dispossessed by conflict; woman; youth) and arts organisations, to feed alternative sources of knowledge into the network. Most participants are either nationals of developing states or work in them. The aim of the network is to develop interdisciplinary research agendas, relationships and capacities to understand the interactions between TJ institutions and development in FCAS. To achieve this aim, the network objectives are 1) Develop ambitious and impactful comparative research agendas on justice and development in FCAS, including applying for at least one large grant; 2) Synthesise, map and disseminate existing research and identify knowledge gaps, including by engaging alternative sources of knowledge; 3) Foster interdisciplinary engagement by capacity and relationship building; 4) Engage policy makers, advocacy groups and publics in case sites and elsewhere. The network will be hosted by the LSE Centre for International Studies. It will achieve its objectives through three sets of activities: 1) Project workshops, to be held in Colombia, Sri Lanka, Lebanon and Uganda (plus a 'virtual' workshop). Workshops will be attended by all network participants plus local researchers and stakeholders. They will be structured around conceptual frames (e.g. Conflict/ Peace; Legal/ Political; International/ Local) rather than cases or disciplines in order to generate creative approaches to research questions and methods. 2) Activities organised around workshops to maximise engagement with, and benefits to, stakeholders, e.g. public roundtable discussions; meetings between network participants and policy makers, journalists, non-academic stakeholders and PhD students; exchange visits to case sites for network participants. 3) Virtual engagement via an interactive project website (including open access resource centre), a series of blog symposia and a LinkedIn Group. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 25185.02 100944.08 25389.06 25389.06 25389.02 25185.02 25185.02 25185.02 25185.02 151518.16 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P007228_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Examining Gender in Higher Education (EGHE): exploring gendered patterns of participation and success in STEM and beyond. A UK-African Countries Network. The proposed network, Examining Gender in Higher Education (EGHE), draws together academics and activists to share and build knowledge and expertise on key areas of concern in gender and higher education (HE) comparatively across a range of African countries as well as the UK; and to build the foundations for sustained research that will address key issues of pressing concern in the field. One key area of concern has already been identified: participation and success of women students in STEM subjects. This is a crucial focus area in relation to the goals of gender equality and social justice, and directly supports key priorities of network member countries in terms of economic and infrastructural development. Scoping work will be undertaken in this focus area and also more broadly on issues related to gender and higher education in member countries as part of the EGHE network's activities, in order to produce policy briefings and to identify and develop further key areas for future collaboration (including a joint research bid). The network involves a collaborative partnership between academic colleagues with interdisciplinary expertise based in Rwanda, Uganda, and The Gambia; and at the University of Glasgow, UK, where the administration of the network will be undertaken. Finally the network will benefit from partnership with a prominent pan-African NGO working on issues relating to gender and education, with a key identified focus on STEM: the Forum for African Women Educationalists (FAWE). Network Aims Overall aim: To bring together academics with expertise and interests in gender and HE, and gender and STEM in the UK and in a range of African countries to benefit from mutual knowledge exchange. Sub-aims: To collaborate on activities that will expand/exchange knowledge on current issues of concern affecting women's participation and success at HE (as students/graduates and/or academic staff) in the countries involved (looking at issues in individual countries and also comparatively across countries) To specifically look at the issue of women's participation in, experiences of, and success at a range of STEM subjects in the participating countries (again with national and comparative foci) To encourage cross- and interdisciplinary collaborations (notably between educationalists, sociologists and STEM academics) To develop the research capacity of ECRs in all participating countries To provide strong research links that will form the basis for future collaborative research projects on these themes Network Activities The network will create impact in relation to policy and practice within and outside HE institutions, by engaging with policymakers, practitioners, and other stakeholders through a range of activities including two Scoping Exercises mapping the current literature and key issues in members' national contexts (one on the topic of Gender and STEM in HE and one identifying further areas of key concern). The findings of these exercises will be developed into accessible policy briefings, translated into French, which will be disseminated at a number of academic and stakeholder events including FAWE's triennial general meeting in Nairobi. Further network activities include an accessible website/social media presence; the production of a short film for the website; and academic outputs including a peer-reviewed journal paper and a collaborative research grant proposal. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 68275.63 7797.72 7797.72 13743.47 13633.04 13633.04 27266.08 82019.1 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P007384_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY There is increasing awareness that across the world some groups in society are being excluded from opportunities while other groups enjoy unfair advantages. This unjust state of affairs appears to be getting worse rather than better, even in countries where wealth is increasing overall. There is agreement among many international bodies working in low and middle income countries that equality and fairness must be given more priority in future in order to improve the economic wellbeing and life chances of all people in these countries. Failure to do this in the past has led to most people from minority ethnic and religious groups being more likely to have low paid work, to live in slums with risky conditions and to have poorer access to healthcare, education, finance and public transport. People from these populations are also excluded from systems for justice and government and from decision-making about things that affect their lives. This kind of unfairness leads to public unrest and unstable societies. Public services can be a major influence on how well individuals from ethnic and religious minorities are able to participate in society and be treated as full citizens. Supporting institutions to provide services more effectively to people from such groups is an essential issue for cities that want to be inclusive. This involves political and social challenges, however, as competition for work and resources often drives conflict between ethnic groups. Institutions can also fail to give priority to this issue, especially when statistics they collect to see how well they are doing do not even record ethnic and religious differences. The Socially Inclusive Cities Network will focus on how research might help reduce these inequalities. We will look at research evidence from across the world on the experiences of people from minority ethnic and religious groups and any ways that public services have tried to reduce unfairness. We will also hold workshops in India, Kenya, Nigeria, Vietnam and the UK with experts on this topic, including voluntary and advocacy organisations that represent people from these populations, policymakers, service professionals and others who can contribute. We will specifically consider the needs of women and young people in minority ethnic and religious groups as they can face additional layers of disadvantage. Workshop participants will discuss the evidence available as well as gaps in knowledge and what further research might help move things forward. We will identify common issues across different public services and factors that apply to specific institutions and we will focus on what might help change things. We are especially interested in minority ethnic or religious populations that experience the highest levels of social exclusion in low and middle income countries. We also want to identify strategies that can be used across different services within a city so that things change across the board and help create 'inclusive cities'. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 25161.27 100848.88 10973.75 10973.75 25365.07 25161.27 25161.27 25161.27 25161.27 151375.2 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P007406_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Summary This initiative addresses a key challenge faced by developing country governments as they seek to achieve the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals agreed in September 2015. Many of these countries are seeking to guide their own development through a set of processes, policies and practices that can usefully be termed the 'new national planning'. Following an era of often ritualistic national planning, the 1980s and 1990s saw the very idea of producing national development plans as discredited. This was partly due to a lack of local ownership and commitment to plans produced, but also due to donors and international financial institutions promoting more market and less state centred ways of achieving development goals. While the 2000s saw the return of something approaching a comprehensive policy framework for development in the form of national Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs), there is now evidence that national development planning has firmly come back into vogue. Our initial research shows that over 100 countries, a majority of them in the global south (including many of the largest and fastest growing), have a national development plan or similar document. These are usually very different from the formalistic national development plans of the 1960s and 1970s and involve much greater use of measurement, evidence and modelling. This is a renewed interest and belief in National Planning albeit in a very different globalised context characterised by unpredictability and complexity. The Sustainable Development Goals will be implemented through locally driven plans that take into account this global complexity and uncertainty and yet reflect the priorities and contexts of individual UN member states. Planning approaches cannot therefore be the same as before and indeed our preliminary dataset is showing the emergence of new ways of planning that strive to cope with uncertainty and complexity. This new national planning has attracted little research interest, yet there is growing evidence that it has implications for how countries respond to the global and local challenges confronting them. Little systematic mapping of national planning processes and outcomes has been done and there is limited understanding of the processes shaping the new national planning at the national or global level. Neither the World Bank nor the UN, for example, have assembled comparative studies or datasets. More importantly, some crucial questions are emerging not least related to whether this new national planning produces better national ownership, accountability and ultimately better development outcomes than did either the PRSPs or the previous generations of planning (or non-planning). Our partnership will investigate this topic through a cross-disciplinary research/practitioner network and will strengthen capability for research and innovation across seven ODA recipient countries. We will establish a multi-disciplinary network of scholars, practitioners and policy makers who will analyse and better understand this re-emergence of national development planning in the global south. This strategic network on the 'new national planning' will create a new research and knowledge community that understands how national planning helps governments to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals in an era of complexity and uncertainty brought on by combined effects of forces of globalisation and climate change. The network will analyse development plans and create: an analytical framework for comparing plans; a detailed database of this new generation of plans; (at least) seven detailed case studies of the new national planning in ODA countries: and, a comparative analysis of National Planning in the 21st Century. The network will bring together policy makers, researchers and other development actors to identify key areas for future research and actively seek funding to establish a major applied research programme. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 109863.24 3874.77 3874.77 22114.8 21937.11 21937.11 43874.22 131978.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P007465_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The Network on Legal Regulation of Unacceptable Forms of Work responds to the substantive and methodological limitations of the research on the regulation of precarious and low-quality jobs. The Network will support a rigorous, global, interdisciplinary and policy-oriented reflection on UFW. The aim is ultimately to generate crucial comparative insights into the challenges and potential of UFW regulation. The project will (1) establish an international and interdisciplinary Network of researchers and policy makers committed to an authentically global account of the regulation of UFW that fully incorporates the needs of developing countries, and (2) develop interlinked research agendas on key sites of regulatory intervention. The Strategic Network will nurture collaboration between researchers from multiple disciplines, developing countries and advanced industrialised countries, and policy-makers at all levels. The aim is to generate meaningful insights into the design and implementation of domestic and international laws. The Network will centre on Global Regulatory Challenges (GRCs) in UFW regulation, identified as among the most urgent and complex issues that face lower-income countries. Each Network Team will address labour market/regulatory phenomena in two paired countries across different income levels. The Teams will (1) map the existing 'state of the art' on the GRCs and (2) devise research strategies that can identify the most effective regulatory and policy strategies to address each, with a particular focus on developing countries. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL DURHAM UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 28271.15 56542.3 18012.38 18012.38 28271.15 28271.15 28271.15 113084.6 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P008100_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Our use of antibiotics has escalated. We are often most aware of antibiotic use when we treat infections - for people, and animals. However, their use is more widespread. We use them routinely to reduce risks of infection amongst people with vulnerable immune systems, in farming livestock, to manage infection and to promote growth and even in crop farming. This widespread use is linked to a rise in antibiotic resistance (AMR). The amount of antibiotic chemicals in circulation is held responsible for driving selection pressure amongst bacteria such that some infections become untreatable with previously effective drugs. This can have dramatic consequences for both health and economics. And yet, scientists have emphasised the lack of evidence for using antibiotics in many scenarios. For example, it is estimated that at least 50% of human antibiotic usage has no clinical benefit. Policy makers are agreed that we must reduce our reliance on these medicines. But how? Efforts to change end user behaviour are often called for but thus far have not had the widespread impacts required to curb the emergence and spread of resistance. In this research, we propose that antibiotics are embedded within our socioeconomic infrastructure in such a deep way that attempts simply to change behaviour of patients, physicians of farmers are peripheral to our underlying dependency on their use. We suggest that by understanding the ways in which antibiotics are intertwined with our lives, institutions and infrastructures today we may identify ways to replace their use while minimising unintended consequences. For example, attempts to reduce use of one antibiotic often increases the use of another. Removing antibiotics all together may require a more systemic intervention such as the promotion of recovery time. In so-doing, however, other consequences could occur for the workforce and for economies tied up with pharmaceutical production and sales. We need to look closely at measures that have already been taken to reduce antibiotic use and understand what their consequences have been, as well as play out potential new interventions in different settings. If we are able to identify effective measures to reduce reliance on antibiotics in different scenarios, this will be more cost effective and timely than one-size-fits-all efforts to change end user behaviour. The issue of AMR is global, and is expected to have most severe consequences for low and middle income countries (LMICs). The need to reduce use of antibiotics in these settings presents a particular challenge, where markets fill the gaps of fractured health systems. An access-excess balance is described whereby many in need of antimicrobials remain untreated while these medicines are commonly used unnecessarily. This scenario persists despite decades of research and programmes into the rational use of medicines in LMICs. New approaches are needed to uncover the significance of antibiotics in our societies, to understand why the imperative to target their use so difficult to enact. This project presents a fresh approach beyond the traditionally delineated domains of social, biological or clinical sciences. The project aims to launch the AMIS Hub, an internationally recognised centre of excellence for developing, implementing and disseminating high quality research on antimicrobials in society, and two initial studies in Thailand and Uganda with the following objectives: 1. To understand the roles of antibiotics in every-day life and infrastructure 2. To evaluate the impact on care of imperatives to restrict antibiotics 3. To identify and rehearse counterfactuals to antibiotic use This project will generate a critical mass of researchers undertaking high quality research into AMR, high quality comparative evidence indicating the nature of our reliance on antibiotics and recommendations for alternatives to antibiotics that will minimise unintended consequences. Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malawi, Myanmar, Viet Nam and Zimbabwe are secondary beneficiaries of the project. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 89269.37 -89865.19 89269.37 1812101.39 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P008313_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Context of the research: Antibiotics are important to prevent infections after several types of surgery. The growing number of infections that cannot be treated with antibiotics may mean that many basic types of surgeries cannot continue. Around the world a large amount of all antibiotics are used during the surgical process. Antibiotics in surgery are used to prevent infections from happening after surgery (it is called 'prophylaxis') and for the treatment of infections after surgery. Infection after surgery is a growing concern in many countries. 23 million infections after surgery (or 'surgical site infections', SSIs) lead to 2 million deaths every year. Using antibiotics in the right manner is a sure way of preventing infections after surgery. For example, if the right antibiotics are given at the right time before surgery, then up to seven times less antibiotics are needed after surgery because less people get infections. Aims and objectives: The care before, during and after surgery (inside and outside of hospital) must include using the right antibiotics at the right time for the correct amount of time, making sure that there are no missed or late doses. The wellbeing of patients including nutrition and ability to move about can also affect how quickly they recover if they do get an infection. To get this care right at each stage, a lot of coordination and communication is needed between all the different health professionals (nurses, surgeons, anaesthetists, pharmacists), patients and carers involved. Because so many key parties are involved in this process, it is an ideal place to do research to understand ways of thinking about the correct use of antibiotics and behaviours such as hand hygiene which can prevent infections from happening in the first place. This study will use social science research to find out what helps individuals, teams and patients to practice safely and use antibiotics in the right way as described above. The study will research these issues in England and Scotland as they each have different ways of organising and managing surgery. We will also carry out research in countries where there are less resources but they still manage surgery in the same way (India, South Africa and learning from Rwanda). The studies in countries outside of the UK will also tell us how behaviours can be changed when different health professionals are involved, and when antibiotics are less available within hospitals but also available from other sources. Methods: The study will last four years and will start with an analysis of all factors within and outside of healthcare organisations which may influence how antibiotics are used. The methods we use at the moment to change behaviours of professionals and patients will be evaluated. New methods will also be designed, developed and also evaluated, and may include using new technologies such as computers or smartphones. We may also change the roles and expectations of different professionals within teams or changing the incentives or penalties associated with proper use of antibiotics. Some of these may involve patients and carers taking a more active role. Potential applications and benefits: By understanding the full context where surgery occurs, we will cover aspects of care within and beyond healthcare settings. As we will understand factors such as availability of antibiotics, financial pressures, regulation as well as what patients expect of their healthcare system and professionals, the solutions we will propose will be tailored for each setting. As we will be looking at how professionals, patients and carers behave and use antibiotics, it is likely that the new solutions that we propose would become part of routine practice, helping us to keep antibiotics working for much longer. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 398635.21 457174.28 436952.29000000004 296960.19 41027.31 98986.98 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 41027.31 98986.73 98986.73 98986.73 109172.88 109172.88 103387.2 115219.33 114293.57 114293.57 114293.57 114293.57 102569.49 102569.49 193496.23 1688708.95 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P011373_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The world is moving into an unprecedented era of dam-building with more than 3700 large dams currently planned or under construction, much of which are in DAC list countries. These projects have the potential to contribute significantly to the economic and social changes that underpin global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, past experiences show that poorly designed and planned dam projects conversely may have large negative impacts on the poor, and exacerbate political instability and environmental degradation. This proposal seeks to create the knowledge base, capacity and capability for a 'Dams 2.0' future, in which dams built in DAC list countries are selected, designed and operated to support resilient and sustainable national, regional and global development in a 2.0 degC world. This will be achieved by understanding and assessing dams as interdependent human-nexus (water-energy-food-environment) system interventions and enabling stakeholders to negotiate economic, social, political and ecological impacts despite future uncertainty. Our proposal will address this ambitious goal through unique cross- and inter-disciplinary research and capacity development partnerships between three sets of key actors. First, our project will stimulate collaboration between several UK centres of research excellence in development, water-energy engineering, economics, food security, climate change, finance and ecology (the universities of Manchester (UM), Cambridge, University College London (UCL), Surrey, Newcastle and Southampton, the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), and the International Water Management Institute (IWMI). Second, we will consolidate links with a carefully selected network of researchers and policy-makers in 4 countries/regions (The Centre for Science and Industrial (CSIR) - Water in Ghana, Technological University of Yangon in Myanmar, Jordanian Institute of Science and Technology in the Middle East region, Institute of Economic Growth in Delhi, India). Thirdly, we will seek to work collaboratively with some of the world's most influential development organisations such as The World Bank (WB), International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), The Nature Conservancy (TNC), the International Hydropower Association (IHA), and the Climate Bond Initiative (CBI). Dams 2.0 is led by a team with a proven track record in successfully managing large consortium grants across multiple countries and disciplines that focus on applied development and policy impact challenges. Our work will provide tailored guidance and build capacity for water-energy-food systems management in each of our case studies regions. In addition, our project will create a framework and accompanying software toolkit for dam system design and training worldwide. This online software will link several open access water, energy, food, and ecological simulation models to state-of-the-art decision-making under uncertainty approaches. This software will be made accessible via an associated suite of online training materials (games & modules we plan to develop with IWMI and the World Bank) for use by dam selection/design/operation teams globally in a range of settings. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 594010 2166732 2099954 2366416 747986.84 373993.42 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -432000.00 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -432010.77 373993.42 373993.42 900163.0 470460.0 483443.0 512350.0 513018.0 517950.0 534493.0 534493.0 543877.0 543877.0 539489.0 539489.0 302628.0 291382.0 8162095.57 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P011500_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The concept of 'development corridors' is increasingly used to support economic growth in Africa, driven by international as well as national interests. Development corridors have tremendous development potential yet they face significant challenges. These include uneven development impacts, traversing so-called "underutilised" lands that are generally already populated and managed, and vulnerability to climate change. Such challenges result in a lack of appropriate research capacity in the region. This proposal aims to addresses these challenges through engagement with decision makers and by developing relevant capacity within research institutions and researchers in eastern Africa, China and the UK. The research is targeted to generate decision-relevant evidence and feed it into key decision making processes in order to improve the sustainable development outcomes of investments in development corridors. The proposal is focused on corridors in eastern Africa, particularly the Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania (SAGCOT) and the Lamu Port and Lamu-Southern Sudan-Ethiopia Transport Corridor (LAPSSET) in Kenya. The consortium is led by the United Nations Environment Programme-World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), who would be contracted as 'WCMC', and comprises five universities (Cambridge, London School of Economics, Nairobi, Sokoine University of Agriculture and York) and three boundary agents (World-Wide Fund for Nature (Tanzania), African Conservation Centre (ACC) and the China National Centre for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation (NCSC) of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC). The work is structured around three outcomes and six Work Packages, fully integrating research and capacity development, and significant policy engagement and outreach. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 290334 1077240 1062802 1298819 107180.99 10297.93 13147.67 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 13147.67 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 10297.93 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 10297.93 13147.99 94033.0 516214.0 258107.0 262249.0 262249.0 259751.0 262249.0 270401.0 270401.0 270401.0 270401.0 268219.0 268219.0 150457.0 139877.0 4217478.79 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P500641_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Postdoctoral Fellowships awarded to Early Career Researchers in International Development. The ESRC GCRF Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme provides a career development opportunity for those at a relatively early stage of their academic career who can demons The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 125000 250000 -879.31 125000.0 125000.0 125000.0 500000.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P500653_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Postdoctoral Fellowships awarded to Early Career Researchers in International Development. The ESRC GCRF Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme provides a career development opportunity for those at a relatively early stage of their academic career who can demons The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 325000 250000 -72506.3 125000.0 125000.0 325000.0 700000.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P500896_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Postdoctoral Fellowships awarded to Early Career Researchers in International Development. The ESRC GCRF Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme provides a career development opportunity for those at a relatively early stage of their academic career who can demons The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 300000 300000 -697.92 -90087.66 150000.0 150000.0 300000.0 600000.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S000623_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project seeks to explore and facilitate the ways in which indigenous knowledge can inform international responses to the adverse effects of climate change and resource extraction specifically, and support sustainable, equitable and inclusive growth and development generally. It will do so by engaging with indigenous communities in three developing countries, Bolivia, Uganda and Papua New Guinea (PNG). These countries were chosen as compelling case studies to demonstrate a diversity of geographical, historical and political contexts faced by indigenous groups, yet with shared experiences of rural poverty, particularly among marginalised indigenous populations. The majority of people in Bolivia, Uganda and PNG are dependent on subsistence-based livelihoods with agriculture and livestock as key components. Mining is endorsed as a main income generating activity to promote development in these mineral-rich countries, alongside markets for natural resources. Despite some benefit from associated livelihood opportunities, indigenous people remain one of the poorest social groups with indigenous women particularly marginalised from the benefits of economic growth. Most developmental projects with indigenous people have been paternalistic and failed to build on local knowledge and skills. We aim to support sustainable, inclusive and equitable development and growth by looking into the ways in which a strengthened international engagement with indigenous knowledge can inspire innovations in science and political practices and principles and to generate output and impact that can be replicated elsewhere. To do so, we will engage with, and examine the role of, indigenous peoples and Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) in delivering sustainable, equitable and inclusive development in line with the 2015 Paris Agreement and the 2016 EITI Standard. As a first step, we will a facilitate a local Assembly in each indigenous community (in Lomerio in Bolivia, in Karamoja in Uganda and in Ok Tedi in PNG) and participatory videos to develop guideline reports stating how the community wishes to address climate change and resource extraction, reflecting their ancestral and place-based knowledge and visions for the future. The results will be captured also through digital story-maps, which combine storytelling through text on photo or short video clips linked to a geographic location on a digital map, and communicated through a published book. Together, this can provide a powerful platform for sharing key results with stakeholders and broader publics. As a second step, the project will facilitate Roundtables in a nearby city among indigenous and government representatives to co-create governance responses to climate change and resource extraction. As a third step, the results from Step 1 and Step 2 will be discussed at international conferences on climate change and resource extraction to inform and influence international negotiating and governance processes. In this way, indigenous knowledge and visions can contribute to the delivery of sustainable, equitable and inclusive growth and development. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 137631.1 276377.02 278615.68000000005 -150088.03 69934.88 69934.88 69372.96 69372.96 69372.96 69372.96 68815.55 68815.55 68815.55 68815.55 692623.8 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S000658_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Economic development that is inclusive of all its citizens requires appropriate and sustainable links between industrial and social policies. An inclusive health sector can produce a healthy and educated working population; industrial innovation and investment can generate the low cost commodities and services essential for universally accessible health care. However such beneficial interactions, linking social inclusion to industrialisation, have to be actively built at local level: a demanding process of centring decisions within the different domains of industrial, trade and social policies on identifying routes to equitable growth via universal access to care with industrial viability. This research aims to demonstrate "how to do it" in practical terms in low and middle income East Africa by tackling a "hard case" where current trends may actively generate inequality unless countered: access to cancer care. Cancer is an emerging health crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa: a sharply rising disease burden, very poorly diagnosed, that requires currently expensive medication and equipment not widely available, so that many go without treatment because of inability to pay. However, innovative technologies, and off-patent medicines offer potential for lower cost care: many of these are being developed in India, a country with a strong pharmaceutical industry and a track record of low cost production of health sector inputs. Furthermore, a number of African countries have a pharmaceutical industry that is actively upgrading to more complex technologies. In East Africa, much industrial production and innovation is strongly networked with Indian industrial partners and suppliers, including India-Africa joint ventures. This research brings together an expert cross-disciplinary team from East Africa, India and the UK to research the scope for linking innovation in industrial production and in health care to increase the accessibility of low cost cancer care, including prevention, diagnosis, treatment and management of disease, in Kenya and Tanzania. The research team aim to work across the public/private, industry/health, and India/Africa boundaries to generate and evaluate a number of scenarios for lower cost prevention, diagnosis, treatment and management of a range of cancers; and the scope for further innovation and for Africa-based industrial production of relevant technologies. These scenarios will bring together specific innovations in industry and health care, and will be developed, evaluated and debated interactively with key stakeholders in order to maximise the scope for impact on improving access to cancer care, and industrial development opportunities, in the East African context. We also expect India to benefit from new ideas for linking industrial innovation to health care need and access. Researchers will work actively from the start with health and industrial policy makers, manufacturers and regulators in India, East Africa. The East African team includes clinical expertise and expertise in health economics, epidemiology, health systems, industrial development and innovation; the Indian team is led by an expert in industrial-health linkages in the Indian context and includes health and industrial expertise; the UK team has strong expertise in innovation and technology management and scenario building and evaluation, as well as health-industrial linkages in African contexts. The team is built on substantial past research collaborations among team members and has long standing networks and competence in accessing collaboration from manufacturers; we have recruited an eminent international advisory panel to guide the research and dissemination. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL THE OPEN UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 136678.18 298124.1 264712.36 -9760.78 63463.6 63463.52 62953.59 74831.65 74831.65 74831.65 74230.4 74230.4 74230.4 62447.78 699514.64 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S001050_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Poverty and mental health are closely linked. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), young people in poverty have a high risk of developing or maintaining mental health problems. The stress and environmental conditions associated with poverty increase the risk of mental health problems. Additionally, the disability and high costs faced by people with mental illness can maintain poverty. Currently, most evaluations of antipoverty interventions focus on socioeconomic or general well-being outcomes, but rarely examine the effects on mental health. At the same time, the main focus in the field of global mental health has been to improve access to treatment, but with little focus on the impact of interventions on future life chances and poverty. This study aims to (1) understand the mental health impact of antipoverty policies and (2) how mental health interventions influence the life chances and risk of poverty amongst young people. To do this, we will use multiple interdisciplinary methods to understand the costs and the impact of potential interventions and associated pathways to improved life chances. We will analyse seven different datasets from six low- and middle-income countries. We will also collect qualitative data from interviews and focus groups with young people from economically deprived circumstances. Qualitative data will provide information on: (i) experiences and meaning of poverty and mental health problems, (ii) personal experiences of being involved in antipoverty programmes or receiving mental health interventions, (iii) challenges or barriers to engaging with the antipoverty and mental health interventions and (iv) ideas for future interventions. Additionally, from the start of the project, we will work together with community members: young people from deprived circumstances, service users, health practitioners and policymakers. Workshops will help us to gather insights into how our findings can be used to develop and test new interventions, for example by combining mental health and poverty programmes. Mental health problems are common among young people from economically deprived circumstances in LMICs and it is known that experience of poverty and mental health problems can have long lasting effects into adulthood. Providing more effective intervention during this period could be help reduce the impact of poverty and / or prevent mental health problems early in life, thus increasing future life chances, including opportunities for education and employment. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 197095.84 395788.12 398993.96 -153449.0 100150.83 100150.85 99346.14 99346.14 99346.14 99346.14 98547.92 98547.92 98547.92 98547.92 991877.92 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S004297_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The aim of this proposal is to support more effective implementation of dual apprenticeship in India and Mexico and to strengthen the capacity of project partners to evaluate their apprenticeships in the medium to long term. Dual apprenticeships combine a strong component of school-based education with highly regulated work-based training in integrated learning plans leading to a formal qualification and have proven successful in Germanic countries. They are being introduced by the federal governments of India and Mexico to raise the quality of current provision of skills, to improve the labour market conditions for young people, and to increase the productivity levels of the workforce. However, policy transfer across different political, economic and social contexts raise important academic, policy and practice questions: Why and how dual apprenticeships are adopted and re-contextualized by national governments? And, how and under what contextual and institutional circumstances do dual apprenticeships create better and more equitable social and economic outcomes for young people? To answer these questions, our study develops a comprehensive research approach that scrutinizes the different, but mutually constitutive stages of policy transfer, from the adoption and re-contextualization of dual apprenticeships in national programmes to their implementation and impact on social inequalities in multiple local contexts. A robust comparative and multi-level methodological strategy that combines quantitative and qualitative methods will contribute to advancing such an innovative approach. First, we will synthesise international evidence on the adoption, implementation and impact of dual apprenticeships in low and middle income countries through a realist literature review. Second, we will analyse the drivers of the adoption and re-contextualization of dual apprenticeships in India and Mexico through the analysis of policy documents and in-depth interviews with key policy stakeholders. Third, we will evaluate the implementation and impact of dual apprenticeships on inequalities of access, learning and labour market outcomes among young people through a mixed methods realist evaluation that will combine a national survey of apprentices in India and Mexico with in-depth interviews to apprentices, teachers/trainers and employers. Finally, we will provide evidence-based policy recommendations to inform current design and implementation of dual apprenticeships at the same time that will strengthen the capacity of project partners to evaluate their apprenticeships through innovative methodologies. The two middle income countries selected for the comparison, India and Mexico, face important educational and socioeconomic developmental challenges that justify the interest in the impact of their dual apprenticeship programmes. India and Mexico present high percentage of young people out of school in upper secondary education (48%, 42%), high occurrence of informal employment (92%, 60%) and large inequalities of income as measured by the GINI index (35, 48). From a policy transfer perspective, they present similarities and differences in the adoption of dual apprenticeships that make the comparison particularly interesting. Both countries share the strong national ownership of the reform and its wide systemic scope, which has already led to significant legislative changes in both countries. On the other hand, while the adoption of dual apprenticeships in India represents an upgrade of its current model of apprenticeships, in the case of Mexico it implies the creation of the first apprenticeship experience in a country where the whole TVET provision was delivered in schools. Given the different TVET traditions and political economies in these two federal countries, it is expected that the factors driving and mediating the adoption, implementation and impact of their dual apprenticeship programmes will differ between them and at local level. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 79685.56 319387.7 321974.74 -4882.87 80981.68 80331.02 80331.02 80331.02 80331.02 79685.56 79685.56 79685.56 79685.56 721048.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S006982_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Waterproofing Data investigates the governance of water-related risks, with a focus on social and cultural aspects of data practices. Typically, data flows up from local levels to scientific "centres of expertise", and then flood-related alerts and interventions flow back down through local governments and into communities. Rethinking how flood-related data is produced, and how it flows, can help build sustainable, flood resilient communities. To this end, this project develops three innovative methods around data practices, across different sites and scales: 1) we will make visible existing flows of flood-related data through tracing data; 2) generate new types of data at the local level by engaging citizens through the creation of multi-modal interfaces, which sense, collect and communicate flood data, and; 3) integrate citizen-generated data with other data using geo-computational techniques. These methodological interventions will transform how flood-related data is produced and flows, creating new governance arrangements between citizens, governments and flood experts and, ultimately, increased community resilience related to floods in vulnerable communities of Sao Paulo and Acre, Brazil. The project will be conducted by a highly skilled international team of researchers with multiple disciplinary backgrounds from Brazil, Germany and the UK, in close partnership with researchers, stakeholders and publics of a multi-site case study on flood risk management in Brazil. Furthermore, the methods and results of this case study will be the basis for a transcultural dialogue with government organisations and local administration involved in flood risk management in Germany and the United Kingdom. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Brazil 66439.9 133417.96 114507 23764.46 23764.46 33489.05 33489.03 33489.03 33489.03 33219.95 33219.95 33219.95 33219.95 361893.78 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S007687_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Project beneficiaries: The ESRC-funded elements of the project will primarily benefit people in Bangladesh, a Least Developed Country. The project research findings will contribute to increased resilience of poor and insecure migrant communities in developing countries, especially in Bangladesh. The research aims to promote and enable joined-up and transformative approaches to inclusive development, informed by analysis of outcomes and behaviour putting poor people’s experiences, aspirations and capacities at its core. Specifically, the planned activities will provide new insights into the impacts and experiences of migrant populations, including ethnic minorities, in highly urbanized areas of Bangladesh. It will do so through co-production between researchers, migrants and planners of new empirical data on how migrant perceived wellbeing, place-attachment and adaptive capacity intersect with poverty, security and the environment. Project description: This research integrates comprehensive insights on migration into theories of transformation to sustainability. There is unprecedented concern over involuntary migration globally affecting insecurity and human rights. But both domestic and international migration has enormous transformative potential for individuals and societies. Transformation theories assume static populations and fail to recognize both positive and negative impacts of the movement of people. This gap limits explanations and intervention strategies for sustainability. The objective is therefore to use theory and rigorous empirical research to expand knowledge of transformations to sustainability by incorporating migration dynamics. These specifically include: the impact of aggregate flows of people on sustainability; the individual lifecourse dimensions of sustainability; and the governance of migration and sustainability. The research will develop a comprehensive migration-sustainability model, and develop insights on sustainability strategies at local, national and international scales. It will build global capacity of social science to explain and engage with migration dimensions of transformations to sustainability. The interdisciplinary social-science led consortium from Europe, North America, Asia and Africa builds on on-going methodological innovation and deep collaboration. The research design involves modelling, observations and action research at global scales and in research sites representing the full range of so-called migration transitions. The outcome will be co-designed advances in theory and salient and workable sustainability strategies reflecting real world migration dynamics. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF EXETER Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Bangladesh 22976.41 134138.65 135225.19 34011.25 33737.98 33737.98 33737.98 33737.98 33466.89 33466.89 33466.89 22976.41 372231.67 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S007792_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY CON-VIVA is grounded in the premise that conservation is critical to transformations to sustainability but that its practices need to change radically. Conservation can be effective in protecting biodiversity in places, but in toto has failed to halt global biodiversity loss. Continued habitat fragmentation and reduced funding during times of austerity compound this problem. Many conservationists now acknowledge this, leading to vigorous 'Anthropocene' discussions on how to reconfigure human-wildlife relations, protected areas and the role of economic development in conservation. CON-VIVA's key objective is to conceptually refine and empirically test the prospects for one proposal emerging from these debates: convivial conservation. This new model responds to the T2S themes by moving beyond protected areas and faith in markets to build landscape, governance and funding pathways that integrate conservation and poverty reduction, while enhancing prosperity. CON-VIVA investigates the prospects for convivial conservation by comparing cutting-edge conservation cases that address human-wildlife conflict involving apex predators in Finland, USA and DAC-countries Brazil and Tanzania. Our hypothesis is that if 'living with' apex predators can be effectively combined with new forms of economic development, a transition to convivial conservation can be boosted significantly. By organising the project around integrated academic-practitioner networks on local and global levels, we will better understand the conditions for this transition, while conceptualising and popularising a new model for conservation. This allows CON-VIVA to contribute to SDG15 and to inspire and enhance broader transformations to sustainability. CAN YOU READ THIS? The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 26550.2 106415.84000000001 107277.76000000001 26982.04 26765.24 26765.24 26765.24 26765.24 26550.2 26550.2 26550.2 26550.2 312307.5 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S008241_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The Governance of Sociotechnical Transformations (GoST) project will focus on transformation processes in three areas of crucial relevance to sustainable development, relating in particular to pressing imperatives in countries of the Global South: energy systems, agriculture, and urban digital infrastructures. Each implicates intricate North-South linkages that must be better understood for global sustainability efforts. Adopting a systematic comparative approach, GoST will use sociotechnical imaginaries as a conceptual tool to make sense of how collective imaginations of transformation have determined present conditions. Many challenges in the three focal areas are related to the prevailing imaginary, and solutions may require radically new imaginaries. Through analysis of two interlinked parameters of transformation (dimensionality and temporality) across five nations (Germany, India, Kenya, UK, US), leading research centers in each will examine, in cooperation with key stakeholders, the differences between imagined and experienced states in each focal instance of transformation in each country. By rethinking transformation through these lenses, GoST presents a methodologically innovative, integrative, empirically grounded approach that goes beyond usual characterizations of transformation as a linear process of development. Expected outcomes and impacts: GoST will demonstrate feasible choices among alternative pathways for enacting socially progressive transformations towards sustainability, producing insights of immediate practical importance regarding how such transformations can best be governed in each selected area: by whom (Call Theme 1), to what ends, by what means (3), and with what welfare consequences for affected groups (2). The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 29145.06 116816.31000000001 117762.5 29619.11 29381.13 29381.13 29381.13 29381.13 29145.06 29145.06 29145.06 29145.06 352581.18 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S008276_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Billions of people around the world rely for their everyday existence on groundwater. Its invisibility, however, makes groundwater notoriously difficult to govern, also complicating efforts to avoid depletion or pollution. This project sets out to comparatively study promising grass-roots initiatives of people organizing around groundwater in places where pressures on the resource are particularly acute (India, Algeria, Morocco, USA, Chile, Peru, Tanzania). As these often defy or challenge conventional wisdom, the project's hypothesis is that these initiatives contain creative insights about ways of dealing with the intrinsic tensions that characterize groundwater governance: between individual and collective interests and between short-term gains and longer-term sustainability. Focusing on groundwater practices - of knowing, accessing and sharing - we combine qualitative ethnographic methods with hydrogeological and engineering insights to explore the knowledges, technologies and institutions that characterize these initiatives. Our aim is to enunciate and normatively assess their logic and functioning in view of tracing overlaps or patterns that allow them to serve as more generic models for transformations to groundwater sustainability. This effort is inspired by theorizations of water as simultaneously social and natural, builds on recent critical scholarship on institutions, and has a particular sensitivity to how the distribution and use of groundwater is mediated by technologies. Our overall aim is to create global action-research collaborations to generate new inspirations for thinking about and dealing with interconnections and interdependencies between humans and groundwater The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 26179.93 104931.77 52783.96 -67366.23 26391.98 26391.98 26391.98 26179.93 26179.93 26179.93 26179.93 316710.61 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S008292_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The objective of TAPESTRY is to examine how transformation may arise from below in marginal environments with high levels of uncertainty. Climate change uncertainties, especially at the local level, constitute one of the main challenges to the sustainability of societies and ecosystems, calling for systemic transformative changes. While uncertainty can exacerbate anxieties about the future, it can also provide an opportunity to create transformation and deep structural change. TAPESTRY focuses on three patches of transformation in India and Bangladesh - vulnerable coastal areas of Mumbai, the Sundarbans and Kutch - where hybrid alliances and innovative practices are reimagining sustainable development and inspiring societal transformation. TAPESTRY is organised in a transnational and transdisciplinary consortium across the UK, India, Bangladesh, Norway and Japan. Its conceptual innovation lies in studying transformation as praxis, by putting bottom-up change and the agency of marginalised people at the centre and by analysing how co-produced transformations can be scaled up and out. The project is particularly relevant to theme 1 and 3 of the call, i.e. governance, wellbeing, quality of life, identity and values in relation to transformations to sustainability. All these lie at the heart of the welfare and development challenges faced by India (a lower middle income country) and Bangladesh (least developed country). The project's outcomes and impact will inform processes to improve the quality of life of marginalised people affected by climate change related uncertainties, build action and capacity amongst all partners whilst generating evidence of how bottom-up transformation can take place in marginal environments. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South Asia, regional 32303.23 129474.58 130523.34 32828.67 32564.89 32564.89 32564.89 32564.89 32303.23 32303.23 32303.23 32303.23 390787.18 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S008306_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The objective of the ST-ASGM project is to consider whether a transformative approach towards sustainability can arise in Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM). Supporting the livelihoods of millions of people in low and lower middle income countries, ASGM has potential to contribute to sustainable development across the 17 SDGs. However, negative impacts generate critical barriers to sustainability. Anthropology is an entry point for an interdisciplinary approach to better conceptualize the dynamic, heterogeneous reality of ASGM and to identify potential for sustainable transformations in these shifting social settings. Capitalizing on existing ASGM partnerships, this research forms the basis for a trans-continental and trans-national project organized within 7 Work Packages for integrated comparative sustainability tracking between South America, West Africa and East Africa. To add value to global research efforts, 'Sustainability Conversations' will enhance impact, co-producing knowledge with mining actors to understand sustainability from miners' own perspectives. A strategic evidence-based summary 'Visions and Vistas for Sustainable Futures in ASGM' will contribute to policy influence. Giving creative expression to people's understandings of sustainable mining futures and building impact, is an exciting collaboration between African photographers from NUKU studios, Ghana, and the Museum of Ethnography of Material Culture, the Netherlands. This incorporates the co-production of visual images with African and Brazilian gold miners, as the basis of a travelling exhibition 'Moving Mine Matters' between West and East Africa, Brazil and Europe. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF READING Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 23111.4 92632.80000000002 93383.12999999999 23487.33 23298.6 23298.6 23298.6 23298.6 23111.4 23111.4 23111.4 23111.4 279589.41 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S008322_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Transformations to sustainability rely on innovation with complex diffusion and adoption processes. The role of intellectual property (IP) and IP rights (IPR) in sustainability transitions remains insufficiently understood. IPR can delay transitions by blocking new technologies, but if used effectively can encourage private investments, knowledge sharing and collaborative learning. The project transforms our understanding of how intellectual property (IP) models accelerate sustainability transitions integrating theories and concepts from sustainability, IP and innovation research. To date, sustainability and IP research have been studied independently. This project contributes to the integration of both fields through frameworks that conceptualize (i) which, (ii) how and (iii) under what conditions IP models accelerate sustainable transitions, in connection with sustainable business models. Hence, we build an interdisciplinary research community that furthers our understanding of dynamic sustainable economic development. An IP model typology, a sustainable business model typology and conceptual frameworks will be developed based upon case studies in clean energy and circular economy in developing and developed countries. With a Delphi study and simulations, the frameworks will be tested for further sectors. To create impact in industries at different levels, we develop and promote tools for selecting suitable IP and business models, best-practice cases and guidelines, awareness and training kits for key stakeholders such as policy makers, funding organizations, businesses and start-up incubators, education institutions and technology transfer offices. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 45076 135003.71999999997 136068.81999999998 33274.46 33274.46 34759.95 34759.95 34759.95 34759.95 32741.91 32741.91 22538.0 22538.0 382697.66 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501323_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 60243 36979.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 60243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501335_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 50243 26979.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 50243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501347_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 65267 -2393.55 42003.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 65267.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501359_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 49658.979999999996 -466.13 26395.12 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 49658.98 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501360_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CARDIFF UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 30243 -6440.26 6979.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 30243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501372_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 50243 -50243.0 26979.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 50243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501384_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF EXETER Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 38227 -13081.24 16513.93 7237.69 7237.69 7237.69 38227.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501396_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 35823 -4923.03 12559.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 35823.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501402_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 30243 6979.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 30243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501414_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 50243 -3447.41 26979.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 50243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501426_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 35743 12479.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 35743.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501438_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 71369.6 48105.74 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 71369.6 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S50144X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 68923 -1476.19 45659.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 68923.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501451_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 50243 26979.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 50243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501463_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 30243 -8704.43 6979.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 30243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501475_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL KING'S COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 30243 -7792.44 6979.14 7754.62 15509.24 30243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501487_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 35243 11979.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 35243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501499_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF YORK Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 36545.96 -2691.03 13282.1 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 36545.96 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501505_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 40243 -8449.53 16979.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 40243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S501517_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Additional funding for UK research organisations holding ESRC Impact Acceleration Accounts to support a range of activities. projects were expected to focus on: • building relationships to develop the potential of social science researchers to contribute The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL DURHAM UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing countries, unspecified 30243 -15344.47 6979.14 7754.62 7754.62 7754.62 30243.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T001615_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The objective of the proposed work is to help build a community of practice around policy-focused longitudinal observational research in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim is to strengthen capacity and effectiveness in the conduct of such research among GCRF delivery partners, and other researchers running large-scale international development studies in LMICs through an innovative programme of methodological and operational reflection and learning amplified through an integrated communications strategy. The programme will draw primarily on the experience and expertise of staff and former staff of the Young Lives study but will also benefit from the knowledge of Young Lives collaborators, advisory committee members and other researchers and research managers. The work will focus on two critical areas: research design and research governance and impact. Two further themes are proposed for a second year: data management and ethics. It will explore the opportunities, challenges and lessons learned from Young Lives research over more than 15 years, highlighting the justification for key decisions, as well as the mistakes made and solutions devised along the way. It will complement existing Young Lives methodological outputs and be driven by questions, themes and topics that are critical for effective delivery of international development research in LMICs. (See Case for Support) The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 50000 99999.98999999999 21365.13 26858.39 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 26858.39 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY AND INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 21365.13 49999.99 50000.0 50000.0 250810.01 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T009918_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Context: The working conditions for today's typical garment worker are poor. The majority of production is located in the global south, mainly in parts of Asia, and ODA countries feature prominently as locations for production. With low associational power and limited access to remedy, workers need international allies in order to get their voices heard. The Clean Clothes Campaign (CCC) has campaigned for the accountability of brands and lobbied policy makers for some 30 years. One of its core mechanisms for interacting with human rights defenders (HRDs) and other civil society actors is its Urgent Appeal (UA) system. Through the UA system workers and their organisations can contact CCC for support. Examples of UAs taken up by CCC include large scale disasters such as the Tazreen fire in Bangladesh in 2012, which killed over 100 workers, the Ali Enterprises Fire in Pakistan in 2012 where 265 people died, and the Rana Plaza building collapse in 2013 which killed over 1,000 workers and injured 2,000 more. In addition to health and safety, UAs may also relate to workers' rights such as freedom of association, wage theft or in relation to intimidation and harassment of HRDs. Each UA case file is a repository of information which, if organised, coded, analysed and fully utilised, could provide support for advocacy and campaigning at both international and local level. In 2018 researchers at Cardiff University were awarded funding under the IAA NGO data fund, with the aim of constructing a user-friendly dataset of UA data that could be used by CCC in strategising campaigns, identifying tactics that have worked in specific contexts and providing a strong evidential base for targeted lobbying and advocacy. The project concluded in March 2019 with its limited objectives met, but having highlighted the need for further work to improve the accuracy and consistency of the data across cases and undertake more detailed analysis of relationships between variables in UA case histories. Aims and objectives: The overarching aim of the proposed project is to maximise the use of UA data that CCC holds but has not hitherto fully utilised. Such data has significant potential as an evidential base for decision making, strategic planning and targeting of tactics in campaigning and advocacy. Two key objectives sit at the centre of the current application: Research Objective 1: To further review and evaluate the UA IAA database in collaboration with CCC colleagues, with three aims: a) to address issues highlighted to CCC in March 2019 around incomplete or inaccurate data, thereby improving its comprehensiveness and accuracy; b) to undertake a comprehensive needs analysis and assess the functional capacity of the UA database for future usage in the light of sectoral trends; c) to make recommendations for the maintenance and utilisation of the dataset within CCC. Research Objective 2: To analyse the UA database in greater detail and embed it in the CCC network as a strategic tool with direct application to advocacy and campaigning. Such analysis would involve, for example, the tracking and mapping of violations, identification of successful campaigning strategies and exploring relationships between violations according to country characteristics and national / institutional variations. Potential application and benefits: The project will provide CCC with more easily accessible data and an evidence base for campaigning and advocacy at the international level as well as acting as an operational tool for Urgent Appeals Coordinators (UACs) who need to access information in conditions of extreme complexity. Ease of access to data analysis provides potential for identification of effective tactics to assist campaigning in conditions of limited resource. It also offers potential for shared learning beyond the life of the Urgent Appeal, with benefits accruing to workers and civil society stakeholders in ODA countries. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CARDIFF UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 53473.12 107379.33 -32530.21 26953.09 26953.12 26736.56 26736.56 26736.56 26736.56 160852.45 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S004564_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Despite important economic and social achievements in Peru in the last decades, the country's education system and labour market remain both under-developed and highly unequal, hindering young people's possibilities for accessing meaningful jobs. Our research will examine the reasons behind this problem by looking at what drives young Peruvians' decision-making in relation to their higher education, training, and skill acquisition; what constrains the development of skills through childhood and adolescence; and why some young Peruvian men and women are more likely than others to find decent and meaningful work. We follow a three-tier approach: We begin by looking at the factors affecting young people's decision to enrol in higher education, paying particular attention to the types of skills (cognitive and socio-emotional) that young people who access high- or low-quality higher education institutions possess. We also look at what defines young Peruvian men's and women's career choices, highlighting the role of social and gender norms. We then turn to analysing specific sets of skills: cognitive (maths, language), socio-emotional (determination, teamwork), or technical (including digital). We evaluate how these each matter for accessing formal jobs with the aim of constructing education, skill and training profiles for young formal workers. Future earning expectations of young people are also examined to see whether they are matched with the labour market reality. This will shed light on whether incomplete information about the labour market is an underlying reason why young people engage in low-return activities. Next, we focus on inequality in skills acquisition during childhood and adolescence. Specifically we examine who has access to quality education and training and the role of early-life circumstances in mediating the acquisition of relevant skills. We pay particular attention to the extent to which the basic education system in Peru is effective in developing appropriate skills. Ultimately, we aim to identify outstanding schools - those with very good students in challenging settings - and profile them in terms of their teacher, programme, and infrastructure characteristics. Finally, we investigate the effectiveness of two particular initiatives that are aimed at improving skills of young people. The first is a school-improvement program ("Jornada Escolar Completa") that increases both the contact hours in targeted schools and their resources. Second, we examine the potential role of training schemes to offer a second chance to those individuals who are not able to complete their formal studies. We include young people's voices and experiences to shed light on the role of education and training in their work trajectories and of the support and barriers they face in accessing meaningful work. The study is based on analysis of existing data spanning 15 years - on two cohorts of children as they have aged from birth to 15 years old and 8 to 22 years old. This is supplemented with matching information on schools - including their facilities, programmes and teacher qualifications. We will further complement the analysis by collecting new qualitative data (though semi-structured interviews and focus groups) for two subsamples of employed and unemployed youth and of those attending vocational and training institutions to examine how they evaluate the trade-offs between further education, training and work and how they conceptualise meaningful work. The Peruvian case does illuminate the challenges faced by many LMICs that also have made important strides towards increased education, but where hard inequalities persist in terms of learning, acquisition of skills and youth access to meaningful jobs. The high-quality, timely and policy-relevant research that we aim to produce has thus the potential of shaping policy and recommendations in other LMIC countries, beyond Peru. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL HERIOT-WATT UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Peru 92918.75 -53233.19 31118.75 92918.75 311758.29 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S004564_2 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Research Grant - This research aims at creating knowledge based on in-depth and high-quality interdisciplinary research that explores the individual and structural challenges young people in Peru face to develop relevant skills for the labour market and a The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Peru 146831.34 94122.65 -102304.58 45178.87 48943.78 146831.34 240954.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T010614_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project supports sustainable economic development and welfare in farming communities in the Western edge of the Peruvian Amazon, by assisting a non-governmental organisation (NGO) in Peru called CIMA (Centro de Conservación, Investigación y Manejo de Areas Naturales) to analyse and manage its socio-economic and geospatial data. Through analysis of extensive secondary data on farmer households and agricultural supply chains, alongside geospatial data providing evidence of patterns of deforestation in the landscape, the project aims to gain a better understanding of current practices, challenges, and opportunities for improving agricultural sustainability in the region. It will examine the data needed to inform and monitor the levels of sustainable rural livelihoods and forest conservation in the landscape, and seek to understand how sustainable agriculture (e.g. Fair Trade and organic certifications; agroforestry schemes) can be incentivised and promoted. Importantly, the project will develop standardised processes for data analysis to help support CIMA's objectives for improving the quality of life of local communities while conserving forests. As CIMA is required to report on how its conservation work benefits local people, the project will support the development of a data management approach that is based on community needs and wants, and helps to develop a holistic approach to understanding the links between livelihoods, supply chains, and deforestation. The proposed project will involve collection, cleaning and consolidation of the NGO-held data, and develop a platform on which the data can be stored and easily accessed by CIMA in the long-term. This will support the NGO in project monitoring and evaluation duties, and reporting to funding agencies, impact investors and against policy frameworks such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the UN Convention on Biological Diversity. Following the principles of mutual learning and transparency, all data and analysis will be shared by all members of the project team, and regular online meetings will be held between the research team and CIMA, to ensure that the data platform is developed with the input of users and to ensure that the project meets CIMA's needs. The project is based on a strong relationship between the research team and the local partners, CIMA, who have successfully worked together on a preliminary ESRC IAA fund. The research term at the University of Sussex will organise a series of three participatory workshops (project inception; capacity building; outputs and impact workshops) in Peru, with the project's beneficiaries and stakeholders, including local and national government agencies. This will help to ensure that the project is supportive of Peru's national vision for sustainable development and that the project can inform sub-national and national policy in Peru. Furthermore, the project has important implications for a large international community of practice (including business, civil society, funding agencies, governments) working on the intersection of forests, supply chains and local livelihoods; which demands a strong evidence base for action. The research team is interdisciplinary in nature, bringing together environmental scientists, human geographers, sustainable supply chain and performance indicator experts. Outcomes of the research will then also inform those various academic communities, leading to better understanding of the influences between rural development, agricultural commodity production, including for export to global markets, and environmental conservation. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Peru 54568.54 109579.14 -9300.43 27505.31 27505.29 27284.27 27284.27 54568.54 164147.68 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P00511X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health threat that endangers the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, especially Goal 3 on "Good Health and Well-Being." Leading UK and global strategy papers aiming at improving people's antibiotic usage to fight and prevent AMR thereby focus exclusively on awareness-raising campaigns, but this narrow approach suffers from conceptual, methodological, and empirical weaknesses. In response, our study intends to improve the understanding of patients' antibiotic-related health behaviour to inspire more targeted and unconventional interventions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Speaking to the themes of "awareness and engagement" and "informal markets and access to antibiotics," we will investigate three research questions: RQ1. What are the manifestations and determinants of problematic antibiotic use in patients' healthcare-seeking pathways? RQ2. Will people's exposure to a behavioural health systems intervention diffuse or dissipate within a network of competing healthcare practices? RQ3. Which proxy indicators facilitate the detection of problematic antibiotic behaviours across and within communities? Our interdisciplinary approach frames behaviour within a shared activity space. By drawing on theories and tools from public health, medical anthropology, sociology, and development economics, and by focusing on vulnerable rural dwellers in the DAC countries Thailand and Laos, we will be able to generate innovative and unprecedentedly detailed open-access survey data on antibiotic-related behaviour and its social, economic, and spatial determinants. We aim to maximise complementarities with other ongoing projects in the region that (1) implement biomarker testing and education campaigns in clinical settings, (2) generate mixed-method evidence on cross-cultural patterns of antibiotic use, and (3) engage with the general public to improve global health awareness. We will apply a rigorous three-stage stratified cluster random sampling design to produce district-level representative survey data of the antibiotic use of 2,400 villagers; and we will carry out social network censuses in four communities with a total of 2,400 villagers. Using satellite imagery and digital data collection tools, we can realise these sample sizes at 75% of the cost of conventional survey approaches. Pursuant to our research questions, we will generate novel insights into the nature and variability of Thai and Lao antibiotic usage and health behaviours using the following methods: We will (1) use event sequence analysis and multilevel regression to investigate the impact of technology and digital media as well as economic, social, and spatial characteristics of patients on adverse antibiotic usage, (2) apply social network analysis to understand how knowledge and practice diffuse from clinical interventions into village communities, and (3) use latent class analysis to detect problematic conditions for antibiotic use through easy-to-collect proxy indicators. Under the umbrella of the Oxford Tropical Network-an inspiring and enabling research environment-this project will be made possible through collaboration across world-leading researchers and groups in health behaviour research (KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme; Kenya), health economics and public engagement (Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit in Thailand; LOMWRU in Laos), evidence-based antibiotic policy (Oxford University Clinical Research Unit; Viet Nam), social network analysis (CABDyN Complexity Centre; Oxford), development economics (Technology and Management Centre for Development; Oxford), and global health training (Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health; Oxford). ODA relevance follows from our partnerships, capacity building activities, and research interest in vulnerable groups in LMICs. We apply for £249,804 from 1 January 2017 - 31 October 2018 for this pump-priming research. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 29351.51 117643.8 56038.369999999995 26449.1 29589.27 29589.27 29351.51 29351.51 29351.51 29351.51 204616.48 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S005196_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY In 2018, the Time's Up Movement declared "the clock has run out on sexual assault, harassment and inequality in the workplace". These demands also resonate with the world's major development goals: decent work and economic growth (SDG 8) and gender equality (SDG 5), and influence financial security and good health and well-being (SDGs 1 and 3). Intersections between violence, harassment and labour outcomes are particularly relevant for adolescents, because substantial proportions enter full-time work during adolescence and early adulthood; and global estimates indicate that abuse is prevalent before age 18, with 1 billion children and adolescents aged 18 and under reporting past year violence. However, there is little empirical evidence either globally or in Uganda on how experiences of violence in childhood and adolescence affect a) participation in skills programmes, entry into work, and decent employment; and b) about the extent and nature of physical, sexual and emotional violence experienced by young people in their workplaces. In this project, we will explore whether experiences of violence in childhood and adolescence lead to: inequalities in age at entry into work, retention in work, whether work is hazardous or non-hazardous; and the potential for these inequalities to be mitigated by skills training programmes and education. We will also explore the nature of workplace violence experienced by young people in employment. Our focus will be on Uganda but we will also use international data where relevant. To do this, we will conduct analyses of existing data and a new qualitative study, with input from a new network of stakeholders we will convene. We will map the current geographical coverage of skills training provision in Uganda, and describe how inclusive current skills programs are by sex, age, socio-economic status, disability status; how many existing programs address histories of violence in participants; and how many existing programmes contain any components to address workplace violence. We will conduct a systematic review of international longitudinal studies to explore links between childhood violence and employment outcomes. We will analyse data from 2 international datasets, the Violence against Children Surveys (VACS) from 8 countries, and the International Organization for Migration Trafficked Migrants Assistant Database for Uganda (TMAD). These analyses will tell us about whether and how experiences of violence are associated with working during childhood, and unaccompanied labour migration. We will use data from the Contexts of Violence in Adolescence Cohort (CoVAC) Study in Luwero District, Uganda, which follows adolescents over time. These unique data will provide information on whether previous experience of physical, sexual and emotional violence affect i) age at entry into the labour force, ii) retention in work, and iii) whether hazardous or non-hazardous work is undertaken. We will also document the prevalence of participation in skills programs, and whether this is related to the likelihood of hazardous work, and the prevalence of physical, sexual and emotional workplace violence. All of these analyses will inform questions for our new qualitative study. This study will examine people's experiences of being recruited into skills and employment programmes in Uganda, how programme recruitment mechanisms might in the exclusion of vulnerable young people, particularly those experiencing violence and/or child labour, and young people's views on the provision of violence prevention strategies within skills training programmes. Results from all of these analyses will inform network members about how best to make their skills programs more inclusive and relevant for people with histories of violence, and about how to use skills programmes as a platform to reduce workplace violence against Ugandan young people. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Uganda 39872.09 159811.33 127193.92 29155.78 28921.55 28921.55 40195.04 40195.06 39872.09 39872.09 39872.09 39872.09 326877.34 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S005439_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project investigates the capacity of volunteering to reduce inequalities experienced by displaced youths in Uganda and to build their skills and employability. Forced displacement has become one of the most intractable challenges of the 21st century, with 65.6 million people displaced worldwide at the end of 2016 - a number which is predicted to rise further in the coming years. 1.4 million of these refugees are currently seeking refuge in Uganda, fleeing from conflicts in the Central African countries of South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, and Somalia to the east. The majority of these refugees are children, and so building the skills and employability of the many young people (understood in this research as aged 15 - 25) - caught up in this crisis is critical not only to their own future prospects, but to the long-term stability of their host country and region. Often, however, economic and other inequalities will exclude young refugees from formal schooling and wider opportunities for skills acquisition; while they will also frequently "fall through the cracks" of humanitarian programming. Many, though, are engaged in volunteering, a practice increasingly identified with building skills and enhancing employability. Thus, the aim of this research is to develop a new conceptual framework and produce a body of data and evidence for critically analysing whether volunteering by displaced youths in Uganda helps their skills acquisition and employability and reduces the inequalities they experience. The project will take an interdisciplinary (Youth Studies, Volunteering Studies, Refugee Studies, Urban Studies and Development Studies) mixed method approach, and establish and exploit collaborative links with global South refugee NGOs, volunteers and leading global volunteering and development actors. Fieldwork will be conducted in four case study regions - Kampala city, North Western Uganda, South Uganda, where two of the populations are in the same district, and South West Uganda - and proceed through the following three phases. In Phase 1, the research team will carry out a series of workshops, key informant interviews and field visits in order to build stakeholder engagement, refine and confirm the impact plan, and establish an initial typology of forms and understandings of volunteering to inform the large-scale quantitative survey in phase 2. In Phase 2, the research team will design, develop, pilot and launch a large quantitative survey of young refugees involved in volunteering. Preliminary analysis of the data arising from this survey will inform the questions and focus of phase 3. Comprising 6 main activities - participatory mapping, participatory photography, one to one semi-structured interviews, life history interviews, and stakeholder interviews - Phase 3 will deepen our understanding of where and how young refugees volunteer, address the factors shaping volunteering activity, and its impacts on skills acquisition and employability. The main outputs from the project will include 10 international peer-reviewed journal articles; presentations at major national and international conferences; a project website, containing findings, updates and working notes targeted at different audiences; a compendium of policy briefings; a (touring) photographic exhibition (and accompanying booklet), drawing on images solicited in the context of the participatory photography exercise; and a volunteering for skills acquisition and employability toolkit. By developing a conceptual framework and body of data and evidence on the impact of volunteering by displaced youths in Uganda on skills acquisition, employability and inequality, the research will contribute directly to knowledge which supports how creative solutions to meeting the Sustainable Development Goal challenges work with programmes to develop education and skills. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL NORTHUMBRIA UNIVERSITY Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Uganda 174000.04 350114.20999999996 176119.82 -58943.39 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -67153.89 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -67153.89 176119.82 87704.73 87704.73 87704.73 87000.02 87000.02 87000.02 787234.09 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004059_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Because it increases the morbidity and mortality of bacterial infection, as well as the duration and cost of antibacterial treatment, antibiotic resistance constitutes a significant threat to global public health. The problem is even more critical in low- and middle-income countries which have higher infectious disease burdens, often higher rates of antibiotic resistance, less access to diagnostic tools, and fewer financial resources to purchase newer more effective antibiotics. In South Africa, antibiotic resistance is particularly high, despite an effective drug regulatory system and various initiatives to tackle the problem. Antibiotic resistance is accelerated by the overuse and over-prescription of antibiotics, which is the product of complex interactions between providers' decisions and knowledge, and patients' expectations. Yet research on the determinants of prescribing behaviours from LMICs in general, and South Africa in particular, is limited, and has been criticised for being too descriptive and superficial, with limited insight into the relative importance of different behavioural determinants to be able to prioritise interventions. In South Africa, most research efforts have focused on hospitals rather than primary care, despite the fact the majority of antibiotics are prescribed in primary care, mostly for respiratory infections. This study aims to explore how the interactions between providers and patients influence inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for URTIs in public and private primary care in South Africa. The study will include three components. First, drawing on medical anthropology, we will explore qualitatively providers' and patients' perceptions an experiences of antibiotic prescribing. This will be done through observations of consultations, interviews with providers and focus group discussions with patients. Second, building on the first part and drawing on methods from marketing research, we will design a survey consisting of a series of hypothetical clinical cases where clinical and patient characteristics will be systematically varied; for each case, the providers taking part will be asked indicate what drugs they would prescribe in a list of proposed drugs. The results will allow us to quantify the relative importance of the factors influencing antibiotic prescribing, with a view to inform policy-makers design future interventions. Finally, drawing on recent economics and medical education research, we will move beyond observational research and design a small randomised field study to test the impact of patients' knowledge and financial incentives on the prescribing practices of public and private primary care providers. This will be achieved with the use of standardised patients, who are healthy subjects trained to portray specific symptoms and disclose a rehearsed medical history. These patients will be sent to visit providers who agreed to take part in the research, at a time and under an identity unknown to them. The standardised patients will only differ in their expectations of antibiotics and the insurance status they will disclose. This will allow us to test the impact of these different characteristics on the likelihood of antibiotic prescription. We anticipate that the results will provide invaluable insights into our understanding of prescribing decisions in the public and private sector in South Africa, thereby informing the stewardship programmes for antimicrobial resistance in this country. Beyond this setting, these findings will be useful to other middle-income countries with a similar mix of public and private providers. More generally, we aim to produce high-quality research and develop innovative methods that could be replicated in other low-income settings to study antibiotic prescribing. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South Africa 27998.89 112222.35 56451.36 28225.69 28225.69 28225.68 28225.68 28225.68 27998.89 27998.89 27998.89 27998.89 224898.32 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S00081X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY There are millions of platform workers who live all over the world, doing work that is outsourced or organised via digital platforms or apps in the gig economy. This work can include jobs as varied as taxi driving using Uber, translation on Upwork, or the training of machine learning algorithms through Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Despite the potential of such work to give jobs to those who need them, platform workers have little ability to negotiate wages and working conditions with their employers, who are often on the other side of the world. Our previous research has shown that platforms often operate in relatively unregulated ways, and can encourage a race to the bottom in terms of workers' ability to defend existing jobs, liveable wages, and dignified working conditions. The potentials and risks of platform work touch down starkly in South Africa. A country that, by some measures, has the world's highest income inequality, and 28% unemployment rates. At the same time, the country has relatively well-developed internet infrastructure, and a relatively stable political climate and state/legal institutions. These factors make the country a site in which the platform economy is nascent enough to allow us to co-develop solutions with a multi-disciplinary team from Law and the Social Sciences that will offer tangible opportunities to influence policy and practice surrounding digital work. As other middle- and low-income countries quickly develop their internet infrastructures and millions of more potential digital workers rush online in search of opportunities, the interventions that this project proposes will be of crucial need if we are to avoid some of the 'race to the bottom' that the current world of digital work is bringing into being. Our project will culminate in two key initiatives. First, building on a work package of legal research, a Code of Practice will be developed to serve as an interpretive tool to outline the ways that existing regulations can be made applicable to platform workers. Second, we will develop a 'Fairwork Foundation.' Much like the Fairtrade Foundation has been able to certify the production chains of commodities like coffee or chocolate, the Fairwork Foundation will certify the production networks of the platform economy, and therefore harness consumer power to significantly contribute to the welfare and job quality of digital workers. This programme of work aims to not just uncover where fair and unfair work takes place, but also seeks to codify that knowledge into both a 'Fairwork certification scheme' and an annual ranking of platforms. These two initiatives will ultimately allow for the development of an international standard for good-quality digital working conditions. These objectives will be achieved with 5 project stages. First, the Law team will analyse S. African labour laws, social security laws, and other legal and policy regulations relating to the platform economy, and ask how those laws might be adapted to provide decent work standards for digital platform workers. At the same time, the Social Science team will use a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to map the key issues faced by S. African platform workers: developing a rich understanding of how platform work may be failing to live up to decent work standards. Third, we develop meaningful decent work standards for platform work that happens outside of the Global North. Fourth, we take those standards and use them in a process of action research in which we seek to certify the digital work platforms: assigning them a Fairwork certification if they pass. Finally, through an extended process of stakeholder engagement and outreach with workers, platforms, and policy makers, we plan a short-term strategy of pressuring platforms to change their policies to improve working conditions and a longer-term strategy of influencing the direction that regulation takes in a currently highly unregulated sector. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South Africa 123402.48 283613.7 220256.59000000003 42385.78 42385.78 71917.63 74169.49 74169.47 74169.47 74169.47 73573.52 61701.24 61701.24 61701.24 688544.57 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T003561_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY South Africa's township residents are beset with legacy economic and social challenges of apartheid, poverty, and constrained development opportunities. The scale of this challenge is heightened by migration to cities, and rapid, extensive growth of formal and informal settlements, which are extremely susceptible to environmental risks. Climate change has exacerbated the risk of disasters as these destructive events have increased in severity and frequency. Urban densification, infrastructural collapse, poor post-apartheid governance, as well as mistrust between marginalised communities and state actors has compounded the effects of environmental disasters. Disenfranchised groups, including migrants, unemployed youth, the elderly, and ethnic and linguistic minorities are most at risk of the direct, indirect, immediate and systemic harms of such events, especially as they are intimately and complexly interwoven with structural oppressions, such as poverty, gender discrimination, racism, violence, and political alienation. Infrastructural collapse and emergency or disaster response services to township fire-outbreaks and water-shortages have been met with violence, where breakdown in trust between different levels of government, public services, and township residents have frequently provoked outrage. Three escalating environmental hazards disproportionately and differentially impact on excluded communities on the Cape Flats of Cape Town, South Africa. These are recurrent large-scale fires, widespread water shortages and in-access, and large-scale flooding. To mitigate the social impacts of disasters related to water and fire, and to meet the justice and inclusion priorities of the UN SDGs and UNISDR Sendai Framework priorities of 'build back better', risk-affected communities need to be supported to lead policy and practice changes to reduce these risks The project draws on themes of water and fire to bring disaster risk management to sustainable development by building local capacity in directing decisions for responses to environmental hazards that most affect the marginalised. In an age of government austerity and economic strain, township residents have been forced to become increasingly self-reliant and resourceful. The project will supportively mobilise local knowledges to mitigate disaster by prioritising coproduced, cooperative strategies. These may include coactivation of practical community-driven programmes, but also bottom-up policy strategy development to effectively respond to environmental disasters. We will engage democratic and creative participatory methods to mobilise the lived experiences of affected residents as primary evidence to challenge current disaster management processes and promote community-based resilience actions. Through the systematic co-development of a set of resilience actions, this project will directly benefit risk-affected communities in their efforts to mitigate disaster risks and achieve sustainable livelihoods. These resilience actions include collaborative partnership with risk-affected communities to: assemble local knowledge drawn from residents' lived experiences to mitigate risks; engage indigenous democratic processes and creative interventions to mobilise local knowledge towards proactive responses to disaster risks; mobilise local knowledge to codevelop a set of agreed 15 "Best Bets" as shared, practical resilience actions to help reduce disaster risks; develop these 15 "Best Bets" into a community-driven policy strategy for disaster risk reduction; in the process, create a democratic framework for codeveloping policy strategies and community resilience actions to reduce disaster risks in affected communities. Planned activities will include legkotlas, indabas, community mapping activities, digital story-telling, and public engagement events to showcase creative and useable products of the community-driven engagement process, thus increasing positive societal impact. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF STIRLING Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South Africa 143063.91 306744.12 253263.36000000002 105748.31 58756.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 58756.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 77619.01 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 77618.44 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 28129.3 77619.01 58756.01 58756.01 58755.98 76995.36 76995.36 76995.36 76376.7 76376.7 76376.7 66687.21 914274.59 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T005149_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Inequalities in education and health are deeply rooted in social and economic disadvantage. In South Africa, 38% of children live in rural communities and are significantly more likely to be deprived of opportunities for quality education and health-related quality of life than those less disadvantaged. This research aims to address this persistent structural challenge and establish how schools can beat the odds and enable children to achieve and thrive despite their location in high-poverty communities. This project is grounded in an ethic of social justice and led by a UK and South Africa interdisciplinary team from Education, Health, Psychology, Sociology, and Health Economics. This mixed methods research will establish a comprehensive, empirically grounded theory of practice - i.e. organising schools as enabling spaces for improvement in learning and health. It will focus on the Foundation Phase of primary schooling (children aged 6-9) because: i) this is a critical period of transition from early childhood to middle childhood when early interventions can make a significant impact on long-term outcomes; and ii) this is also a key transition phase when children begin developing a sense of belonging to quality schools that can provide protective environments for those who are 'at risk' because of their dysfunctional early childhood experience. The project will begin with a rapid evidence assessment (REA) and participatory focus group and individual interviews with purposefully selected policy officials, school and community leaders, and other stakeholders (including parents) to scope and assess the research evidence and policy reports over the last decade. The REA will identify new evidence in the key education, health and policy areas where intervention programmes have shown the potential of being most effective in enhancing children's achievement and health-related quality of life in the short, medium and long term; and the range of factors that influence these. The results of the REA and interviews will inform the development of a systems-oriented, multi-layered intervention to strengthen the organisational and professional capacities of schools as enabling spaces for children's learning and development in socioeconomically disadvantaged rural communities. Multi-stakeholder, participatory and collaborative child (family)-school-community partnerships will be used to enhance the design and evaluation of the feasibility, applicability and sustainability of the interventions throughout the project. A six-month pilot will be carried out in 18 rural primary schools in the province of Mpumalanga. Surveys and participatory ethnographic methods will be used with children and adults in schools and their communities to explore how variation in intervention tasks, organisational factors (especially school leadership, professional capacity of the staff, learning culture), and school and community contexts combines to create variability in outcomes (i.e. what seems to work, for whom, under what circumstance). The refined interventions will then be scaled up in an efficacy investigation in 58 rural primary schools (with 4,600+ children, 230+ teachers/school leaders) and their communities in Mpumalanga, North West and Limpopo. Similar evaluation methods will be used to assess the extent of change in schools' organisational and professional capacities and how such change has impacted on children's learning and health outcomes. By examining how schools may be(come) enabling spaces to promote whole-child quality education (SDG4), and through this, transform the health-related quality of life for children and adults (SDG3) in rural communities in South Africa, the research will make a timely contribution to understandings of how different sectors may work more effectively with schools to unlock the transformative power of education for the achievement of the other SDGs. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South Africa 763361.45 212112 868486.53 154904.64 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 154904.64 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 154904.25 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -403772.53 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 558677.25 154904.64 154904.64 58451.99 153660.01 153660.01 152425.36 152425.36 304850.72 1843959.98 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_T010622_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Zimbabwe is a source, transit and destination country for trafficking in persons yet the prevalence of different forms of human trafficking in the country are unknown and its conviction rates and victim identification pattern remain a cause for concern. Working in partnership with NGOs in Zimbabwe to analyse the secondary data they hold on human trafficking, the project will gain the much needed insight into this global development issue using a country specific case study. At an international level, The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons 2000 (Palermo Protocol), which is the legal framework on which governments build their own domestic policy, prescribes the three Ps' of Prevention, Protection and Prosecution as the pillars of anti-trafficking; thus providing a one-size fits all approach to combating trafficking. Yet human trafficking is more complex than often imagined and its dynamics vary according to context, which calls for the need to undertake country specific case studies. Our recent pilot study (conducted by the PI and the UK-based CI) involving secondary analysis of the human trafficking data held by three Zimbabwe-based NGOs (International Organisation for Migration [IOM], Musasa Project and AFCAST) has revealed gaps in policy and practice as well as in public understandings of human trafficking. The data analysed related to the recent case of human trafficking, involving about 200 Zimbabwean women who were rescued and repatriated from Kuwait between 2016 and 2017. The pilot revealed the misrepresentations of human trafficking as solely a case of transnational organised crime; merely a gendered issue; as well as the conflation of human trafficking with sexual exploitation. The findings further highlighted the gaps in domestic policy, showing that Zimbabwe's current Trafficking in Persons (TiP) law is inconsistent with international law as it defines trafficking in persons as a movement based crime and does not adequately define 'exploitation' which leaves many victims of trafficking without legal protection. In short, the pilot work revealed the invisibility of internal trafficking victims and increasing forms of trafficking(e.g. labour exploitation) involving children, men and women whose plight does not normally attract public, media and government attention. To address this gap, we have secured the commitment of four NGOs whose anti-trafficking work spans internal and transnational trafficking. We will undertake secondary analysis of the data that these organisations hold in order to gain deeper insight into the human trafficking activity in Zimbabwe. The four organisations are: Love Justice-Zimbabwe, Childline-Zimbabwe, Kukosha and IOM. Love Justice-Zimbabwe has worked with approximately 700 diverse internal and transnational victims of trafficking since its establishment in 2015. It monitors trafficking hot-spots across the country including border posts as well as undertaking interception work. The work of Childline-Zimbabwe centres around child vulnerability and protection and the organisation operates 34 community-based drop-in centres across Zimbabwe as well as a 24 hour freephone helpline. Kukosha works with vulnerable children and their families. We will also engage with our existing partner, Musasa Project, an organisation that works with vulnerable women. The project will explore four research questions: RQ1: What do the data that NGOs hold show to be the scale, trends and prevalent forms of human trafficking, where and why? RQ2: How are the different forms of human trafficking represented by age and gender? RQ3: What, according to the various datasets, may be the opportunities and constraints that characterise NGOs' anti-trafficking work? RQ4: How can NGO anti-trafficking activities be strengthened? Findings will be disseminated to academics, policy makers and other key stakeholders through for example, conferences, workshops and website. COVID-19 The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Zimbabwe 58776.62 118029.26000000001 -6307.84 29626.29 29626.35 29388.31 29388.31 58776.62 176805.88 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P003931_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The global governance of forced migration is generally used to refer to the response of governments and international organisations to displaced populations; rarely do we think of refugees as the providers of protection and assistance. Yet understanding the ways in which refugees themselves engage in forms of refugee-led social protection ways in which offers an opportunity to fundamentally reconceive support for the displaced in more sustainable and empowering ways. The dominant response to refugees in the developing world is to provide almost indefinite humanitarian assistance in camps in ways that often lead to dependency, and limited assistance in urban areas. Yet alongside these 'top-down' assistance models, refugees often mobilise to help themselves. They are not simply passive victims but often actively engage in the provision of protection and assistance within their own communities. In Uganda, for instance, YARID (Young African for Integral Development) and the Bondeko Refugee Livelihoods Centre are refugee-led community organisations providing a range of services such as trauma counselling, livelihood training, language instruction, and microfinance. However, little is known of the ways that refugee communities mobilise for social protection, nor how refugee-led social protection initiatives benefit the social welfare and economic development of the host countries they reside in. This proposal aims to carry out inter-disciplinary, mixed methods, comparative research in Kenya and Uganda (across urban and rural areas) on the diverse and neglected ways in which refugees engage in the provision of protection and assistance to their own communities. It seeks to identify the diverse forms, scope, and functions of refugee-led social protection (e.g. refugee community organisations, informal insurance such as Somali aiutos, and religious-based giving such as zaqat); to understand and explain the historical emergence and evolution of particular forms of refugee-led social protection; and to test the degree to which refugees' sources of security are derived from external assistance or from their own community-led initiatives. It also seeks to build the capacity of refugees themselves through training refugees as peer researchers and enumerators. This research will be the first attempt to systematically and comparatively explore the role of refugee-led social protection in developing countries. It will integrate social science with historical methods in order to build policy-relevant and academically pioneering insights into the capacities of refugees themselves to offer an alternative to 'top-down' humanitarian assistance in contexts of protracted displacement. Our impact will occur in part through academic articles, stakeholder workshops, webinars for practitioners, and a podcast series and public seminar series for the public at the Refugee Studies Centre, University of Oxford. By identifying ways in which international development assistance can better complement the initiative of refugees themselves, we aim to contribute directly improving the welfare of both refugees and host communities in East Africa and around the world. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 31229.24 125422.88 30754.91 -474.93 30754.91 31482.2 31482.2 31229.24 31229.24 31229.24 242845.81 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P005047_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The application of humanitarian principles of protection and assistance in contexts of forced displacement have, historically, focused on the provision of shelter, food, water, and sanitation and health. Yet people forcibly displaced by conflict, humanitarian emergency, natural disasters and environmental change are also often left without access to modern energy services. Access to energy has often been a missing pillar in the humanitarian response to forced displacement. In 2015 the UNHCR, the Department for International Development, and the Norwegian Refugee Council, alongside Chatham House, the Royal Institute for International Affairs, and international non-governmental organisations Practical Action and the Global Village Energy Partnership sought to address this gap by launching the Moving Energy Initiative. The Moving Energy Initiative aims to make sustainable energy provision a key part of responses to forced displacement and humanitarian emergency, by designing and piloting new approaches and models for sustainable energy provision among displaced populations. As the Moving Energy Initiative lays the ground for future interventions it has identified the collection and analysis of qualitative data on energy use as an urgent research priority. This project - through a 15 month collaboration with the Moving Energy Initiative, its implementation partner Practical Action, and research teams in Kenya and Burkina Faso - aims to improve access to sustainable energy for displaced people by bringing traditions of qualitative research in the arts and social sciences to bear on the way that the humanitarian community understands and responds to their needs for light, heat and power. The research is driven by two questions: 1) What can approaches to qualitative research in social anthropology and design tell us about energy needs and demands in contexts of displacement? 2) What can qualitative data on the energy practices of displaced people tell us about the design of energy policies, products and services? Led by specialists in social anthropology and design at the University of Edinburgh, the project will assemble two teams of energy researchers, provide training in ethnographic, human-centred research methods; and collect 50 situated case studies of everyday energy practices in the Dadaab refugee camp, Kenya, and the Goudoubo camp, Burkina Faso. Key outputs include 1) a review of qualitative methods in anthropology and design for research on energy practices; 2) a report on the lived experience of Energy in Dadaab and 3) Goudoubo, to be published in conjecture with Practical Action and the Moving Energy Initiative; 4) a qualitative methods toolkit, with example techniques, strategies and references for use by energy researchers and humanitarian organisations involved in future studies of energy practice in contexts of forced displacement; 5) a commissioned non-academic essay on 'design for displacement'; 6) a 'design for displacement' protocol (code of best practice, procedures and conventions) for use in the procurement and design of products for sustainable lighting, cooking and off grid energy systems; and 7), 8), 9) three academic research articles that contribute new empirical data and analytical perspectives on energy and displacement to scholarly debates across the arts and social sciences. The project lays out a pathway to impact on humanitarian policy makers through its partnership with the Moving Energy Initiative and its international consortium; on humanitarian or 'pro-poor' designers in sub Saharan Africa through a programme of impact and knowledge exchange activities during Nairobi Design Week 2017; and on academic knowledge in refugee studies, migration studies, development studies, geography, and science/technology studies, fostering future research collaborations through a workshop and publications. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 50131.87 100263.74 50537.87 50537.87 50131.87 50131.87 50131.87 242258.42 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P011306_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This proposal addresses the challenge of achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 (zero hunger), SDG 10 (reduced inequalities), and SDG 15 (ecosystem conservation) in Sub-Saharan Africa. Conflicts and trade-offs between these goals are rapidly intensifying because of ongoing population growth and economic development, while decision makers in government and the private sector continue to base their actions on an insufficient understanding of possible socio-economic and environmental impacts of different agricultural development pathways. The proposed programme aims to enhance the capacity of UK and African organisations to investigate these impacts and trade-offs through a participatory process that combines state-of-the-art research with effective engagement with research users. Its vision is for key government and private sector actors to adjust their policies, strategies and investments to take more account of the impacts, risks and trade-offs within and between socio-economic and environmental dimensions of different agricultural development pathways, and for civil society organisations to have a greater role in shaping the national discourse on agricultural development. The research process will involve a context analysis of each country as a whole, followed by analyses to determine: (i) drivers of current agricultural landscapes, (ii) impacts of different agricultural development pathways on socio-economic factors, biodiversity and the capacity of ecosystems to provide services to people over the long term, (iii) the role of institutions and policies in shaping agricultural systems; and (iv) the political and economic barriers to more joined-up policy and planning. This will inform the building, with key stakeholders, of scenarios for agriculture and land use change, taking into account climate change, predicted rates of human population growth and urbanization, and ultimately leading to an improved understanding of the impacts, risks and trade-offs of different agricultural developmental scenarios. The programme will support stakeholders in 'making sense' of, and using, the refined scenarios to inform policies, investments and advocacy at sub-national and national level. Our interdisciplinary research process will be accompanied by activities to assess and develop both the technical and 'process oriented' capacities of participating researchers and stakeholders (policy-makers, investors, civil society actors / NGOs), with the aim of strengthening their ability to co-develop relevant research and to assess and use the outcomes for decision making and advocacy. New partnerships will be developed between researchers in Africa and the UK, between different disciplines, and between different stakeholder groups in the three countries via National Learning Alliances. The ultimate beneficiaries of this process will be poor rural and urban households who would benefit from more coherent policies supporting the long-term sustainability and resilience of farming systems and local ecosystems. These make up a large proportion of the human population in sub-Saharan Africa and include (a) the poor in rural areas whose food security is based on subsistence agriculture and using income from agricultural labour and cash crops to purchase food to cover gaps, and (b) poor rural and urban populations who produce little or no food themselves, but who are highly dependent on food purchase and thus exposed to food price risk resulting from failure to balance food supply and demand. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South of Sahara, regional 371420.72 1366626.42 1410185.4299999997 1782675.38 279797.31 139898.65 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 146837.46 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -44583.92 139898.66 139898.65 715368.12 357684.06 354811.6 354811.6 351432.63 354811.6 351970.6 351970.6 351970.6 351970.6 331342.61 331342.61 185867.95 185552.77 5630400.39 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004644_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project will investigate Cham Muslims who live across Southeast Asia, speak a Malayo-Polynesian language and exemplify the global and protracted nature of forced displacement. Between the 7th and 15th centuries the Cham occupied coastal plains and mountain zones in today's central and southern Vietnam. They never formed a unified kingdom but rather "a cultural-political space" built around fishermen, shipbuilders, pirates, traders and transregional trade (Taylor 1992: 153). From the 17th century the Cham became part of the Viet polity through gradual and often violent southward expansion and colonization that forced them to take refuge in the neighbouring polities with which they had long interacted. The painful memory of their ancestors' flight to Hainan from Vietnam is still alive among the Cham, who in China are classified as Muslim (Hui). In the 1970s, Cham from the Mekong Delta were among the many persecuted groups during Cambodia's murderous Khmer Rouge regime; thousands fled as refugees to Malaysia and as far as the United States, France, Australia and Canada. Today, both in Vietnam and China the Cham are officially recognized as ethnic groups, but remain economically and culturally marginalized compared to the dominant Kinh (ethnic Vietnamese) or Han (dominant Chinese). Although in Malaysia they could not fully escape poverty, the state constitution recognizes Cham rights to Malaysian citizenship and their Bumiputera status. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and museum representations across three countries on the ODA list-China, Vietnam and Malaysia-the proposed project will offer first hand insights into the multiple social and economic inequalities arising from the lasting repercussions of repeated historical displacements that continue to mark the Cham out as marginal, even centuries on. Focusing on the historically fluid cultural and political identities of those engaged in the South China Sea (SCS) region, we seek to illuminate how perceived ethnic and religious commonalities and differences are interwoven with legislation and domestic discourses in 'host countries' and how they might facilitate or constrain the integration of vulnerable and displaced groups like the Cham. The Cham have been inscribed into the present day nation-state order premised on homogeneous, bounded space that replaced pre-modern, unbounded understandings of space and territory. The proposed research is innovative in focusing on sea/land and translocal, transregional connections beyond the administrative boundaries and histories that are usually framed in nation-state terms, both politically and in scholarly analysis (methodological nationalism). The project's first objective is to critically examine how official discourse and ethnic categorization essentialise the ethnic minorities within the nation-state. The second objective is to trace how they sustain their centuries-old mobility, including political, religious and trade activities that straddle and transgress nation-state borders. The third objective explores how the connection to the global Islamic community spurs the Cham on to (re)define their ethnic, religious and national belongings. Finally, the fourth objective is to chart how the Cham history and mobile way of life is represented and/or silenced in Malaysian, Vietnamese and Chinese museums. At the intersection of anthropology, history, political science and museum studies, this project will play a vital role in building dialogue and knowledge exchange with museum curators and educators around the issue of ethnic and national representation. It will offer a fresh perspective on other displaced groups, such as Muslim Rohingya persecuted in Myanmar who - contrary to Cham - do not enjoy the same rights to Malay citizenship, thereby deepening and diversifying our understanding of different representations of vulnerable groups who do not easily fit into the nation-state frame and whose group identities are not fixed. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Asia, regonal 23558.55 130205.28 32682.62 32682.58 32682.58 32682.62 32682.62 32682.62 32420.02 32420.02 23558.55 242687.6 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P005004_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The experience of forced displacement is profoundly shaped by where people find shelter. The most urgent concern for migrants is how to find safe and stable spaces in which to live, rest and sleep, both during their journey and when they arrive at their destination. Tents and camps dominate media images of forced displacement, but forced migrants find shelter in many other ways. They may make use of abandoned buildings, stay on the floors of friends and relatives, find rest in self-built shelters, or sleep under trees in the natural environment. Some may find themselves placed in reception centres and immigration detention facilities against their will. Others may be housed in specially created spaces, such as 'villages' made from shipping containers or IKEA-designed prefabricated shelters. Still others may find accommodation through private rentals, supported by cash transfers from aid agencies or forms of welfare from governmental bodies. These types of emergency shelter form a vital infrastructure that result from human improvisation and contingency as much as design or planning. At present this infrastructure is very poorly understood. Architectures of Displacement begins with the observation that material forms of shelter offer unique insights into migration and refugees. By developing a new interdisciplinary approach to the physical dimension of the refugee experience, this research will provide unique perspectives upon the processes of human adaptation to new circumstances through displacement. The project will explore the impact of different shelter on the fate of refugees, as well as the political and legal consequences of forced migration and its entanglement with the exigencies of shelter. Given the scale of global displacement and the number of people living in 'non-traditional' spaces in large urban areas, there is a particularly urgent need to understand the variety of forms that shelter takes and the experiences and consequences of living in its various forms. The project draws together three disciplines with distinct but complementary approaches to the study of material forms: Anthropology, Architecture and Archaeology. It will develop a new approach to recording and understanding the variety of temporary architectural forms and material ephemera that are so central to the experience of forced migration. It will document and categorise, for the first time, the diversity and consequences of emergency shelter. And by focusing on the connections between material environments and human experiences, the data gathered by the project will assist policymakers in making informed choices about how to manage the arrival of refugees. The cross-disciplinary approach of this project builds on three main bodies of research and practice. 1) Architecture brings a focus on the significance of the built environment for human life. It provides a way to consider how forms of shelter are constructed and used, a method for categorising different forms of shelter, and a technique for examining how spaces function. 2) Archaeology brings an awareness of time, duration, and loss to the study. It enables the project to explore the connections between abandonment and shelter, the material circumstances of the repurposing of existing structures, the ephemeral interventions and adaptations made in the natural environment in order to shelter in it, and the traces left by refugees through sheltering practices. 3) Anthropology offers a technique for studying how people react to displacement. It enables the project to study everyday life in different forms of accommodation, exploring how beneficiary populations understand, alter, reimagine, and accept or resist the shelters they are provided with; examining the processes, motivations and practicalities through which they find places to shelter for themselves; and exploring the ways in which sheltering practices lead to adaptations in social life. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Middle East Asia, regional 36484.95 132245.24 24692.65 16997.98 16997.98 24692.65 24692.65 34582.69 36484.95 36484.95 36484.95 242609.75 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P010849_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Global trajectories of development embedded in core Western notions of 'good governance', economic progress and democracy promotion, are being increasingly challenged by the rise of smaller states, emergent new orders and their counter geopolitical configurations. In their perception, the western approach still remains essentially 'unilateral', predicated on the 'universalism' of western norms and their seeming 'exceptionalism' rooted in a historic success and post-colonial discourses of Europe (Nikolaidis 2015). Therefore it comes as no surprise that 'good governance' as a way to structure external relations, encounters defiance and resistance from a non-European outside, who feel that their way of being, belonging and believing is ignored, excluded and even 'threatened'. COMPASS advocates for a new conceptual and practical approach to 'good governance', which would place more emphasis on local 'peoplehood' by way of capacity-building, on 'othering' as a way to de-centre and prioritise the needs of local communities, and on connectivity with all-level stakeholders, to ensure lasting and legitimate transformative effect, and dialogue. The project thus seeks to set up the 'hubs of excellence' at the leading HEIs in Azerbaijan, Belarus, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The chosen countries are former Soviet Republics, who share the legacies of the past including unreformed and heavily bureaucratised public sector, autocratic governance, outdated and inequitable education. Furthermore, they remain relatively inaccessible to the international community, and suffer from economic hardship, ongoing ethnic conflicts and Russia's geopolitical pressure. COMPASS does not only aim to address the societal challenges of facilitating sustainable governance, equitable education and resilient and conflict-free communities in the developing countries. It also sets to develop lasting research partnerships with hitherto closed regimes, seeking to bring about change by way of inter-disciplinary research integration in the UK and European research frameworks. In particular, drawing fully on our long-established contacts with the scholars of the region we seek to achieve 3 specific objectives: - promote internationally recognisable specialist excellence capacity for each partner - develop research synergies and joint projects - integrate and disseminate output activities to scholarly, policy and public communities, regionally and internationally To do so, we will establish knowledge platforms in the chosen countries, selected on the basis of their inter-disciplinarity, high research potential, specialist subject niche and connectivity with all-level stakeholders. They include: - Azerbaijan Diplomatic Academy, Centre of Excellence for European Studies, specialising in European Studies, regional security and energy diplomacy - Belarusian State University, specialising in peace-building straddling History, Sociology, Economics and IR - Tajikistan International Shahidi Foundation, specialising in Cultural Anthropology, Identity and Social Psychology - Uzbek University of World Economy and Diplomacy, specialising in Eurasian economic relations and diplomacy practice By conducting a wide range of research workshops, pilot projects, learning and training activities, policy forums, and public events, we would seek to positively impact on the welfare provisions in the developing countries. Looking prospectively, established strategic partnerships and research networks would also greatly enhance the UK academia and the work of the consortium with a long-standing interest in the eastern region and Central Asia. This will be achieved by providing direct and privileged access into hitherto closed autocratic regimes, and insightful research opportunities and synergies. Additionally, it would greatly contribute to the UK and EU policy sectors, offering first-hand evidence on regional security, economic, cultural and diplomatic cooperation. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Central Asia, regional 161735.14 767506.85 736081 904823.24 76081.99 4246.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 4245.67 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -289470.23 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -289470.23 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -289470.23 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -289470.23 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -289470.23 4246.0 71835.99 347964.0 186702.0 184955.24 185202.0 183439.0 185202.0 183720.0 183720.0 183720.0 183720.0 182238.0 217828.85 161735.14 2929747.09 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004008_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Global stewardship of existing antibiotics within livestock systems is a key component of any attempt to manage the incidence and transmission of emergent and resistant bacteria, resistance conferring genes and mobile elements. Yet, global demand for animal derived protein is fuelling investment in and intensification of livestock systems with resulting increases in use of veterinary medicines. These systems have until now relied on medicinal and other inputs as infrastructure that permits increased stocking densities and livestock throughput, while reducing morbidity and mortality. In this sense, antibiotics have become a key component of livestock agriculture. Decoupling agriculture from the risks of generating greater antimicrobial resistance is a key challenge addressed in this project. This project focuses on the growing and under-regulated aquaculture (fish and shell fish production) sector within Asia, which is intensifying to meet domestic demand for animal derived protein and worldwide export markets. We aim to to assess the growing use of antibiotics within this important sector of global food production, and experiment with farm based medicine stewardship strategies that promote sustainable and appropriate use. The project has implications for food security, food safety, human and environmental (aquatic) health as well as the livelihoods of millions of people. The rapidly growing and intensifying global aquaculture industry (the so-called blue revolution) is known to be a major user of antimicrobials and a key gateway for antimicrobial resistance. Reducing or preventing the escalation of non-therapeutic and unnecessary uses of antibiotics requires social innovations that address path dependencies and the socio-economics of livestock production. Detailed knowledge on the uses and socio-economic drivers of antimicrobial inputs in aquaculture is required in order to 1. Minimise the potential risks of aquaculture expansion for human and environmental health. 2. Develop strategies that allow for the prudent use of compounds, particularly where they increase risks of the emergence and transmission of antimicrobial resistance. In this pump-priming project we seek to investigate variability in use of antibiotics and AMR-related inputs within aquaculture, and devise a strategy that encourages appropriate and alternative animal health treatments. We focus on the effective stewardship of antibiotics within the rapidly growing, poorly regulated and heterogeneous shrimp and prawn sectors in Bangladesh. The project involves development of a partnership between UK and Bangladeshi expertise, and involves social scientists, biologists, aquaculture and rural development experts in order to understand the drivers of antibiotic uses and to cooperatively develop with farmers interventions for developing more appropriate treatments and disease abatement strategies. The project will survey shrimp and prawn farmers and hatcheries to develop clear understanding of the relationship between farm inputs, farm sizes and value chain characteristics. This information will be augmented with more detailed interview data with farmers, farm suppliers (those who sell antibiotics and other inputs), market intermediaries, depots and other key actors. The resulting knowledge on the disease as well as socio-economic pressures that farmers face will be used to develop a series of workshops in which farmers will work together to devise a social and technical specification for a farm-based intervention that allows for more sustainable and appropriate development of aquaculture. Once co-developed in the form of an in-principle design, the step-wise approach to design as well as the design itself will be used to seed further funding and impact across the fish and livestock sectors. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Bangladesh 29154.76 116855.2 39906.3 10154.59 10154.59 19953.15 19953.15 29390.92 29154.76 29154.76 29154.76 29154.76 205869.45 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004075_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Context We plan to develop and test the "community dialogue" approach for preventing and controlling antibiotic resistance in Bangladesh. The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance is especially problematic in settings where antibiotics can be bought without a prescription and where they are over-prescribed by health workers and over-used by the public. The World Health Organisation recommends that the general public can help combat antibiotic resistance by preventing infections, using antibiotics only when prescribed by a health professional, completing the full prescription, never using leftover antibiotics and never sharing antibiotics. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has established the Revitalization of Community Health Care Initiative in Bangladesh. They have done so in order to improve access, utilisation and equity of healthcare. This initiative aims to enable community clinics in rural areas to deliver an essential service package to the approximately 6000 people in their catchments areas. So far, around 13,300 community clinics have been built across the country. Members of this research team have already collaborated with MOHFW on developing and evaluating an intervention to improve the quality of essential services provided within the community clinics in Comilla district. A key part of this package was training community health care providers to prescribe antibiotics correctly and this was very successful. Improving provider capacity to prescribe antibiotics correctly is one important component within a range of behavioural issues that impact on the ways in which antibiotics are used. We intend to build on our existing partnership and develop an intervention that improves knowledge and behaviour in relation preventing and controlling antibiotic resistance within communities in Bangladesh, where antibiotics are available not only from community clinics but also from drug stores. Objectives The project has five objectives: to conduct research to inform the content of and processes for delivering community dialogues; to adapt the community dialogues approach to the setting; to pilot-test the approach in the catchment areas of five community clinics; to evaluate the feasibility of the pilot intervention in terms of the number of people it reaches, the extent to which it is delivered as intended, and whether or not is it acceptable to a range of stakeholders; and to engage with key stakeholders, such as policy makers, district health officials, community clinic staff and communities to ensure that the intervention is appropriate. Applications and benefits We will ensure that the community dialogues are "embedded" within the infrastructure of the community support groups of the community clinics. This means that they will be delivered through existing mechanisms and will, therefore, be replicable across Bangladesh. This intervention has the potential to a. contribute to a body of urgent action recommended by WHO to prevent a post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries will kill; b. build health system capacity in Bangladesh to deliver community-based interventions; and c. empower communities in Bangladesh to build cohesion and social capital, thus enabling them to contribute further to the economic and social welfare of the country. Furthermore, it has the potential to be adapted for implementation in other national health systems that support similar infrastructures, and to be adapted to address other areas of ARM, including behaviours that contribute to resistance to drugs to treat infections caused by parasites (e.g. malaria) and viruses (e.g. HIV). The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Bangladesh 28086.88 112575.03 56628.78 24105.47 24105.47 28314.39 28314.39 28314.39 28086.88 28086.88 28086.88 28086.88 225605.08 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004563_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Bangladesh is a low-income country with an estimated 40% of the population living in extreme poverty. Against this background of poverty, Bangladesh is internationally recognised for achieving 'good health at low cost' through community-based interventions to improve the health of the most disadvantaged. However, antibiotic resistant bacteria are known to be present in drinking water, wastewater and in patient samples, and the availability of over-the-counter, inexpensive antibiotics means that there is a high risk of a rapid and uncontrolled spread of antibiotic resistance throughout the population. Studies in Bangladesh suggest that 63% of prescriptions for antibiotics are from practitioners with no qualifications, and antibiotics are prescribed in nearly half (44%) of all consultations in primary health care. Tackling antibiotic resistance is essential for the long term economic development and welfare of the country. In order to slow the spread of antibiotic resistance, there are complexities around balancing the need for access to health for the disadvantaged, at the same time as introducing greater regulation around the prescribing and ready availability of antibiotics. Research is required to better understand the needs of households and individuals for antibiotic treatment for their family and livestock, as well as understanding the prescribing behaviours of qualified and unqualified practitioners. We will study the pathways of antibiotic use 1) from the perspective of lay people who buy or consume antibiotics either for themselves, family members or for livestock and 2) from the perspective of the healthcare practitioners, including qualified and unqualified providers (market sellers, unqualified drug shop owners and untrained 'doctors'). Through in-depth interviews in urban and rural Bangladesh, we will gain a better understanding of behaviours around antibiotic prescribing and consumption as well as establishing whether there is an awareness of antibiotic resistance among healthcare practitioners, or their patients and clients. By interviewing practitioners across the whole range of formal and informal outlets we will assess the potential for practitioners to change prescribing practices or act as agents of change. The third aim of the study is to work with government and non-government agencies to inform the development of interventions to reduce antibiotic use. We will use the formative research from interviews to work with a professional communication team to develop culturally appropriate messages and materials for awareness-raising and communication campaigns on antibiotic resistance. These materials will be pre-tested with lay people, healthcare providers and drug shop owners to establish the acceptability of messages, who should be targeted, and what potential there is for the users and stakeholders in antimicrobial resistance to develop national awareness-raising or behaviour change interventions. The benefits of this research are to shed light on the behaviours around antibiotic treatment seeking behaviour and prescribing, the relationships between lay people and their local healthcare practitioner, motivations for seeking or selling antibiotics for people and animals; who and what the antibiotic treatment is sought for; what happens to antibiotics after prescription or purchase, and on the perceived effects of antibiotics on the resolution of symptoms. The findings will provide formative data on which to identify pathways for behaviour change. Our international partner, the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), is internationally recognised for the development and delivery of low-cost, scalable solutions to major health problems. Capacity-building in Bangladesh and establishing a leading centre for research on antimicrobial resistance are integral parts of this pump-priming initiative. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Bangladesh 25199.54 101002.26999999999 50807.3 25006.92 25006.92 25403.65 25403.65 25403.65 25199.54 25199.54 25199.54 25199.54 202412.74 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S000720_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This research aims to understand the impact of armed conflict on the mental health and wellbeing of people living in the context of violence in the Complex of Maré - a conglomeration of 16 peripheral communities in Rio de Janeiro with a population of over 140,000 people*. By focusing on Brazil - a LMIC in which the state pursues a military-style intervention into peripheral urban territories (favelas) regulated by armed gangs trading drugs - the research seeks to locate an understanding of MNS disorders within the intensity of armed conflicts in peripheral territories that characterise many of the world's poorest and least developed countries. The research will seek to bring new understanding about the mental health and wellbeing of people living within a community subject to multiple stress factors (socio-economic exclusion, high levels of violence, limited access to cultural networks and institutions, etc) where daily lives are circumscribed by multi-faceted armed regulation and combat resulting from the so-called 'war on drugs'. While the situation of MNS disorders is acute in fragile territories on the peripheries of many major cities in LMICs, the favelas of Rio de Janeiro are characterized by a narcotic narrative of sale, consumption, conflict and abuse that makes the territorially-specific analysis at the heart of this research an appropriate means to open up new avenues for future research. In the absence of funding or state structures that can develop, evaluate and maintain complex mental health interventions in LMICs, civil society organizations that utilize existing personal and social resources that can be provided through trained lay people, volunteers, peers, and families. This proposal will learn from, and develop low-cost approaches that are found to be effective within the context of the urban battlefields of the war on drugs in Rio de Janeiro. Locating the research in Maré is significant since it allows the contextualization of the research questions in a territory where there are 15 areas used for the open dealing of crack, known locally as 'cracolandias'** [http://bit.ly/2moGPC4]; a lethality rate due to police actions in Maré in 2016 (12.8:100,000 inhabitants) eight times higher than that of Brazil (1.6:) and three times that of Rio de Janeiro state (3.9:) in 2015], as well as informal care networks for people living with MNS disorders. Maré is of the scale of a small city and has an organization, Redes da Maré, which has a long experience in the field of studies on violence and public safety and in the field of care for people who use crack, alcohol and other drugs. The research proposes 3 studies: Study 1 on 200 crack-cocaine users living on or at risk of living on streets within and on the borders of the Maré communities, investigating existing mental health of the respondents, their knowledge and perception about MNS disorders, possibilities of self- and community-based care, existence of informal care networks. Study 2: an investigation of the mental health and wellbeing of people affected by high levels of violence and insecurity, with a focus on their mental health, patterns of drug use (legal and illegal), family and educational background, income generation and access to social, health and drug treatment programmes. It will include a survey of 1,200 residents of Maré with respondents from each of the 16 communities and 20 semi-structured interviews with respondents from the survey who are living with mental disorders and/or substance abuse Study 3: Arts-based practices to produce narratives and images that challenge stigma and exclusion associated with MNS disorders, resulting in of life stories and a public photographic installation. * Population data source: IBGE - Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics' Profile of Brazilian Municipalities 2011 http://bit.ly/2mgzu6M ** RUI, Taniele. Usage of "Luz" and "cracolandia": fieldwork of spatial practices" The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Brazil 132479.16 318740.08999999997 294985.35 94116.1 67317.01 66776.12 66776.12 66776.12 66776.12 66239.58 118948.27 66239.58 66239.58 746204.6 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P00475X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY In common with many low- and middle-income countries, Colombia has seen sharp rises in livestock production in response to rapidly growing domestic demand for food of animal origins. While this 'livestock revolution' promises to enhance food security, reduce poverty, and improve rural livelihoods, there are also questions about its sustainability and wider implications for human and environmental health. Expanding livestock production is associated with a host of negative impacts on biodiversity, carbon emissions, water availability and quality. As livestock numbers have risen globally, so too has the use of antibiotics and other veterinary medicines (VM) in animal husbandry. VM has been instrumental in reducing the global burden of livestock disease and delivering the productivity increases necessary to meet the rising demand for food globally, but the World Health Organization (2012) warns that the scale and nature of antibiotic usage in livestock production poses major risks to both human and animal health. As well as undermining food safety and environmental quality through residue contamination, the pervasive use of antibiotics in agriculture creates strong selective pressures favouring the emergence of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotic drugs used for treating disease. Such anti-microbial resistance (AMR) threatens to cast us back into the dark ages of medicine without effective antibiotic treatments. The aim of this proposal is to support international efforts to address the AMR crisis and support poverty alleviation in low- and middle-income countries like Colombia by improving understanding of the behavioural factors influencing the control and use of VM, which is a major contributing factor in the emergence of AMR. To that end it will combine interview, observational, survey, and documentary analysis methods to achieve these more specific research objectives (ROs): RO1. Explore animal husbandry practices and their implications for animal health, farm incomes, use of VM, and AMR risk across two different milk production systems (extensive, dual-purpose, i.e. meat and milk, and intensive & specialised, i.e. milk only) RO2. Analyse prescribing practices and the formal and informal networks through which VMs are sourced, circulate, administered and then accounted by veterinary professionals and by food and pharmaceutical markets RO3. Evaluate the regulatory systems in Colombia for ensuring animal health, food safety, and appropriate prescription and use of VM RO4. Build a wider network to support behavioural change interventions in Colombia and across Latin America for improving the control and use of VM The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Colombia 29196.25 117021.5 29432.75 16533.98 16533.98 29432.75 29432.75 29196.25 29196.25 29196.25 29196.25 202140.08 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S000569_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project will research a critical but entirely neglected aspect of the prison system in Guyana, which certainly contributes to violence and instability: the definition, extent, experience and treatment of MNS disorders among inmates and the people who work with them. A UK-Guyana team will co-create new academic perspectives from Economic and Social History and Criminology, and use them to produce policy-relevant materials on mental health, cognitive impairment, addiction and substance abuse among prisoners and prison officers. The research will be shared with the project's partner, the Guyana Prison Service, which has an appetite for change and is seeking to effect transformations in prisoner well-being, health and education, during a time of unprecedented penal crisis. The project will not only model a new interdisciplinary way of working in this field, it will impact on prisoner and officer well-being and education, and on the rehabilitation of inmates. The project's perspective is historical, social and cultural. It covers the period from 1825, when the British opened the colony's first jail in Georgetown, to the present day, following Guyana's independence in 1966. It is rooted in the hypothesis that the existence of MNS disorders in jails today can be traced back to the British colonial period, and that they cannot be disconnected from the country's history as a sugar colony that employed and controlled indigenous people (Amerindians), enslaved Africans and indentured Indian labourers. Empire created particular forms of trauma, shaped demography and religious practice, and instituted patterns of population control including through institutionalisation. We seek to render this history actively part of the process of change, by connecting new historical work to new criminological research on Guyana since independence. We are especially interested in assessing and evaluating different definitions and management regimes for people afflicted with MNS disorders in Guyana's jails, among the colony/ country's multi-ethnic and multi-religious population of indigenous, African and Asian descent, and including women and juveniles. Guyana has serious resource constraints; in terms of GDP it is the second poorest country (after Haiti) in the southern hemisphere. Following the destruction of the country's largest jail during a prison riot in 2017, the challenges facing Guyana's prison system are unparalleled in the Caribbean region. This project is urgent and timely. The research team will conduct research on colonial-era and post-1966 archives and records, and conduct focus groups, workshop and interviews with prison personnel, communities living near prisons, and prisoners' families. The project seeks to enhance academic, practitioner and public understanding of MNS disorders in the jails context; build robust relationships between academics, practitioners and policy makers; and stimulate behavioural change among key actors. Its impacts will be to enhance prison security, improve the administration of criminal justice, and respect prisoner well-being, rights and equality, whilst protecting the public from people deemed 'dangerous'. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Guyana 200234.4 402090.69999999995 405347.57999999996 101745.61 101745.67 100928.15 100928.15 100928.15 100928.15 100117.2 100117.2 100117.2 100117.2 1007672.68 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S00047X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project focuses on understanding the lived experience of young Indian people around risk, recovery and resilience in relation to substance use disorder (SUD). The goal is to increase knowledge, enhance the voice of young people, and inform practice through impacting policy and promoting public awareness. Our visual participatory method - PhotoVoice (PV) - centralises the lived experience of young people in efforts to understand, prevent and intervene - at both a service and policy level - in substance-use-related mental health difficulties in India. The research will be conducted in Assam and we will explore transferability to other Indian States. Global mental health strategies prioritise adolescents given their potential trajectory towards lifelong disadvantage. Poor mental health in young people is also a risk factor for SUD, and the Childline Foundation reports that 13% of people using substances in India are children. In the National Mental Health Survey of India 2015-16, Assam has the lowest prevalence of mental disorders so offering an opportunity to understand psychological, social and cultural resilience. Even so, in Assam stigma around mental health problems is high, the treatment gap immense, and The Assam Report of The India Survey classifies adolescent SUD as an urgent problem. Our aims are to: -enhance psychological, social and cultural insights into the experience of risk, resilience and recovery with regard to youth substance use in Assam -promote young Assamese people's voice with respect to substance use in order to reduce stigma, raise public awareness and inform mental- and public-health policy and practice -learn if and how PV can be adapted in culturally-sensitive ways to enhance local mental health services seeking to prevent and treat youth substance use in Assam. We will conduct photo-led interviews with: (i) ~fifteen 15-18 year olds successfully refraining from substance use despite being at increased risk; and (ii) ~fifteen 19-24 year olds in successful recovery from SUD. These will be analysed using Thematic Analysis to explore protective and enabling factors around risk and recovery and will shed light on complex psychological, familial, social and cultural pathways to, and away from, SUD. Our innovation of PV is to extend it to participatory film-making. Hence, participants will be invited to make a poster of their photos to inspire ~6 short, resilience-focused films on the issues at stake and the changes they feel could best address them. We will also explore how evidence informs mental health policy and practice in Assam. We will review key policy documents and conduct ~15 interviews with purposefully-sampled stakeholders. Material will be analysed using Framework Analysis. We will hold 3 stakeholder workshops to credibility check our assessment of conceptualisations, practices and research-policy pathways, and to help plan public awareness and policy-directed activities. In relation to potential applications and benefits we will: -launch a social media mental health photographic campaign to raise awareness and understanding of how young people manage risks around substance use in order to stay well; -strengthen research capacity through training staff in our Partner Organisations in the design, delivery and analysis of PV and support them drive implementation where it will improve services; -promote PV as a low-cost, easy-to-implement tool initially targeting prevention and treatment of SUD; -develop an ESRC-compliant, open-access, educational, and resource e-mental health website including easy-to-use, culturally sensitive guidance on how to deliver, analyse and evaluate PV mental health projects, through to flexible ways that outputs can inform service development; -engage with key decision-makers pan-India who are able to facilitate wider service and/or policy level implications of outputs and contribute to the development of an Assam State mental health policy. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 92892.98 186538.42 188049.12 -136325.37 47201.71 47201.97 46822.72 46822.72 46822.72 46822.72 46446.49 46446.49 46446.49 46446.49 467480.52 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S00145X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This highly collaborative international interdisciplinary partnership examines the applicability of the evidence based intervention of mental health literacy (MHL) for urban and rural communities through a multi-centre study in India using participatory theatre and media. We believe that our mutual sharing of research experiences, cultural identities and interdisciplinary exchanges will enable us to build our capacity for planning collaborative research of international significance. Our vision is to work towards the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development goals 3, 5, 8, and 10.The WHO estimates that mental and behavioural disorders account for about 12% of the global burden of diseases and this is likely to increase to 15% by 2020 . Our focus is in Kerala which has higher prevalence of mental ill-health (14.4%), suicidal risk (12.5%) and alcohol abuse than the rest of India. Thus there is a dire need to develop acceptable and affordable evidence based mental health interventions that are responsive to the local cultural and social contexts. Despite the high Human Development Index (HDI), stigma is widespread in Kerala and hence people with mental ill-health can internalise the public perceptions and become resistant to approach mental health facilities. Mental health literacy is proposed as an evidence based approach for enhancing tolerance, self-care, care for others and to reduce stigma. It is proposed that raising MHL can improve understanding about the risks to mental health, and methods of coping with these risks, thus promoting mental health for all. This project will extend partnerships and develop new collaborations between UK and Indian academics & researchers, service users, families, theatre practitioners and NGOs. Our plan is to conduct a multi-centre study using a 'theatre for development' (TFD) model, adopting a participatory approach to engage and empower urban and rural communities through co-production and co-creation of culturally appropriate knowledge and practice in promoting MHL. We will use participatory co-research methodology embracing the principles of co-production and use theatre and media for research engagement and data collection. Our mode of practice and co-production will draw heavily upon the methodologies employed under TFD but we will also incorporate and extend the community storytelling approaches in partnership with local communities and theatre workers to pilot an approach that allows communities, policymakers and professionals working with mental health to explore mental health as an issue of social justice and to promote MHL. It will do this by creating an interrogative performance space that brings together local practices and attitudes, professional orthodoxies, policy-related data and the latest understanding of mental illness in a way that allows multiple stakeholders to collectively imagine possible solutions. This project will also include widespread public engagement with people in creating mental health literacy through active public engagement programmes. The partnership will innovate and develop new knowledge by: (1) developing and promoting a culturally appropriate MHL programme (2) developing a participatory applied theatre model for promoting mental health literacy (3) co-producing a piece of applied theatre on MHL reflecting the lived experiences of urban and rural communities (4) public engagement of users, families and communities on talking about MHL and pathways of services. Our partnership will facilitate the development of lasting research partnerships combining knowledge of public mental health challenges with awareness of evidence based interventions and its cultural transferability, adding value to health humanities, mental health research and service development. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET India 114884.04 230698.64 232567.34 58376.41 58376.33 57907.3 57907.3 57907.3 57907.3 57442.02 57442.02 57442.02 57442.02 578150.01 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P00458X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This research will address the knowledge gap that exists regarding the ways in which displacement processes impact on perceptions and experiences of Gender Based Violence (GBV) and the potential for tackling such violence. Using collaborative techniques between academics and refugee community partners to co-produce research, the research will provide data about how displaced communities themselves experience and perceive GBV, and the potential collisions which exist between different gender norms, expectations and masculinities in this regard.The project seeks to improve the situation for displaced people within Iraqi Kurdistan Region (IKR) in particular, by sharing and translating co-produced knowledge and expertise regarding GBV of formally displaced people from within the Bristol refugee community with those currently displaced in IKR. While the focus will be largely on women (as the group mainly impacted by GBV), we will also engage with men in the refugee communities to explore their experiences and perceptions of GBV and mechanisms for disrupting pathways to perpetration. This project brings together an inter-disciplinary team with academic and partner non-governmental organisations in the Bristol refugee community and colleagues in IKR at the Gender and Violence Studies Centre, University of Sulaimani. The approach adopted in this proposed research is that knowledge generation about gender-based violence, migration and conflict must arise from the experiences and knowledges of the these communities and that the most appropriate methodologies involve processes of co-production that place equal value on academic and community knowledge and expertise. The project will involve a number of overlapping phases. The development phase will bring together the expertise from the research team, academic advisors and the Bristol refugee community groups to develop safe and ethical ways to engage in the co-productive creation of new knowledge which addresses how people incorporate sometimes competing ideas about gender and violence in terms of their place on the displacement journey, and in relation to a wide range of intersecting factors (such as race, gender, religion, nationality, location, sexuality, disability, age etc.). A major focus will be exploring different methods and research tools involving co-production which might be used. We will utilise the skills of the research team, including community facilitators, to explore using art, creative writing/poetry, music, photography, and more therapeutic techniques in order to explore participants' narratives of GBV and displacement. The development process will begin within the UK site and extend to the IKR site once a short-list of method options has been identified. We anticipate three development consultation meetings in each site, two with women and one with men. Applying lessons from the development phase, we will explore how the Bristol based knowledge production can be applied in the context of the IKR. Initial ideas and findings will be shared throughout the process between the two sites to ensure that translation between them becomes a practical reality. We anticipate at least eight meetings or workshops at each site, six with female participants and two with men. Communicating the 'findings', co-produced knowledges and potential artefacts which emerge from the research is part of the process as opposed to a means to an end. Of primary importance will be the use of the project knowledges within IKR and those communities currently displaced. Events will take place in IKR in particular, such as workshops with NGOs, to share the produced knowledge from both fieldwork sites and to create additional space for dialogue and communication between displaced people from different points on the journey. Two major co-produced events in Bristol and IKR, will provide showcases for the work to policy makers and practitioners. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Iraq 30267.82 121561.59999999999 30402.41 23098.47 23098.47 30402.41 30512.98 30512.98 30267.82 30267.82 30267.82 242902.04 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004792_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Prior to Syria's devastating civil war and escalating refugee crisis at least 12% of Syria's gross domestic product was generated by cultural heritage crafts (Jordan Times Online, 2016). Yet by 2015, approximately 80% of these artisans had left their trade, and fled to neighbouring states in search of safety and security (Jordan Times Online, 2016) resulting in a grave threat to Syria's cultural heritage. However, whilst there remains a marginal community of artisans in Syria, the forcibly displaced Syrian artisans in Jordan are reviving their cultural heritage crafts by operating in Jordan's informal economy and adopting economic and cultural survival strategies to create their own pathways and networks to provide a livelihood for themselves and their families. The vast majority of Syrian refugees are living in extreme poverty earning below the Jordanian poverty line equivalent to US$ 96 per person per month (UNHCR, 2016). They are living with minimal prospects for economic, social and cultural development and integration. This project addresses Jordan's development challenges arising from the burgeoning influx of forcibly displaced Syrians by exploring the resilience, vulnerabilities and identities of the forcibly displaced Syrian artisans residing in Jordan since the war in Syria erupted in 2011. Doing so will help us answer questions about the socio-political impact of engaging in cultural heritage crafts on the forcibly displaced Syrian community in Jordan, the impact of cultural appropriation through 'made in Jordan' Syrian cultural heritage products on the conservation of the Syrian cultural heritage by the forcibly displaced artisans, and the impact of displacement and the arising marginalised masculinities, on the resilience of neo-patriarchal displaced Arab communities. Indeed, focusing on their resilience will help us to understand how the forcibly displaced artisans overcome social, economic and political vulnerabilities, and thus, how they respond to economic and social upheaval. In doing so, we contribute to the rapidly growing resilience discourse which has largely ignored the resilience of forcibly displaced artisans, and forcibly displaced Syrians. Mixed methods will be used to collect data from multidisciplinary stakeholders and 80 forcibly displaced Syrian artisans residing in Jordan. In addition, the project has three capacity building components. The first is to enhance Jordan's social research capacity by training postdoctoral researchers, and the second advances the largely misunderstood social enterprise model by training trainers to deliver a social enterprise start up programme for forcibly displaced artisans. The third focuses on the forcibly displaced artisans by offering them social enterprise start up training and mentoring. Stakeholder engagement is a key focus of the project and thus an introductory event and dissemination event will be held in Amman - Jordan. The introductory event will help to alleviate any suspicions about the project's aims, and the dissemination event will focus on research, practice and policy development for the forcibly displaced. The project will be realised through the interdisciplinary strengths of the team of investigators and project partners. Haya Al-Dajani (Principle Investigator) brings a gender, enterprise and displacement expertise, whilst Geoff Wilson (Co-Investigator) is an expert on resilience and Marta Rabikowska (Co-Investigator) is an expert in the creative industries and visual and sensorial methods. The Jordanian Partner the King Hussein Foundation Information and Research Centre is an internationally recognised centre focused on socio-economic planning and transformation through research, advocacy and knowledge transfer. The second Jordanian Partner - Tiraz is a unique non-profit cultural foundation and cultural heritage research centre dedicated to promoting and preserving the threatened Arab cultural heritage. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Jordan 29560.18 118719.62000000001 10131.54 46992.88 46992.88 -19668.09 29799.63 29799.63 29799.63 29560.18 29560.18 29560.18 237439.22 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P005179_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project is an innovative interdisciplinary study of the experiences, skills and aspirations of young Syrian refugees, who have been forcibly displaced by the conflict in their home country, and the corresponding attitudes and belief structures of the host population in three receiving states: Lebanon, Greece and the United Kingdom. We will conduct surveys with these young refugees, exploring their aspirations and giving centre stage to their own perspectives on their needs. We will also survey members of the host populations, some of whom may be analogously disadvantaged, to identify their attitudes to refugee's training needs. We will then compare the responses of both groups to reveal contrasts and points of convergence in the underlying ethical frameworks that shape their understanding of the needs, rights and duties involved in this complex situation. This research will advance our theoretical understanding, and promote important social and political ends, in a number of ways. First, our data on their aspirations will allow us to formulate policy recommendations to meet the training and skills needs of young refugees, with a view to facilitating either reintegration in Syria or integration in their host nations. Second, our comparative approach will give guidance on how such policy should be framed and advocated in a context of strained public resources and anti-immigration sentiment. By focussing on shared ethical commitments, we will offer ways to develop training and skills policy which builds consensus and cross-community understanding. We will disseminate this research by producing five academic articles in journals across a number of relevant fields. We will also engage in an ambitious programme of knowledge exchange and public engagement, through concise publications aimed at policymakers and general audiences in all three countries, and through a series of six public events. We will make our data available for sharing through the UK Data Archive at the end of the project, following an embargo period that will allow for publication of key outputs. By drawing on our research expertise in the social sciences and the arts, we seek to influence both the content of training and skills policy, and also the public discourse surrounding such policy. By focussing on the ethical perspectives of both migrant and host populations, we will promote social cohesion and welfare for both groups: the former can have their training and skills needs met in a more supportive social context, and the latter can be reassured that the principles governing the distribution of scarce resources are ones which resonate with reasons they also share. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Lebanon 41953.86 126132.01000000001 38941.86 38941.86 42224.29 41953.86 41953.86 41953.86 252263.93 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004326_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The project focuses on a critical but under-researched theme in studies of forced displacement: the processes through which people forced from their homes by conflict can commonly become exposed to heightened risk from environmental hazards in the places where they resettle. Effectively, such people exchange one form of catastrophic risk for another, often with little real choice in the process. The collaborative project will pioneer an innovative methodology using the expressive arts in Colombia, where five decades of conflict have generated what is currently the world's largest population of internally displaced people. Colombia is also one of the countries most prone to natural hazards including landslides, floods, earthquakes and volcanic hazards. The activities that are proposed aim to deepen understanding of how and why the transition to new risk occurs, analyse how people perceive and respond to risk in their places of resettlement, and strengthen the capacity of both themselves and the agencies responsible for supporting them to manage the implications on their lives, livelihoods and wellbeing. The work with marginalised people, struggling to rebuild their lives in hazardous settings, often with limited resources, will have strong resonance for developing countries across the world where two forms of risk - conflict and disaster - commonly interact. Moreover, the signing in June 2016 of a ceasefire agreement in Colombia creates a window of opportunity that makes work to assist organisations to support the long-term wellbeing of conflict-displaced people particularly timely. The research and engagement will centre on four case studies, working with people displaced by conflict in urban and rural settings within the Departments of Tolima, Caldas and Risaralda in west-central Colombia. To understand how men and women experience forced displacement and relocation into areas prone to natural hazards in Colombia, and to explore innovative ways through which they could be incorporated into local processes of disaster risk reduction, this project will use an innovative combination of qualitative methods. Social science methods of interviews and life histories will be merged with exploration of creative arts with study participants. The idea is that focusing on artistic expression, especially popular music which plays a special communicative role in Colombia, will provide a window for us to build relations of trust and reach a deeper and richer understanding of the diversity of their experiences, vulnerabilities, perceptions and responses. The proposed research brings together methods in a way that has seldom been robustly applied in the field of displacement and ongoing risk. But this programme is not solely about research. A key objective of the project is to build capacity, not only amongst displaced people but also within the organisations responsible for supporting them and managing risk. Through a series of workshops in which musical and other forms of artistic expression will be promoted, we intend to use creative arts to help people recognise their rights and develop their own capacities to reduce risk. Also present at these workshops will be key partners in the risk management organisations, who will take an active role and benefit from the opportunity to explore new ways of working with marginalised displaced people. The idea is that this will encourage organisations that have struggled to include these communities in risk management systems to view them less as victims and beneficiaries, and more as active partners in reducing disaster risk. If successful, we will help promote this new way of working beyond the case study areas to the national scale of disaster risk governance and support for displaced people. At a time when the potential for peace holds promise for making life better for so many who have been forced from their homes by decades of conflict, the project is particularly pertinent. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Colombia 30229.82 121409.02 35474.69 13875.25 13875.25 5000.0 30474.69 30474.69 30474.69 30229.82 30229.82 30229.82 247981.34 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004598_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This project will develop innovative, interdisciplinary, and participatory arts-based methods to facilitate creative engagement with forced displacement in Morocco. Morocco has become a country of transit and immigration, notably for sub-Saharan migrants fleeing persecution and poverty and for those fleeing conflict and persecution in Syria. Morocco is a strategic partner for the EU in the 'management' of trans-Mediterranean migration. Nevertheless, Morocco has featured little in recent depictions of the 'migration crisis' and has been overlooked by research. In this context, interculturality, migrants' rights, violence, and racism in Morocco urgently require new modes of critical engagement for research oriented towards the generation of new knowledge for policy-making and advocacy alike. Researchers, practitioners, and activists support the emergent deployment of arts-based methods as social research tools to engage with displaced communities, pointing to the positive contribution and transformative power of creative arts for research and advocacy on forced displacement. However, this growing emphasis on participatory and interdisciplinary arts-based methods is usually limited to the 'global north'. In contrast, this project will adapt this methodological approach in Morocco. Four research questions drive this project: 1. To what extent and how can engagement with creative arts generate fresh insights on displacement in Morocco? 2. To what extent and how can arts-based methods enhance traditional social research on forced displacement? 3. How can engagement with arts disrupt power relations and enable co-production of participatory methods? 4. How can creative participatory methods generate synergies between research, advocacy, and capacity building? Our four Project Partners are 1) an NGO supporting forced migrants in Morocco (GADEM), 2) a forced migrants' association in Rabat (ALECMA), 3) an artists' collective in Morocco (DABATEATR), and 4) a UK-based refugee, asylum and migration network (GRAMNet). Our Project Partners in Morocco are invested in fostering critical engagement and improving political discourse and social acceptance in Morocco. Research activities co-designed and co-delivered in Morocco in collaboration with our Project Partners include a seminar for practitioners working on forced displacement, creative arts-based workshops for members of the 'displaced' and 'host' communities, and transnational knowledge exchange forums for practitioners. Project objectives are: 1. To deploy creative arts-based methods to generate fresh empirical and theoretical insights on displacement and migration in Morocco as a case study, and to evaluate the potential for application in other ODA contexts; 2. To co-design participatory activities to enhance the capacity of NGOs supporting displaced communities in Morocco to pursue sustainable engagement, research, and advocacy programmes; 3. To enhance the capacity of grassroots migrants' associations to engage, mobilise, and support migrants; 4. To build relationships, develop partnerships, and exchange best practice transnationally between Morocco and the UK and across academia and the third sector working on forced displacement. Led by Dr Laura Jeffery (University of Edinburgh), the team consists of researchers from across the humanities and social sciences with experiences in forced displacement, arts-based methods, NGO partnership, knowledge exchange, and capacity building within and beyond the Moroccan context. Through its inclusion of migrants and practitioners in the research process and in the development of research methods, this study builds the research and advocacy capacity of Project Partners. By deploying a multidisciplinary approach, and devising an innovative, participatory method, the project will have economic and societal impacts within and beyond the project's life cycle. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Morocco 40323.95 121298.47 39504.02 39504.02 40650.57 40323.95 40323.95 40323.95 242596.92 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004725_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY This is a participatory arts education project involving a series of workshops conducted with schoolchildren; members of their extended families; and trainee schoolteachers in the Marshall Islands and Hawaii. The workshops will include activities in creative writing, the visual arts, and photography, and will result in creative outputs (by Marshallese children, trainee teachers, and artists involved in the project) and academic outputs (produced by the project team) exploring the Marshallese experience of displacement as a result of: i) US nuclear testing during the Cold War ii) The appropriation and continued use of Kwajalein island for US ballistic missile testing iii) Resulting conditions of poverty necessitating migration to Hawaii and other parts of the US in search of a better quality of life. The Marshall Islands experienced five centuries of colonisation under Spain, Germany, Japan and finally the US, and during the twentieth century, global wars and US military expansion led to the forcible (and often permanent) displacement of much of the population. During the Second World War, Marshallese were forcibly evacuated from Kwajalein island to make way for Japanese, then US military installations, and during the Cold War, many more Marshallese were forced to leave northern atolls (such as Bikini and Enewetak) to make way for US nuclear testing. The Bikinians were told their displacement would be temporary, but contamination from nuclear radiation has rendered their homeland uninhabitable for an estimated 30,000 years, as well as afflicting Marshallese exposed to fallout with a range of serious health problems (including cancers and birth defects) which are still manifesting in descendants born generations later. Nuclear refugees were forced to settle on southern islands such as Majuro and Ebeye, and were joined by remaining islanders from Kwajalein forced to relocate when the US established a ballistic missile testing base on Kwajalein during the Cold War. The Marshall Islands became self-governing in 1979, and signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (in 1986) which granted islanders the right to work and settle in the US, and included a one-off settlement for nuclear compensation claims. However, the settlement fund is far too limited to address the immense environmental and health damage caused by the tests, and many impoverished Marshallese have migrated to neighbouring US states (such as Hawaii) in search of a better standard of living, only to discover that many entitlements (such as the right to vote or to apply to national healthcare schemes) are only extended to US-born Marshallese. This has exacerbated existing conditions of poverty, and in addition, migrants have become stigmatised in US media and public discourse as a drain on public resources (including health and welfare systems). This project aims to better understand the Marshallese experience of displacement, and to explore how strategies of resilience that remain within the community might be deployed to build educational and socioeconomic capacity in the future. Arts movements elsewhere in the Pacific have demonstrated the potential for creative work to bear witness to, and aid recovery from, the traumas of displacement and dispossession under colonialism. There is a robust network of professional indigenous artists and arts educators extending throughout much of Oceania, and the project aims to explore potential for the Marshall Islands to join this creative community, building on incipient moves in this direction (such as the recent revival of Marshallese jake-ed (clothing mat) weaving through a series of workshops held at the Marshall Islands branch of the University of the South Pacific). In addition to a number of creative outputs, the project will deliver sustainable arts education training to Marshallese schoolteachers, and produce policy documents for circulation to the Marshallese government and other stakeholders. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Marshall Islands (the) 41691.32 125411.66 39719.65 39719.65 42029.02 41691.32 41691.32 41691.32 250823.39 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P003818_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Stories of displaced people, migration and immigration continue to occupy headline news here in the UK and abroad. Less well documented are the huge efforts being made by displaced people and associated relief agencies to deal with the challenges of displacement and migration. There are a host of temporary 'pop-up', as well as more established arts, heritage and cultural programmes which are aimed at displaced people who are currently in transition, for example in camps, and those refugees who have reached their resettlement destination. The impact of these programmes on participants' health and wellbeing has often been overlooked in relation to their overall health and how such cultural programmes contribute to recovery, adjustment and other challenges associated with displacement. By working in collaboration with a UK based arts and mental health charity and a Palestinian refugee camp in Jordan, we wish to better understand the role of creative arts and cultural activities in improving the health and wellbeing. We will also explore the potential for the arts to play a central role in improving issues associated with resettlement, employability and learning new skills, and consider how this could feed into relevant policies such as those related to immigration. New research shows how damaging displacement is for people's physical and mental health, overall wellbeing and opportunities to flourish, such as employability. Along with issues such as the loss of a sense of belonging, identity and isolation, research shows that refugees and displaced people are more likely to experience mental health problems, such as major depression and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. These problems arise from the trauma associated with exposure to violence and difficulties encountered in the migration journey, as well as migration-related difficulties in their countries of resettlement such as issues with immigration, employment and income. Jordan hosts the highest number of Palestinian refugees of all five fields of United Nations operations. Those 1.95 million registered Palestinian refugees constitute over 40% of all registered refugees in the Near East. The first Palestinian refugee camps in Jordan were established almost 60 years ago following the 1948 Israeli-Arab war. Since then, the refugees had to craft their lives away from their homeland and traditional support systems. The current situation of refugees is complex as the new generations suffer limited access to resources, poverty and poor environmental conditions while at the same time continue to live a non-ending temporary situation inside camps. The frustrations of alienation and poverty have led to depression, anxiety and frustration. This has been addressed through interventions in camps, usually partnering with local organisations, addressing mental health through arts or culture. However, these activities are usually conducted without a systematic assessment of process or impact. Similarly, in European camps and refugee organisations, the impact of arts programmes has not been assessed in relation to overall health and wellbeing. To understand the impact of creative and cultural activities we will collect evidence from displaced people by working closely with them and charities and organisations in the UK and Jordan. We will use this information to inform the development of a new method for collecting evidence which takes into account the health and wellbeing of displaced people and we will co-produce a toolkit which has a more integrated and holistic approach to care. This toolkit will be made widely available and will have relevance for anyone working with vulnerable audiences. We will also create a range of other outputs, including a short film to be produced by displaced people and refugees, which will provide an opportunity for them to decide which stories are told and to take back ownership of their own journeys of displacement. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Jordan 35819.84 74544.62 38156.58 38156.58 38724.78 35819.84 35819.84 176616.37 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004733_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem. Implementing appropriate antimicrobial prescribing policies and stewardship in clinical and community healthcare settings is one of the powerful ways to reduce antibiotics overuse. This is of great importance in Nigeria and other Low and Middle Income countries (LMIC) where clinical practice is less regulated. In these countries, due to resource constraints, a widespread over the counter availability of antibiotics and counterfeits create a very challenging environment for implementing antimicrobial stewardship. The Infection Control Africa Network (ICAN), with 28 African member states, has launched the Antimicrobial Stewardship Education Initiative in July 2016 to tackle this issue across the continent. The aim of this interdisciplinary project is to investigate the use of gamified apps on mobile phones and tablets for changing prescription rates through improving compliance with prudent antimicrobial prescription policies, supporting professionals in prescription decision making around three key conditions (urinary tract infections, single dose surgical prophylaxis and upper respiratory track infections). Based on previous study with ICAN and the international Infection Control Resource (iNRIC, www.nric,org,uk) delivering policies and guidance to infection professionals at the point of care, it was identified that African experts preferred accessing policies in a graphical gamified format over their mobile devices compared to text-based guidelines. The app will be co-authored and developed jointly with healthcare professionals from two settings (national teaching hospital in Lagos and a community hospital) and evaluated to assess usability and prescribing behaviour change over a period of 3 months. The cutting edge game-based training technology will enable a customisation support to localize the gamified app to new settings by healthcare professionals themselves. This pilot will demonstrate a new innovation approach with a potential to be cost-effectively scaled up and expanded to cover other AMS policies and settings to support professionals across ICAN member states across the African continent. Our multi-disciplinary team, consisting of computer scientists, epidemiologiest, infection control experts , and a behavioural scientist is ideally placed to develop an app based AMS intervention. We have expertise in app development, AMS guideline translation, and behaviour change, ideally placing us to deliver the proposed programme of work. Moreover, we will co-design our app with users in Nigeria, utilising our existing partnership with ICAN and The College of Medicine of the University of Lagos - affiliated to the national Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) and regional Obafemi Awolowo University hospital. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Nigeria 19307.93 109079.66 58652.9 19464.24 19464.24 28567.83 30085.07 30085.07 29843.33 29843.33 19307.93 19307.93 206504.76 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P00461X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Is someone a refugee if he or she has fled to a state that hasn't signed the Refugee Convention or recognised refugees in its domestic law? If this person isn't a refugee, what rights does he or she have? What protection is owed to him or her by the new state of residence? From Lebanon through to Malaysia, millions of refugees live in a broad, contiguous swath of states that have not signed up to the core international agreements concerning how refugees should be protected. In such locations, refugees are often treated as "outside of the law" and subject to discrimination, abuse and other serious human rights violations. The answers to the opening questions for these people are too often in the negative and the result can be catastrophic for refugees. Refugees in these locations suffer a range of mistreatment as result of being seen as outside of the law, including irregular status, discriminatory treatment from landlords and employers, sexual harassment and assault with impunity (including at the hands of state officials), arbitrary arrest and indefinite detention (often in conditions so severe as to put their life at risk), and corporal punishments such as canning. This project seeks to systematically explore some recent successes by local providers of legal aid to refugees in such situations and to determine whether these successes can form the basis for a new approach to refugee protection. Working with four leading providers of legal aid to refugees in Egypt, India, Malaysia and Hong Kong, the project will evaluate the experiences of refugees, lawyers and legal aid organisations in using innovative legal arguments and frameworks to protect refugees. The project will support the mapping of the relevant local legal frameworks through doctrinal legal analysis, interviews and workshops with legal experts, and discussion with refugee community leaders. The project will provide funding to local lawyers to pursue legal advocacy for the rights of refugees drawing on a range of innovative sources of law, including other international treaties, local constitutional law, various local legislative provisions, local jurisprudence, and common-law principles. It will collect detailed stories about 120 of these legal encounters; these stories will be documented over time, using a range of material, and from multiple points of view. Forty of the stories will be turned in to multi-media, digital stories for further online discussion and advocacy. The project will work closely with project partners. Three international workshops will ensure that partners receive training and capacity building in the research methods of the project and fully participate in the analysis of the data produced by the project. The findings of the project will be shared with the scholarly and professional communities through sub-regional workshops hosted in each of the four countries under study and through the presentation of the findings at a range of international conferences and meetings. The goal of the project is to support new refugee legal aid programming in the Global South, particularly in places where such programming has been overlooked because either or both the lack of the Refugee Convention and the absence of local refugee legislation. It aims to develop a better understanding of the process of litigation and factors that influence its success. As both the UN more generally and UNHCR more specifically move towards a renewed emphasis on the rule of law, the project will suggest pathways to protection that are consistent with this new emphasis and which pay attention to the expertise and agency of local legal and refugee communities. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 30187.42 121238.72 30431.94 19946.87 19946.87 30431.94 30431.94 30431.94 30187.42 30187.42 30187.42 242477.44 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P00492X_2 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Pump Priming Projects: Tackling antimicrobial resistance theme 4: Behaviour within and beyond the healthcare setting. Pump Priming grants support interdisciplinary research that will provide new insights and stimulate creative thinking to tackle Antimicro The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 25163.07 68903.29 72035.7 36017.82 36017.82 36017.85 36017.85 72035.7 -53458.55 25163.07 25163.07 25163.07 180089.22 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P005128_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Public attention is typically focused at the minority of forced migrants who are able to cross an international border and claim refugee status, although the large majority of forced migrants remain within their countries of origin. A growing number of people at a global scale are seeking shelter in cities, particularly poor areas of cities in poor countries. Urban displacement may result from political instability, environmental stress or extreme absolute poverty in areas nearby the city, or as a result of policies of forced eviction within the city. People who are forced to move to or within the city are rarely welcome in the areas where they end up. They are often forced to live in low quality housing where disease and crime are more common than in the city as a whole. To make matters worse, they are frequently blamed for those problems by city authorities. In extreme cases, where forced displacements raise highly racialised tensions, forced migrants may face eviction or even complete removal from the city. For these reasons forced migrants may prefer to try to remain hidden and the city offers plenty of opportunities to do so. Yet invisibility also raises challenges and if individuals are not visible to state and civil society institutions they may not receive the support they need. This raises a tension between visibility and invisibility. This project explores when, how and why forced migrants to poor areas of cities prefer to remain invisible. It also considers attitudes of city authorities who frequently have very little information and almost no direct experience of living in such neighbourhoods. Official responses to the (in)visibility of displaced people range from solidarity and support to repression. This project is concerned with the visual. These underserved areas of cities frequently remain unknown even to city authorities. Research will develop comparative fieldwork in selected neighbourhoods in Colombo, Dhaka, Harare and Hargeisa, working with excellent partners in each city. These cities all have long histories of forced migration from neighbouring areas and within the cities themselves. The project is concerned with a multi-level analysis, focused on different scales of (in)visibility. This may vary from individual forced migrants, to city level authorities via the common practice of collective or community organisations within particular neighbourhoods. At each of these three scales individuals or groups have a choice to remain invisible, to hide away and avoid official contact, or to make themselves visible through strategies of protesting or claiming rights. These scales intersect with three sets of questions that investigate first how much decision making forced migrants actually have, second, how these processes have developed over time and third, how different individuals experience, perceive and imagine space differently. This leads to a series of innovative methods, exploring visual representations, graphic accounts of forced migration, and cartographic accounts of individuals and local residents association. The project will contribute to changing ways of thinking about the city, and particularly the place of forced migration in the cities. Ongoing engagement with city authorities will help to challenge understandings of forced migrants as deceitful or parasitic, which remains extremely widespread. It will also contribute to the broader project of 'global urbanism' highlighting how cities in poorer countries have begun to challenge assumptions of the universality of theories developed in North America and Western Europe. Forced migration is a particularly common occurrence in cities in Africa and Asia and the project aims to draw on that to develop new theoretical understandings of urban displacement. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 32026.49 128624.78 53650.9 21365.0 32285.9 32285.9 32285.9 32026.49 32026.49 32026.49 257249.5 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P010873_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY RECAP will focus on acute and protracted humanitarian crises related to armed conflict, natural disasters, forced migration, and epidemics. Humanitarian crises and their impact on health and related sectors can pose major obstacles to international development and the achieving the SDGs. Effective decision-making by humanitarian actors is essential in humanitarian response. Accurate and timely information and evidence is essential in achieving effective decision-making. For example, through setting evidence-based standards and performance measurement against those standards, assessing needs and effectiveness in meeting those needs, ensuring value for money, and supporting accountability to recipients of humanitarian programmes and those programmes. Yet current interventions are impeded by limited data, capacity, guidance, and ethical preparedness with consequent implications for accountability. Work on protection is central to supporting accountability through seeking to ensure authorities and other humanitarian actors respect their obligations and the rights of individuals and vulnerable populations. RECAP's vision is to strengthen research capacity and capability to generate knowledge on how to improve decision-making and accountability to help support preparedness and response to humanitarian crises. RECAP will focus on the sectors of health and protection through overlapping research and capacity building activities. For the research, there are 6 interconnected, interdisciplinary research Objectives/work-packages. These research objectives will also act as platforms for capacity building through applied research methods training. The capacity building activities will be realised through 4 capacity building Objectives on: training on specific research methods linked to the RECAP research; building institutional capacity for a sustainable and supportive research environment; supporting individual researcher capability and career progression; and building UK capability in multi-disciplinary research on health and protection in humanitarian crises. It will be a four year programme. RECAP's strategy to grow research capacity and capability is to establish a unique network of leading academic and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) working on health and protection in the context of humanitarian crises. RECAP will be led by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) and includes the University of Sierra Leone (USL), the American University of Beirut (AUB), the Refugee Law Initiative at the School of Advanced Study (SAS) in London University, Oxford University, and the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). NGOs are the front line actors in humanitarian preparedness and response and so are vital to RECAP. The RECAP NGO partners are Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), the International Rescue Committee (IRC), Save the Children UK, and BRAC. They will assist through logistics, technical and other forms of support in the RECAP countries. RECAP will use a hub-and-spoke model; with hubs of the UK, Sierra Leone, and Lebanon for capacity building and research; and spokes of further research sites in NGO partner programmes in ODA countries affected by humanitarian crises (most likely to be Myanmar, South Sudan, Uganda, Democratic Republic of Congo, subject to security and logistical issues). The expected outcomes of RECAP will be: strengthened research capacity and capability among university and NGO partners; the development of a new research network through regional hubs of research and training excellence in the UK, Sierra Leone and Lebanon; research and capacity-building outputs (including open access software platforms and research and training guidelines); and impact through contributions to humanitarian guidelines, programmes and policies. These will strengthen decision-making and accountability in humanitarian crises to improve health, protection and broader development outcomes. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 568514 2036944 2048534 2284366 920910.11 -1315002.0 920910.11 881718.0 440859.0 457600.0 504189.0 510512.0 515424.0 511299.0 511299.0 511299.0 511299.0 507173.0 507173.0 284498.0 284016.0 7859268.11 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P010938_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Dementia is not a "developed world" condition: there are already more people with dementia in LAMICs than in high-income economies, yet LAMICs are typically less equipped to respond to the high and increasing prevalence. By 2050, there will be 90 million people with dementia in LAMICs (Prince et al 2015). People with dementia, particularly at more severe stages, require intensive care and support, which is very costly. These costs are mostly borne by unpaid family carers, primarily women, who often have to leave paid work, risking personal impoverishment and societal productivity losses. LAMICs face rapid growth in numbers of people with dementia without well-developed or well-funded health and care systems. Family care availability is decreasing as a result of demographic, societal and economic changes. We will build research capability using economics, epidemiology and policy analyses to help LAMICs respond to the needs of the growing numbers of people with dementia in an ethical and sustainable way. The co-applicants, from the UK and South Africa, have strong track-records in dementia research in high-income countries (HICs) and LAMICs, research on health and long-term (social) care in LAMICs. We will partner Alzheimer's Disease International (ADI), a federation of 85 national Alzheimer/dementia associations. We will work with local researchers and NGOs in 7 LAMICs: Brazil, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Jamaica, Mexico, South Africa. To build capability we will offer formal training in research methods, application of those methods to generate new evidence and tools, and training and practice in use of evidence to inform policy. We will apply the best methodological approaches and publish our results in peer-reviewed journals, but more importantly we will ensure that our research generates practical tools for use directly by stakeholders to develop services and improve practice, or to influence policy. We will use systematic reviewing and meta-analysis to review evidence on what works in LAMICs and what can be delivered in particular contexts, but also make that research available online and in DVDs as evidence summaries written in plain (dementia-friendly) language and translated to relevant local languages. We will use Theory of Change (ToC) to co-develop with local partners (researchers/NGOs) and stakeholders (including people with dementia and carers) the research and training agenda for the project to ensure that our activities achieve maximum impact. ToC will also help us develop indicators to evaluate the project's impact. Our research programme will involve development and evaluation of an intervention to increase dementia awareness and reduce stigma, a qualitative study of costs and other impacts of providing family care to people with dementia in different contexts, generation of quantitative evidence on impacts and costs of dementia on individuals and families, and instruments to collect these data. We will use the evidence generated to develop, for each country, credible estimates of the costs and impacts of dementia, and use simulation modelling to project future dementia care needs, the health and social services required to meet those needs, their costs, and the impacts of implementing evidence-informed dementia care pathways and better coverage. Models for each country will be simple to update and adapt. We will assess the policy implications of our projections, consider the barriers presented by current organisation and financing systems and the availability of trained workers, and outline reform opportunities to improve dementia, considering the wider health and social care systems. Finally, we will work with ADI and other policy partners to produce local recommendations to support the implementation of National Dementia Plans. We will organise stakeholder workshops in each country to present project outcomes, and high level stakeholder meetings in each of the regions, in collaboration with WHO. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 485742 1740364 1750271 2200391 190332.43 21839.43 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 21839.43 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -1091248.74 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -1091248.74 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -1176806.98 21839.43 168493.0 875685.0 443948.0 440379.0 440379.0 436186.0 440379.0 436853.0 436853.0 436853.0 436853.0 433329.0 433329.0 243077.0 242665.0 7075027.3 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P011020_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Urbanisation can help drive sustainable development. However, within cities, poverty and inequalities are at their most acute, and in lower- and middle-income countries, rapid growth due to rural-urban migration poses challenges of global proportions. Global urban policies for developing countries tend to operate at a very general level; research and understanding of urbanisation are fragmented and mainly focused on the conditions and life in slum areas. Sustainable development debates tend to concentrate at high levels and emphasise the physical and environmental aspects of urbanisation. We know very little about the social, economic and physical structures of fast growing cities in developing countries and how they are changing, especially at neighbourhood level. Apart from slums, there are many different types of urban neighbourhoods emerging in fast growing cities. Some are successful and sustainable, which offers inspiration for slum dwellers. Our approach to the dualities of urbanisation recognises the complex inter-relationships between sustainable cities, education and health, at the level of the urban neighbourhood. Sustainable cities depend on a population with the resilience and resources that health brings, and on relevant learning. Equally, access to healthcare and quality education depend on the sustainable development of cities and the neighbourhoods within them. The overall aim of our Centre is to grow research capacity in both developing countries and the UK through a series of training programmes/workshops and by means of multi-disciplinary and comparative studies of urbanisation and the formation and differentiation of neighbourhoods in urban areas, in order to address the challenges of urbanisation and large scale rural to urban migration in Africa and Asia. This programme draws on strong interests in and academic connection to developing countries at the University of Glasgow. It brings together a multi-disciplinary academics (including urban studies, health and wellbeing, and education) and international experts from seven developing countries (South Africa, Rwanda, Tanzania, India, Bangladesh, Philippines and China) to form an international urban research centre and a new consortium to facilitate and implement capacity strengthening training and knowledge exchange activities. The capacity strengthening programme will consist of both vertical flows of ideas from international knowledge base to developing countries, but also horizontal learning and knowledge exchange between developing countries, especially between the BRICS countries and the others. It will also conduct large scale cross-country comparative studies of urban neighbourhood dynamics. The research programme will adopt a common research framework in all seven countries (and 14 case study cities) to develop new research methods and techniques through four work packages. Our capacity enhancing, research activities and impact activities will extend beyond the research teams and partner institutions to involve local and national policy makers, academics based in other institutions, and relevant NGOs and private sector actors. Understanding how socio-economic changes, particularly migration, are driving the social and spatial structures of cities and shaping the lived experience of residents is an essential foundation for planning urban public services and finding forms of social organisation that are beneficial to welfare and stability. This is particularly relevant to policy makers as they move into a new phase of urban development where quality of life and social cohesion are increasingly important, and where urban economic competitiveness can no longer rely on low wages and cheap products. The research will identify urban planning and public service change as it relates to urban neighbourhoods and position this alongside an in-depth study of daily experiences of neighbourhood life. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 485417 1739206 1749104 2210402 236933.97999999998 31676.46 43057.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 43057.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 31000.00 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 31000.00 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 31676.46 43056.99 193876.99 886580.0 443650.0 440086.0 440086.0 435894.0 440086.0 436562.0 436562.0 436562.0 436562.0 433041.0 433041.0 242914.0 242503.0 7105262.47 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P011055_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY We propose to generate a step change in the capacity of a network of cities in developing countries to address development dilemmas and advance the new 'urban' Sustainable Development Goal (11), linking cutting edge research to governance challenges of the emerging metropolis. The contemporary city presents a major development challenge. The majority of the world now lives in cities and the proportion is set to increase rapidly. All SDGs will need to be achieved in emergent cities and through understanding the combination of different development challenges, simultaneously realized. To recognize this and address the development challenges we need to combine the insights of traditionally discrete disciplinary expertise and link the humanities, natural sciences and social sciences in a new interdisciplinary configuration. We propose to 'grow' a new generation of urban researchers comfortable taking forward this new interdisciplinary field, working across an international partnership of research intensive universities renowned for their expertise in analyzing contemporary urbanisms. A global team of partners from China (Peking University), India (India Institute of Human Settlements), South Africa (UCT African Centre for Cities) and Colombia (EAFIT, Medellin) will work together with the University of Oxford. Researchers work across natural sciences (including mathematics, medicine, transport and engineering), the social sciences (including anthropology, development, migration) and humanities (including law, history). We leverage expertise across the University of Oxford and the Alan Turing Institute, building capacity internationally through a partnership networking strategic sites of urban interventions globally, working with a cohort of postdoctoral fellowships to develop a programme of excellent research. The focus is international and interdisciplinary. International networks build on existing collaborations, strong links to cities themselves and on track records of research excellence. Research proposed uses complex systems framing to synthesise our understanding of the development of future cities. Research addresses urban challenges that focus on data science opportunities of the city and socio-material systems that link built form, technology and behavioural pattern in complex interventions in public health, the nexus of water food and energy, informality, the city commons, mobility, land and the imperative to accommodate new populations. Research embedded in cities themselves will build new forms of learning, co-production and capacity building to promote sustainable urban development. To maximize the impact of our work the five centres of research will create a platform that will link regionally to linked research centres, urban labs and city observatories in Latin America, Africa, India and China. The opportunity to link the challenges of the global south to the city futures of the global north will be addressed through formal links to impact pathways in London government and European Urban Labs and centres, liaising with three of the Innovate UK funded Catapults (Satellite, Transport, Future of Cities). In order to meet the global goals of sustainable development cities will have to fundamentally shift developmental trajectories, implying a significant realignment in urban management practice. The knowledge base on which policy makers are expected to make such momentous decisions is fragmented but we will work with cities across the partnership to develop new models of co-production and knowledge exchange. All of the research partners have outstanding records of engagement and coproduction of knowledge with cities themselves, city regions, national bodies and emergent transnational organisations, including UN Habitat, the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and the World Bank/UN agency Cities Alliance. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 415511 1813646 1910051 2337001 223133.63 16266.72 47511.31 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 47511.33 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 16000.00 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 16266.72 47511.31 175622.32 903216.0 480503.0 476641.0 476641.0 481401.0 486028.0 471311.0 471311.0 470905.0 470905.0 435918.0 435918.0 207932.0 207579.0 7249665.54 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P011225_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Urban equality refers to the possibility of attaining an even distribution of access to resources, services and opportunities, as well as recognition of social diversity and inclusion in decisions that affects urban citizens' lives. Increasing rates of urban inequality since the 1990s affect directly prosperity and resilience outcomes in urban areas. Increasing rates of urban inequality hold back economic, social and political progress and can contribute to conflicts and extreme poverty. In the age of urbanisation, with more than half of the World's population living in urban areas, achieving urban equality is a major global challenge. Three quarters of the World's urban areas are more unequal today than they were 20 years ago. Close to 1 billion people worldwide live in informal settlements, deprived of basic services and livelihood opportunities. The challenge of urban inequality has inspired a new global discourse on the future of cities and urban areas. The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11, the 'urban' goal, emphasise the need to deliver inclusive cities. The New Urban Agenda (NUA) adopted by national governments in Quito, October 2016, asks for urban policies for a city that leave 'no one behind'. The project 'Knowledge in Action for Urban Equality' (henceforth KNOW) seeks to develop research capacities in developing countries and in UK institutions that deliver ODA research, to deliver on the SDG11 and the NUA. KNOW focuses on the major knowledge gap in global policy agendas: delivering urban equality for inclusive cities of opportunities for all. The work programme focuses on three key challenges: achieving prosperity; building resilience to disasters and a changing climate; and addressing the persistent problem of extreme poverty. The work programme is divided in six work packages. Three work packages focus on learning-by-doing, that is, doing research as a means to build capacity. Work Package 1 will deliver city-relevant research in several countries including Perú, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Tanzania, Uganda, Sierra Leona, India, and Sri Lanka. In each case, KNOW will support the formation of a network of overseas and local academics, and stakeholders who will work together to identify the specific challenges associated with urban inequality that emerge in each city. Work Package 2 will use different case-based experiences to develop a comparative programme of research across cities, exploring the challenges of prosperity, resilience, and extreme poverty. Work Package 3 will focus on develop an 'Ethics of Practice' for urban research, within the framework of the Global Challenges Research Fund. Three work packages will focus on delivering capacities to maximise the impact of research. Work Package 4 will focus on how to translate research into practice, working with key policy makers, intermediaries, and activists to explore the development of urban policy following the programme of research in each city. Work Package 5 will focus on how to maximise the impact of research in education, particularly focusing on the education of planners in the Global South. Finally, Work Package 6 will examine the UK-based capacities to deliver ODA-research for urban equality, seeking to strength current areas of work and develop a new transdisciplinary field of research practice. KNOW will be coordinated by the Bartlett Development Planning Unit, a recognised institution with a track record of 60+ years of applied research to deliver socially and environmentally just cities in the global south. KNOW also build on a consolidated network of partners in urban areas, capable to deliver an ambitions, international, and interdisciplinary urban research. These partners constitute the locus for a worldwide network of Urban Hubs that, strengthen by the experience in KNOW, will deliver a long-term agenda of research for urban equality. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 431718 1546800 1555602 1966510 281924 -619.98 281924.0 789140.0 394570.0 391400.0 391400.0 387672.0 391400.0 388265.0 388265.0 388265.0 388265.0 385135.0 385135.0 216042.0 215676.0 6319228.63 GB-GOV-13-GCRF-ES-17A-Grow-2016ES-P011543-1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The project aims to lead to new policy responses towards conflict management, addressing illicit economies and fostering inclusive health and development in fragile states. The primary beneficiaries of the project will be populations living in conflict and drugs-affected borderland regions of Afghanistan, Colombia and Myanmar. The project will also directly support partner research organisations in these countries, strengthening their capacity to produce evidence and shape policy that directly targets the drivers of conflict, drugs and poverty. The project directly addresses the challenges of how to develop sustainable and inclusive peace in the aftermath of war and how to support more developmental responses to illicit drug economies, upon which the livelihoods of hundreds of thousands of households in each country are reliant. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 482228 1843140 1865916 2269955 169527 11680.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 11680.00 Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy -686345.89 11680.0 157847.0 860608.0 470397.0 469475.0 469475.0 465005.0 469475.0 465718.0 465718.0 465718.0 465718.0 461960.0 449744.0 252286.0 229942.0 7328791.0 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_S00114X_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY There have been many concerns over the human rights of people with mental illness in developing countries, particularly the use of chains, beating, confinement in cages, and other harmful practices by traditional and faith healers. The use of restraints, confinement and other mistreatment is harmful to physical and mental health, can increase stigma and make it difficult for people with mental illness to recover and be included as productive members of society. It has been suggested that partnerships between traditional and faith healers and health workers could help to prevent human rights abuses and enable people with mental illness to get treatment and care. However, it can be challenging to establish such partnerships and bring about change. Healers and health workers use different approaches to mental illness which can conflict, and healers can feel as if their knowledge and experience is not recognised. There can be complex reasons for using chains and other restraints, which are often not well understood. There are also many different types of healers in developing countries who carry out different practices. Health systems also differ between countries and mental health workers operate with very few resources. Therefore, the best ways in which to improve the treatment of people with mental illness and create partnerships between health workers and healers is likely to vary. This project will explore the experiences of people with mental illness and their families in Indonesia and Ghana, the reasons why people with mental illness are restrained and attempts by health workers to create partnerships with healers and stop human rights abuses. We have chosen these countries because there have been similar reports on the mistreatment of people with mental illness by healers and there are attempts by governments, charities and others to prevent human rights abuses and improve treatment. These include changes in the law and training of new mental health workers. In this study we will use documentary film as our research method. This is because film is easily accessible in different languages, and can use images as well as words to gain a deep insight into people's experiences from their own perspective. Film is also more accessible to people who do not have much education and cross-culturally. With the consent of the people involved, we will film the experiences of people with mental illness in Ghana and in Indonesia who have experienced restraint, their families, healers and health workers. We will also document attempts to create partnerships between healers and mental health workers in the two countries. We will conduct interviews with the participants, which will also be filmed if they agree. We will use the footage to create documentary films that will be used to learn more about the social and cultural context that might lead to the use of restraint such as understandings of mental illness, family relationships, distance from mental health services, and the cost of getting treatment. We will also learn more about the best ways to create partnerships between healers and mental health workers to prevent human rights abuses and support people with mental illness to recover and take part in their communities, as well as the challenges they face. We will share the findings of the research between the two countries so that they can learn from each other. We will also show the film to people such as mental health workers, politicians and families so that they can understand more about the experiences of people with mental illness who have been mistreated, the circumstances around the use of chains and other forms of restraint, and the best ways to prevent human rights abuses. We hope that this will lead to improved treatment and protection of people with mental illness in the two countries, and similar developing world settings, and enable them to participate as respected and valued members of their communities. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Developing Countries, unspecified 50960.48 102333.78 51373.34 -49432.66 25686.69 25686.65 25686.65 25686.65 25480.24 25480.24 25480.24 25480.24 204667.6 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P003842_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY The research proposed here is for a pump prime award to determine how policymakers' perceptions of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) drive their behaviour and selection of policy options aimed at appropriate use of antimicrobials, focusing on one lower middle income country: Pakistan. Applying qualitative methods and engaging a multidisciplinary team with human and animal health expertise, it will map policy actors and their networks, drawing on the Social Construction Framework, to identify how motivation, social constructions, power relations and contextual factors shape policy maker behaviour. Research findings will be essential to achieving the ESRC's underlying objective to identify the specific economic factors, cultural norms, experiences and practices relating to antibiotics that enable the best strategies for action, by providing concrete knowledge and tools for working with policymakers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as they adapt and adopt national policies for appropriate use of antimicrobials. Key questions this research will address include: a. Who are the key policy actors to engage for effective implementation of interventions and policies concerning appropriate antimicrobial use? How are these actors currently, and potentially, connected? b. How are the selected policy options socially constructed and how do social constructions reinforce or weaken support or opposition for the selected policies? c. What other motivations, power relations and contextual factors drive the selection of specific policies? d. How do these differ among different groups of policymakers identified under objective 1 (e.g. animal health versus human health or political affiliation)? e. Based on analysis of the questions above, how do policies for appropriate use need to be presented and framed to ensure that essential groups of policy actors engage with and respond to these effectively? This project focuses on the drivers of policy actor behaviour in one high risk AMR country in South Asia - Pakistan. With a population of 185 million, it is possibly the largest country without a national policy or guideline on AMR (Horton 2013). A key consideration for appropriate use interventions is care provision through the for-profit and informal health sector. This issue is particularly critical in South Asia where 80% of patients seek care within the poorly regulated private or informal sector (Private Sector for Health, 2016), and Pakistan provides an ideal case study to investigate this as 78% of the population pay out-of-pocket and the private sector provides 75% of health services (Nishtar 2013). The project will then follow a step wise approach to triangulate findings at national level, at regional level in South Asia and with global policymakers. Research outputs include guides for policymakers working on AMR, a research methodology, as well as scientific outputs and papers. Research will be begin by comprehensively mapping the range of policy actors involved in policy processes relating to appropriate use of AMs, across the One Health spectrum including private and public sector actors. Using the list of policy actors generated by the mapping exercise, we will purposively select policy actors for in-depth interviews (IDI). As part of the IDI process, actors will be asked questions to explore their perceptions about AMR and AM use and to then rank the five policy options while talking through their rationale using a 'thinking aloud' methodological approach. Research will be conducted by an interdisciplinary team of social and animal scientists from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, the Aga Khan University in Pakistan, the National University of Singapore and the Royal Veterinary College in London. Research will in addition benefit from advice and oversight of an academic and an impact advisory panel to ensure maximum impact on policy and future research on AMR. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Pakistan 35761.67 142624.56 23645.24 23645.24 35339.55 35761.67 35761.67 35761.67 35761.67 202031.48 GB-GOV-13-FUND--GCRF-ES_P004911_1 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY Northern Uganda experienced one of the world's most notorious instances of forced displacement during and immediately after the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) insurgency, which started around 1986 and ended on Ugandan soil in 2006. Northern Ugandan displacement was notable for its duration - in some areas for well over a decade; and for the fact that it involved the entire rural populations of the affected areas from around 2002, including all of rural Acholiland - around one million people - with a further eight hundred thousand from neighbouring communities. For the first 16 years of the conflict there was virtually no humanitarian assistance to the affected population, which only began in earnest after 2003. However for the following ten years, while the population was displaced and later, from 2007, returning to and re-establishing their homes, large amounts of international funding were spent. Aid was deployed on physical infrastructure, support for state security, education and health services, disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration (DDR) programmes, peacebuilding and transitional justice initiatives, and agricultural and other livelihoods development. Northern Uganda's was a model international intervention. There was a humanitarian phase during and immediately after the conflict, a transition phase during the return and resettlement phase, followed by development interventions to enable the war affected population to regain some of the lost ground caused by displacement and war, to help them attain the same level of development as the rest of the country. Compared to many conflict and post-conflict environments, northern Uganda's was straightforward. The security, political and logistical challenges were all manageable and the LRA conflict was of a sufficiently high public profile that funds provided by governments and international institutions were substantial. The intervention in northern Uganda was, it is reasonable to assume, done as well as these things can be done. However there has been little attempt to learn from the Ugandan experience. This research aims to correct this deficiency through understanding displacement and return through the perceptions and understandings of the people concerned. The outcome will be a series of studies that together evaluate not so much specific interventions but the lived experience of cumulative interventions in different sectors. It will look at communities' understandings of their own coping strategies and resilience; of the current state of their social capital and civil society as they interpret the notions and what has helped and hindered in the post-conflict recovery period; and of how ten years of international aid interventions, largely 'off the shelf' but sometimes attempting something more targeted, have affected their lives. In this sense the project will address humanitarian-development impunity, which is fostered by neglect - perhaps active rejection - of learning opportunities, as has been seen so far in northern Uganda. We aim to create a model for community-centred post-intervention evaluation across sectors. The research team are soon to conclude work on the Justice and Security Research Programme, which has been filling a massive knowledge gap on the experiences of ordinary people around security in Central Africa, and what are the public authorities - in practice very often not the state - which provide security services. The forced displacement programme will build on this model and this experience, seeking to understand displacement and return through the lived realities of affected people, in the process challenging the comfortable assumptions of the development industry. We predict that interventions in different sectors will emerge as positively and negatively experienced by populations in terms of their long-term outcomes, and that this learning will be disseminated in ways that can influence interventions in other post conflict settings. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET Uganda 41085.06 123587.95999999999 36350.77 36350.77 41417.84 41085.06 41085.06 41085.06 242303.16 GB-GOV-13-GCRF-ES_CIm_ER-2019-6W422K6 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY URBE Latam addresses the implementation gap between sustainable development and equitable resilience. It will do so by using a transdisciplinary research approach aimed at empowering residents of disaster-prone urban poor neighbourhoods, which will underpin the co-production of enhanced, context-specific understandings of local risks and the integration of the resulting data into decision-making procedures in disaster risk reduction and sustainable development monitoring. The project is conducted by a highly skilled multi-disciplinary research team (including social sciences, engineering and physical sciences) and adopts a dialogic co-production approach to citizen-generated data which relies upon well-established partnerships with community-based initiatives for local development, education and disaster risk reduction in Rio de Janeiro and Medellin, as well as with governmental agencies involved in disaster risk reduction and local planning and development. URBE Latam proceeds in four integrated components that seek an enhanced understanding of risks, vulnerabilities and local capabilities in disaster-prone urban areas: first it is centred on the engagement of citizens to generate data to expand understandings of risks at the neighbourhood level; second, citizens engagement in risk will be pursued alongside an analysis of socio-spatial inequalities in resilience and development indicators and policies at city and national level; third, this will lead to the recalibration of environmental risk mapping with citizen-generated data; fourth, these components are articulated and integrated within a framework to facilitate dialogic transformations across the different levels and stakeholders involved. The process of advancing these outputs will further enable capacity development in local communities and the governments of Rio de Janeiro and Medellin; a process which will be augmented by improving the awareness of stakeholders in other Latin American cities and countries through broader dissemination. Insights from collaboratively produced citizen-generated data will be integrated into the practices of disaster risk management and development monitoring (e.g. SDG reporting) in collaboration with international policymaking agencies, thus enabling transformations towards more equitable disaster risk reduction and sustainable development. As an overarching outcome, the project will enable the transformation of practices, improve knowledge among a diverse range of stakeholders and enhance capacity to promote equitable resilience. COVID-19 The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world. DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ECONOMIC & SOCIAL RESEARCH COUNCIL UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy General enquiries enquiries@odamanagement.org https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/beis-official-development-assistance-research-and-innovation Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 4th Floor, 1 Victoria Street, SW1H 0ET South America, regional 131593.41 -169194.38 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY -169194.38 DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY 131593.41 570238.0